ipython_doc/BasicRocketPerformance.ipynb

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    "%matplotlib inline\n",
    "%config InlineBackend.figure_format = 'svg'\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import operator\n",
    "import pprint\n",
    "from matplotlib import pyplot as plt\n",
    "from IPython.display import Math\n",
    "import pypropep as ppp"
   ]
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      "Loaded 1921 thermo species\n",
      "Loaded 1030 propellants\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "plt.style.use(u'ggplot')\n",
    "plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (10,6)\n",
    "ppp.init()"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "## Rocket Performance\n",
    "*Finally* we are at the fun stuff.  The next section shows a basic rocket performance example."
   ]
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      "Status:\n",
      "\tEquillibrium Computed: False\n",
      "\tProperties Computed: False\n",
      "\tPerformance Computed: False\n",
      "Composition:\n",
      "\tMETHANE - 1.000 mol\n",
      "\tOXYGEN (GAS) - 1.000 mol\n",
      "======= Chamber =======: \n",
      "\tPressure: 10.000 atm \n",
      "\tTemperature: 2633.2 K \n",
      "\tEnthalpy: -1776.988 kJ/kg \n",
      "\tInt. Energy: -3151.060 kJ/kg \n",
      "\tGibbs Free Energy: -41203.642 kJ/kg \n",
      "\tEntropy: 14.973 kJ/kg-K \n",
      "\tMolar Mass: 15.934 g/mol \n",
      "\tdV_P: -1.003\n",
      "\tdV_T: 1.055\n",
      "\tCp: 3.333 kJ/kg-K\n",
      "\tCv: 2.754 kJ/kg-K\n",
      "\tgamma: 1.207\n",
      "\tSound Speed: 1288.0 m/s\n",
      "\t\n",
      "\tAe/At: 0.00000\n",
      "\tA/dotm: 0.00000 m/s/atm\n",
      "\tC*: 0.00000 m/s\n",
      "\tCf: 0.00000\n",
      "\tIvac (m/s): 0.00000\n",
      "\tIsp (m/s): 0.00000\n",
      "\tIsp/g (s): 0.00000\n",
      "\n",
      "======= Throat =======: \n",
      "\tPressure: 5.598 atm \n",
      "\tTemperature: 2383.1 K \n",
      "\tEnthalpy: -2535.079 kJ/kg \n",
      "\tInt. Energy: -3775.079 kJ/kg \n",
      "\tGibbs Free Energy: -38216.726 kJ/kg \n",
      "\tEntropy: 14.973 kJ/kg-K \n",
      "\tMolar Mass: 15.979 g/mol \n",
      "\tdV_P: -1.001\n",
      "\tdV_T: 1.026\n",
      "\tCp: 2.987 kJ/kg-K\n",
      "\tCv: 2.440 kJ/kg-K\n",
      "\tgamma: 1.223\n",
      "\tSound Speed: 1231.3 m/s\n",
      "\t\n",
      "\tAe/At: 1.00000\n",
      "\tA/dotm: 179.90079 m/s/atm\n",
      "\tC*: 1799.00788 m/s\n",
      "\tCf: 0.68445\n",
      "\tIvac (m/s): 2238.37191\n",
      "\tIsp (m/s): 1231.33433\n",
      "\tIsp/g (s): 125.56116\n",
      "\n",
      "======= Exit =======: \n",
      "\tPressure: 0.010 atm \n",
      "\tTemperature: 738.7 K \n",
      "\tEnthalpy: -7040.342 kJ/kg \n",
      "\tInt. Energy: -7418.772 kJ/kg \n",
      "\tGibbs Free Energy: -18101.229 kJ/kg \n",
      "\tEntropy: 14.973 kJ/kg-K \n",
      "\tMolar Mass: 16.231 g/mol \n",
      "\tdV_P: -1.023\n",
      "\tdV_T: 1.426\n",
      "\tCp: 7.114 kJ/kg-K\n",
      "\tCv: 6.095 kJ/kg-K\n",
      "\tgamma: 1.141\n",
      "\tSound Speed: 657.1 m/s\n",
      "\t\n",
      "\tAe/At: 65.85479\n",
      "\tA/dotm: 11663.78063 m/s/atm\n",
      "\tC*: 1799.00788 m/s\n",
      "\tCf: 1.80349\n",
      "\tIvac (m/s): 3361.12684\n",
      "\tIsp (m/s): 3244.48903\n",
      "\tIsp/g (s): 330.84581\n",
      "\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "p = ppp.ShiftingPerformance()\n",
    "o2 = ppp.PROPELLANTS['OXYGEN (GAS)']\n",
    "ch4 = ppp.PROPELLANTS['METHANE']\n",
    "p.add_propellants([(ch4, 1.0), (o2, 1.0)])\n",
    "p.set_state(P=10, Pe=0.01)\n",
    "print p"
   ]
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      "throat : \n",
      "[   ('H2', 0.37053126664817604),\n",
      "    ('CO', 0.29309547119347473),\n",
      "    ('H2O', 0.2925588718406252),\n",
      "    ('CO2', 0.039520378100943),\n",
      "    ('H', 0.0037556271545963796),\n",
      "    ('OH', 0.0005319507065363911),\n",
      "    ('O', 3.6123023497931884e-06),\n",
      "    ('O2', 1.181410344189496e-06)]\n",
      "chamber : \n",
      "[   ('H2', 0.3646428518836203),\n",
      "    ('CO', 0.29535783590573855),\n",
      "    ('H2O', 0.2937186277373591),\n",
      "    ('CO2', 0.03630508960768873),\n",
      "    ('H', 0.008336633264947477),\n",
      "    ('OH', 0.001603559342244767),\n",
      "    ('O', 2.354421918070456e-05),\n",
      "    ('O2', 7.694135830008453e-06)]\n",
      "exit : \n",
      "[   ('H2', 0.5268629576381628),\n",
      "    ('CO2', 0.209344020868671),\n",
      "    ('H2O', 0.13528531001025865),\n",
      "    ('CO', 0.12173011295554459),\n",
      "    ('CH4', 0.006777598527367429),\n",
      "    ('CH3COOH', 0.0),\n",
      "    ('C4H8,cyclo-', 0.0),\n",
      "    ('CH3OH', 0.0)]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for k,v in p.composition.items():  \n",
    "    print \"{} : \".format(k)\n",
    "    pprint.pprint(v[0:8], indent=4)"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "OF = np.linspace(1, 5)\n",
    "m_CH4 = 1.0\n",
    "cstar_fr = []\n",
    "cstar_sh = []\n",
    "Isp_fr = []\n",
    "Isp_sh = []\n",
    "for i in xrange(len(OF)):\n",
    "    p = ppp.FrozenPerformance()\n",
    "    psh = ppp.ShiftingPerformance()\n",
    "    \n",
    "    m_O2 = OF[i]\n",
    "    \n",
    "    p.add_propellants_by_mass([(ch4, m_CH4), (o2, m_O2)])\n",
    "    psh.add_propellants_by_mass([(ch4, m_CH4), (o2, m_O2)])\n",
    "    \n",
    "    p.set_state(P=1000./14.7, Pe=1)\n",
    "    psh.set_state(P=1000./14.7, Pe=1)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    cstar_fr.append(p.performance.cstar)\n",
    "    Isp_fr.append(p.performance.Isp/9.8)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    cstar_sh.append(psh.performance.cstar)\n",
    "    Isp_sh.append(psh.performance.Isp/9.8)\n",
    "\n",
    "ax = plt.subplot(211)\n",
    "ax.plot(OF, cstar_fr, label='Frozen')\n",
    "ax.plot(OF, cstar_sh, label='Shifting')\n",
    "ax.set_ylabel('C*')\n",
    "ax1 = plt.subplot(212, sharex=ax)\n",
    "ax1.plot(OF, Isp_fr, label='Frozen')\n",
    "ax1.plot(OF, Isp_sh, label='Shifting')\n",
    "ax1.set_ylabel('Isp (s)')\n",
    "plt.xlabel('O/F')\n",
    "plt.legend(loc='best')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### Equilibrium with condensed species"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false,
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "chamber : \n",
      "[   ('H2O', 0.2918327383091397),\n",
      "    ('CO', 0.19766628333479908),\n",
      "    ('CO2', 0.14769097359464514),\n",
      "    ('N2', 0.11908023017527887),\n",
      "    ('H2', 0.11546779806866311),\n",
      "    ('KOH', 0.017244121184755982),\n",
      "    ('K', 0.0010316270856725938),\n",
      "    ('K2O2H2', 0.0007354192843482245)]\n",
      "Condensed: \n",
      "{   'K2CO3(L)': 0.10918913459264327}\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "throat : \n",
      "[   ('H2O', 0.28919185965786964),\n",
      "    ('CO', 0.19238888137942037),\n",
      "    ('CO2', 0.15117813255288348),\n",
      "    ('H2', 0.12164986507525913),\n",
      "    ('N2', 0.11937685085820164),\n",
      "    ('KOH', 0.012814377225230197),\n",
      "    ('K', 0.0007994663892011185),\n",
      "    ('K2O2H2', 0.0004477938184247504)]\n",
      "Condensed: \n",
      "{   'K2CO3(L)': 0.11211069812196284}\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "exit : \n",
      "[   ('H2O', 0.25917772372662917),\n",
      "    ('CO2', 0.1834583110100156),\n",
      "    ('H2', 0.16110507647029576),\n",
      "    ('CO', 0.1555085326632558),\n",
      "    ('N2', 0.12020666171394416),\n",
      "    ('KOH', 0.0006208981946172623),\n",
      "    ('K', 3.472457026754412e-05),\n",
      "    ('NH3', 5.01875271076543e-06)]\n",
      "Condensed: \n",
      "{   'K2CO3(L)': 0.11987644147981022}\n",
      "\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "kno3 = ppp.PROPELLANTS['POTASSIUM NITRATE']\n",
    "sugar = ppp.PROPELLANTS['SUCROSE (TABLE SUGAR)']\n",
    "p = ppp.ShiftingPerformance()\n",
    "p.add_propellants_by_mass([(kno3, 0.65), (sugar, 0.35)])\n",
    "p.set_state(P=30, Pe=1.)\n",
    "\n",
    "for station in ['chamber', 'throat', 'exit']:\n",
    "    print \"{} : \".format(station)\n",
    "    pprint.pprint(p.composition[station][0:8], indent=4)\n",
    "    print \"Condensed: \"\n",
    "    pprint.pprint(p.composition_condensed[station], indent=4)\n",
    "    print '\\n'\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Smoky white space shuttle SRB exhaust"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "chamber : \n",
      "[   ('H2', 0.1992602779457328),\n",
      "    ('CO', 0.19831087917488865),\n",
      "    ('H2O', 0.17256273796209426),\n",
      "    ('HCL', 0.1371121461448577),\n",
      "    ('N2', 0.09446820392444244),\n",
      "    ('H', 0.04415645229655717),\n",
      "    ('CO2', 0.020484156571504486),\n",
      "    ('CL', 0.019933946084834266)]\n",
      "Condensed: \n",
      "{   'AL2O3(L)': 0.07540083114604254}\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "throat : \n",
      "[   ('H2', 0.2031856597513713),\n",
      "    ('CO', 0.1990700019772966),\n",
      "    ('H2O', 0.1750080056604716),\n",
      "    ('HCL', 0.14303579089047486),\n",
      "    ('N2', 0.09534276736004431),\n",
      "    ('H', 0.038795515881101535),\n",
      "    ('CO2', 0.02112894887369862),\n",
      "    ('CL', 0.018071456280908962)]\n",
      "Condensed: \n",
      "{   'AL2O3(L)': 0.07849804617021526}\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "exit : \n",
      "[   ('H2', 0.22228747474578645),\n",
      "    ('CO', 0.19919503245421558),\n",
      "    ('H2O', 0.18427121775106942),\n",
      "    ('HCL', 0.16945177237221543),\n",
      "    ('N2', 0.09911951836743753),\n",
      "    ('CO2', 0.028229087225899504),\n",
      "    ('H', 0.006569601680685339),\n",
      "    ('CL', 0.0035597018253303012)]\n",
      "Condensed: \n",
      "{   'AL2O3(L)': 0.08610965738577263}\n",
      "\n",
      "\n",
      "279.969890321\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ap = ppp.PROPELLANTS['AMMONIUM PERCHLORATE (AP)']\n",
    "pban = ppp.PROPELLANTS['POLYBUTADIENE/ACRYLONITRILE CO POLYMER']\n",
    "al = ppp.PROPELLANTS['ALUMINUM (PURE CRYSTALINE)']\n",
    "p = ppp.ShiftingPerformance()\n",
    "p.add_propellants_by_mass([(ap, 0.70), (pban, 0.12), (al, 0.16)])\n",
    "p.set_state(P=45, Ae_At=7.7)\n",
    "\n",
    "for station in ['chamber', 'throat', 'exit']:\n",
    "    print \"{} : \".format(station)\n",
    "    pprint.pprint(p.composition[station][0:8], indent=4)\n",
    "    print \"Condensed: \"\n",
    "    pprint.pprint(p.composition_condensed[station], indent=4)\n",
    "    print '\\n'\n",
    "print p.performance.Ivac/9.8"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "source": [
    "### And one final condensed species case\n",
    "Remember the awesome video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aJnrFKUz1Uc) of the RL-10 with liquid ice forming in the exhaust?  Let's see if we can show that this is possible thermodynamically.\n",
    "\n",
    "Caveat - the ice formation in RL-10 is likely due to highly non-ideal effects like non-1D flow in the nozzle, non-equilibrium conditions etc.  But we can still show that it's possible even in idealized equilibrium conditions.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {
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    "deletable": true,
    "editable": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Chamber Temperature: 2455.604 K, Exit temperature: 266.987 K\n",
      "Gaseous exit products:\n",
      "[('H2', 0.6220083253121944),\n",
      " ('H2O', 0.34884033872640924),\n",
      " ('H2O2', 0.0),\n",
      " ('OH', 0.0),\n",
      " ('H', 0.0),\n",
      " ('O', 0.0),\n",
      " ('HO2', 0.0),\n",
      " ('O3', 0.0)]\n",
      "Condensed exit products:\n",
      "{'H2O(cr)': 0.029151335961390884}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "p = ppp.ShiftingPerformance()\n",
    "lh2 = ppp.PROPELLANTS['HYDROGEN (CRYOGENIC)']\n",
    "lox = ppp.PROPELLANTS['OXYGEN (LIQUID)']\n",
    "\n",
    "OF = 3\n",
    "p.add_propellants_by_mass([(lh2, 1.0), (lox, OF)])\n",
    "p.set_state(P=200, Pe=0.01)\n",
    "\n",
    "print \"Chamber Temperature: %.3f K, Exit temperature: %.3f K\" % (p.properties[0].T, p.properties[2].T)\n",
    "print \"Gaseous exit products:\"\n",
    "pprint.pprint(p.composition['exit'][0:8])\n",
    "\n",
    "print \"Condensed exit products:\"\n",
    "pprint.pprint(p.composition_condensed['exit'])"
   ]
  }
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