Sometimes you just need to flex on a colleague.
:wq
You're welcome.
Edit text by entering insert mode(press i).
Exit back out to command mode(press esc) and save by typing :w, enter and quit using :q, enter .
While in command mode, you can navigate by using your cursor or 'hjkl', as well as your arrow keys.
Concerning git: If you need to edit your message but already exited out(without pushing), consider git commit --amend.
To execute commands, you need to be in command mode. This usually just means hitting escape. You'll know when suddenly the h, j, k, l keys will start acting like the arrow keys.
Any command starting with : can be executed by hitting escape, :.
(This is because some commands are legacy from on old system called Ex.)
Any other command not starting like that can be entered the same way, but you'll not see what you're typing(the bottom line window won't show). This is normal.
Where most editors just use lines or words, vim has a some additional definitions to use. It can be a bit confusing at first which to use, so here's a short summary.
Definitions
Given the example
package example;
class Example{
public static void main(String[] args){
System.out.println("Hello world!");
}
}- Line: literally a line of text on your screen(as in, by line number), non-wrapped;
System.out.println("Hello world!"); - Sentence: "A line of text until a '.', '!' or '?' followed by either the end of a line, or by a space or tab." - the manual.
- Paragraph: Everything between two newlines;
package example;and everything fromclass Exampleand onwards. - word: a word in the natural sense;
"Hello". - WORD: a series of characters, including special characters between whitespace;
"System.out.println(\"Hello)"
:set nu
syntax on
If the highlighting breaks, try :sy sync fromstart
:334 # Or any other line really.
12, | # This does not require a colon.
( / ) (parentheses)Move up/down a sentence.
{ / } (curly braces)Move up/down a paragraph.
CTRL+B / CTRL+F Page up/down.
CTRL+D / CTRL+U Half a page up/down.
H To move to the upper part of your screen.
M To move to the middle part of your screen.
L To move to the lower part of your screen.
Reminder: it's hjkl, not jkl;
You might just want to stick to e and b first.
Hold shift during these to switch between words and partial words(e.g. first part of an hyphenated word)
Start of word:
b
End of word:
e
Start of next word:
w
Next matching brace:
%
Insert / normal people mode:
i
Command / "ok so how do i exit insert mode" mode
esc
u to undo.
CTRL+R to redo.
Text is selected from visual mode(by pressing(v).
From here you can expand your selection starting at your cursor using the hjkl navigation keys.
You can select entire lines using V(uppercase), or just entire blocks using CTRL+V.
Example:
If you want to try this out, copy below into a new file and place your cursor at the X on line 4.
(To do this, type :4(jump to line 4), then 33|(jump to column 33) ).
package loremipsum;
class OhNoNotThisAgain {
public static void Main(String[] args){
System.out.println('Hello smXall world!');
}
}viw # visual(character) mode, inner, word
In the example above, this should select "smXall".
O # Other
c to cut and start typing something else(automatically changes to insert mode).
A to append(automatically changes to insert mode).
P to prepend.
Copy(a.k.a 'yank')
y
Paste
p
Delete
d
x
esc, dd # Exit back to command mode, delete-delete(twice to delete line instead of word)
the entire word:
daW # todo - meaning?
until first hyphen:
daw # todo - meaning?
r