diff --git a/lib/Insteon.pm b/lib/Insteon.pm
index 9038ff491..84fabc82b 100755
--- a/lib/Insteon.pm
+++ b/lib/Insteon.pm
@@ -400,9 +400,8 @@ sub scan_all_linktables
         	{
         		my $candidate_object = $_;
         		if ($candidate_object->is_root and
-                		!($candidate_object->isa('Insteon::RemoteLinc')
-                		or $candidate_object->isa('Insteon::InterfaceController')
-                       		or $candidate_object->isa('Insteon::MotionSensor')))
+                		!($candidate_object->is_deaf
+                		or $candidate_object->isa('Insteon::InterfaceController')))
                 	{
 		       		push @_scan_devices, $candidate_object;
                 		&main::print_log("[Scan all linktables] INFO1: "
@@ -511,7 +510,7 @@ sub sync_all_links
 	# iterate over all registered objects and compare whether the link tables match defined scene linkages in known Insteon_Links
 	for my $obj (&Insteon::find_members('Insteon::BaseController'))
 	{
-        	if ($obj->isa('Insteon::RemoteLinc') or $obj->isa('Insteon::MotionSensor'))
+        	if (!$obj->isa('Insteon::InterfaceController') && $obj->is_deaf)
                 {
                 	&main::print_log("[Sync all links] Ignoring links from 'deaf' device: " . $obj->get_object_name);
                 }
diff --git a/lib/Insteon/AllLinkDatabase.pm b/lib/Insteon/AllLinkDatabase.pm
index aa47c807b..003db8636 100644
--- a/lib/Insteon/AllLinkDatabase.pm
+++ b/lib/Insteon/AllLinkDatabase.pm
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ sub delete_orphan_links
         # first, make sure that the health of ALDB is ok
         if ($self->health ne 'good')
         {
-        	if ($$self{device}->isa('Insteon::RemoteLinc') or $$self{device}->isa('Insteon::MotionSensor'))
+        	if ($self->is_deaf)
                 {
         		&::print_log("[Insteon::AllLinkDatabase] Delete orphan links: ignoring link from deaf device: $selfname");
 
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ sub delete_orphan_links
 			}
                         else # is a non-PLM device
                         {
-                        	if ($linked_device->isa('Insteon::RemoteLinc') or $linked_device->isa('Insteon::MotionSensor'))
+                        	if ($linked_device->is_deaf)
                                 {
                                 	&::print_log("[Insteon::AllLinkDatabase] Delete orphan links: ignoring link from $selfname to 'deaf' device: " . $linked_device->get_object_name);
                                 }
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ sub delete_orphan_links
                                                         	{
 									$member = $member->get_root;
 								}
-                        					if ($member->isa('Insteon::RemoteLinc') or $member->isa('Insteon::MotionSensor'))
+                        					if ($member->is_deaf)
                                                         	{
                                                                		&::print_log("[Insteon::AllLinkDatabase] ignoring link from " . $link->get_object_name . " to " .
                                                                		$member->get_object_name);
@@ -2830,7 +2830,7 @@ sub delete_orphan_links
 						}
 						if ($member->isa('Insteon::BaseDevice'))
                                                 {
-                                                	if ($member->isa('Insteon::RemoteLinc') or $member->isa('Insteon::MotionSensor'))
+                                                	if ($member->is_deaf)
                                                         {
                                                                &::print_log("[Insteon::ALDB_PLM] ignoring link from PLM to " .
                                                                		$member->get_object_name);
diff --git a/lib/Insteon/BaseInsteon.pm b/lib/Insteon/BaseInsteon.pm
index c4e909cc5..68ba714e8 100644
--- a/lib/Insteon/BaseInsteon.pm
+++ b/lib/Insteon/BaseInsteon.pm
@@ -270,22 +270,31 @@ Returns the highest hop count of the past 20 hop counts
 sub default_hop_count
 {
 	my ($self, $hop_count) = @_;
-	unshift(@{$$self{hop_array}}, $$self{default_hop_count}) if (!defined(@{$$self{hop_array}}));
 	if (defined($hop_count)){
 		::print_log("[Insteon::BaseObject] DEBUG3: Adding hop count of " . $hop_count . " to hop_array of "
 			. $self->get_object_name) if $main::Debug{insteon} >= 3;
-		unshift(@{$$self{hop_array}}, $hop_count) 
+		if (!defined(@{$$self{hop_array}})) {
+			unshift(@{$$self{hop_array}}, $$self{default_hop_count});
+			$$self{hop_sum} = $$self{default_hop_count};
+		}
+		#Calculate a simple moving average
+		unshift(@{$$self{hop_array}}, $hop_count); 
+		$$self{hop_sum} += ${$$self{hop_array}}[0];
+		$$self{hop_sum} -= pop(@{$$self{hop_array}}) if (scalar(@{$$self{hop_array}}) >10);
+		$$self{default_hop_count} = int(($$self{hop_sum} / scalar(@{$$self{hop_array}})) + 0.5);
+
+		::print_log("[Insteon::BaseObject] DEBUG4: ".$self->get_object_name
+			."->default_hop_count()=".$$self{default_hop_count}
+			." :: hop_array[]=". join("",@{$$self{hop_array}})) 
+			if $main::Debug{insteon} >= 4;
 	}
-	pop(@{$$self{hop_array}}) if (scalar(@{$$self{hop_array}}) >20);
-	my $high = 0;
-	foreach (@{$$self{hop_array}}){
-		$high = $_ if ($high < $_);;
-	}
-	$$self{default_hop_count} = $high;
+
+	#Allow for per-device settings
 	$$self{default_hop_count} = $$self{max_hops} if ($$self{max_hops} &&
 		$$self{default_hop_count} > $$self{max_hops});
 	$$self{default_hop_count} = $$self{min_hops} if ($$self{min_hops} &&
-		$$self{default_hop_count} < $$self{min_hops});
+		$$self{default_hop_count} < $$self{min_hops});	
+	
         return $$self{default_hop_count};
 }
 
@@ -1278,6 +1287,7 @@ sub new
     $$self{hops_left_count} = 0;
     $$self{max_hops_count} = 0;
     $$self{outgoing_hop_count} = 0;
+	$$self{is_deaf} = 0;
 
 	return $self;
 }
@@ -1312,6 +1322,23 @@ sub rate
 	return $$self{rate};
 }
 
+=item C<is_deaf()>
+
+Returns true if the device must be awake in order to respond to messages.  Most
+devices are not deaf, currently devices that are deaf are battery operated
+devices such as the Motion Sensor, RemoteLinc and TriggerLinc.
+
+At the BaseObject level all devices are defined as not deaf.  Objects which
+inherit BaseObject should redefine is_deaf as necessary.
+
+=cut
+
+sub is_deaf
+{
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	return $$self{is_deaf};
+}
+
 =item C<is_controller()>
 
 Returns true if the device is a controller.
@@ -1465,7 +1492,7 @@ sub link_to_interface_i2cs
 		case (2) { #Scan device to get an accurate link table
 			#return to normal link_to_interface routine if successful
 			$success_callback_prefix = $self->get_object_name."->link_to_interface('$p_group','$p_data3',";
-			$success_callback = $success_callback_prefix . "'2')";
+			$success_callback = $success_callback_prefix . "'1')";
 			$self->scan_link_table($success_callback, $failure_callback);
 		}
 	}
@@ -1848,7 +1875,8 @@ Hop Count, Engine Version, ALDB Type, ALDB Health, and Last ALDB Scan Time
 sub log_aldb_status
 {
 	my ($self) = @_;
-	main::print_log( "     Hop Count: ".$self->default_hop_count());
+	main::print_log( "     Device ID: ".$self->device_id());
+	main::print_log( "     Hop Count: ".$self->default_hop_count()." :: [". join("",@{$$self{hop_array}})."]");
 	main::print_log( "Engine Version: ".$self->engine_version());
 	my $aldb = $self->get_root()->_aldb;
 	if ($aldb)
@@ -1941,6 +1969,8 @@ sub _get_engine_version_failure
 			."linked; Please use 'link to interface' voice command");
 		$self->engine_version('I2CS');
 	}
+	#Clear success callback, otherwise it will run when message is cleared
+	$self->interface->active_message->success_callback('0');
 }
 
 =item C<ping([count])>
diff --git a/lib/Insteon/Controller.pm b/lib/Insteon/Controller.pm
index 368de52ae..4c1c67e30 100644
--- a/lib/Insteon/Controller.pm
+++ b/lib/Insteon/Controller.pm
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ sub new
 	}
 	bless $self,$class;
 	$$self{is_responder} = 0;
+	$$self{is_deaf} = 1;
 	return $self;
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/Insteon/Message.pm b/lib/Insteon/Message.pm
index 38e4e43fd..beb4ad1cb 100644
--- a/lib/Insteon/Message.pm
+++ b/lib/Insteon/Message.pm
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ Data will be evaluated after the receipt of an ACK from the device for this comm
 sub success_callback
 {
 	my ($self, $callback) = @_;
-        if ($callback)
+        if (defined $callback)
         {
         	$$self{success_callback} = $callback;
         }
diff --git a/lib/Insteon/Security.pm b/lib/Insteon/Security.pm
index a51be4db7..f79090003 100644
--- a/lib/Insteon/Security.pm
+++ b/lib/Insteon/Security.pm
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ sub new
 	}
 	bless $self,$class;
 	$$self{is_responder} = 0;
+	$$self{is_deaf} = 1;
 	return $self;
 }
 
@@ -751,6 +752,7 @@ sub new
         $$self{message_types} = \%message_types;
 	bless $self,$class;
 	$$self{is_responder} = 0;
+	$$self{is_deaf} = 1;
 	return $self;
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/Insteon_PLM.pm b/lib/Insteon_PLM.pm
index c97637985..9181f3d85 100644
--- a/lib/Insteon_PLM.pm
+++ b/lib/Insteon_PLM.pm
@@ -815,7 +815,7 @@ sub _parse_data {
                         	my $message_to_string = ($self->active_message) ? $self->active_message->to_string() : "";
 				&::print_log("[Insteon_PLM] Received all-link cleanup success: $message_to_string")
                                 	if $main::Debug{insteon};
-				if (ref $self->active_message->setby){
+				if (ref $self->active_message && ref $self->active_message->setby){
 					my $object = $self->active_message->setby;
 					$object->is_acknowledged(1);
 					$object->_process_command_stack();