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uf2conv.py
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uf2conv.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# yapf: disable
import sys
import struct
import subprocess
import re
import os
import os.path
import argparse
import json
from time import sleep
UF2_MAGIC_START0 = 0x0A324655 # "UF2\n"
UF2_MAGIC_START1 = 0x9E5D5157 # Randomly selected
UF2_MAGIC_END = 0x0AB16F30 # Ditto
INFO_FILE = "/INFO_UF2.TXT"
appstartaddr = 0x2000
familyid = 0x0
def is_uf2(buf):
w = struct.unpack("<II", buf[0:8])
return w[0] == UF2_MAGIC_START0 and w[1] == UF2_MAGIC_START1
def is_hex(buf):
try:
w = buf[0:30].decode("utf-8")
except UnicodeDecodeError:
return False
if w[0] == ':' and re.match(b"^[:0-9a-fA-F\r\n]+$", buf):
return True
return False
def convert_from_uf2(buf):
global appstartaddr
global familyid
numblocks = len(buf) // 512
curraddr = None
currfamilyid = None
families_found = {}
prev_flag = None
all_flags_same = True
outp = []
for blockno in range(numblocks):
ptr = blockno * 512
block = buf[ptr:ptr + 512]
hd = struct.unpack(b"<IIIIIIII", block[0:32])
if hd[0] != UF2_MAGIC_START0 or hd[1] != UF2_MAGIC_START1:
print("Skipping block at " + ptr + "; bad magic")
continue
if hd[2] & 1:
# NO-flash flag set; skip block
continue
datalen = hd[4]
if datalen > 476:
assert False, "Invalid UF2 data size at " + ptr
newaddr = hd[3]
if (hd[2] & 0x2000) and (currfamilyid == None):
currfamilyid = hd[7]
if curraddr == None or ((hd[2] & 0x2000) and hd[7] != currfamilyid):
currfamilyid = hd[7]
curraddr = newaddr
if familyid == 0x0 or familyid == hd[7]:
appstartaddr = newaddr
padding = newaddr - curraddr
if padding < 0:
assert False, "Block out of order at " + ptr
if padding > 10*1024*1024:
assert False, "More than 10M of padding needed at " + ptr
if padding % 4 != 0:
assert False, "Non-word padding size at " + ptr
while padding > 0:
padding -= 4
outp.append(b"\x00\x00\x00\x00")
if familyid == 0x0 or ((hd[2] & 0x2000) and familyid == hd[7]):
outp.append(block[32 : 32 + datalen])
curraddr = newaddr + datalen
if hd[2] & 0x2000:
if hd[7] in families_found.keys():
if families_found[hd[7]] > newaddr:
families_found[hd[7]] = newaddr
else:
families_found[hd[7]] = newaddr
if prev_flag == None:
prev_flag = hd[2]
if prev_flag != hd[2]:
all_flags_same = False
if blockno == (numblocks - 1):
print("--- UF2 File Header Info ---")
families = load_families()
for family_hex in families_found.keys():
family_short_name = ""
for name, value in families.items():
if value == family_hex:
family_short_name = name
print("Family ID is {:s}, hex value is 0x{:08x}".format(family_short_name,family_hex))
print("Target Address is 0x{:08x}".format(families_found[family_hex]))
if all_flags_same:
print("All block flag values consistent, 0x{:04x}".format(hd[2]))
else:
print("Flags were not all the same")
print("----------------------------")
if len(families_found) > 1 and familyid == 0x0:
outp = []
appstartaddr = 0x0
return b"".join(outp)
def convert_to_carray(file_content):
outp = "const unsigned long bindata_len = %d;\n" % len(file_content)
outp += "const unsigned char bindata[] __attribute__((aligned(16))) = {"
for i in range(len(file_content)):
if i % 16 == 0:
outp += "\n"
outp += "0x%02x, " % file_content[i]
outp += "\n};\n"
return bytes(outp, "utf-8")
def convert_to_uf2(file_content):
global familyid
datapadding = b""
while len(datapadding) < 512 - 256 - 32 - 4:
datapadding += b"\x00\x00\x00\x00"
numblocks = (len(file_content) + 255) // 256
outp = []
for blockno in range(numblocks):
ptr = 256 * blockno
chunk = file_content[ptr:ptr + 256]
flags = 0x0
if familyid:
flags |= 0x2000
hd = struct.pack(b"<IIIIIIII",
UF2_MAGIC_START0, UF2_MAGIC_START1,
flags, ptr + appstartaddr, 256, blockno, numblocks, familyid)
while len(chunk) < 256:
chunk += b"\x00"
block = hd + chunk + datapadding + struct.pack(b"<I", UF2_MAGIC_END)
assert len(block) == 512
outp.append(block)
return b"".join(outp)
class Block:
def __init__(self, addr):
self.addr = addr
self.bytes = bytearray(256)
def encode(self, blockno, numblocks):
global familyid
flags = 0x0
if familyid:
flags |= 0x2000
if devicetype:
flags |= 0x8000
hd = struct.pack("<IIIIIIII",
UF2_MAGIC_START0, UF2_MAGIC_START1,
flags, self.addr, 256, blockno, numblocks, familyid)
hd += self.bytes[0:256]
if devicetype:
hd += bytearray(b'\x08\x29\xa7\xc8')
hd += bytearray(devicetype.to_bytes(4, 'little'))
while len(hd) < 512 - 4:
hd += b"\x00"
hd += struct.pack("<I", UF2_MAGIC_END)
return hd
def convert_from_hex_to_uf2(buf):
global appstartaddr
appstartaddr = None
upper = 0
currblock = None
blocks = []
for line in buf.split('\n'):
if line[0] != ":":
continue
i = 1
rec = []
while i < len(line) - 1:
rec.append(int(line[i:i+2], 16))
i += 2
tp = rec[3]
if tp == 4:
upper = ((rec[4] << 8) | rec[5]) << 16
elif tp == 2:
upper = ((rec[4] << 8) | rec[5]) << 4
elif tp == 1:
break
elif tp == 0:
addr = upper + ((rec[1] << 8) | rec[2])
if appstartaddr == None:
appstartaddr = addr
i = 4
while i < len(rec) - 1:
if not currblock or currblock.addr & ~0xff != addr & ~0xff:
currblock = Block(addr & ~0xff)
blocks.append(currblock)
currblock.bytes[addr & 0xff] = rec[i]
addr += 1
i += 1
numblocks = len(blocks)
resfile = b""
for i in range(0, numblocks):
resfile += blocks[i].encode(i, numblocks)
return resfile
def to_str(b):
return b.decode("utf-8")
def get_drives():
drives = []
if sys.platform == "win32":
r = subprocess.check_output(["wmic", "PATH", "Win32_LogicalDisk",
"get", "DeviceID,", "VolumeName,",
"FileSystem,", "DriveType"])
for line in to_str(r).split('\n'):
words = re.split('\s+', line)
if len(words) >= 3 and words[1] == "2" and words[2] == "FAT":
drives.append(words[0])
else:
searchpaths = ["/media"]
if sys.platform == "darwin":
searchpaths = ["/Volumes"]
elif sys.platform == "linux":
searchpaths += ["/media/" + os.environ["USER"], '/run/media/' + os.environ["USER"]]
for rootpath in searchpaths:
if os.path.isdir(rootpath):
for d in os.listdir(rootpath):
if os.path.isdir(rootpath):
drives.append(os.path.join(rootpath, d))
def has_info(d):
try:
return os.path.isfile(d + INFO_FILE)
except:
return False
return list(filter(has_info, drives))
def board_id(path):
with open(path + INFO_FILE, mode='r') as file:
file_content = file.read()
return re.search("Board-ID: ([^\r\n]*)", file_content).group(1)
def list_drives():
for d in get_drives():
print(d, board_id(d))
def write_file(name, buf):
with open(name, "wb") as f:
f.write(buf)
print("Wrote %d bytes to %s" % (len(buf), name))
def load_families():
# The expectation is that the `uf2families.json` file is in the same
# directory as this script. Make a path that works using `__file__`
# which contains the full path to this script.
filename = "uf2families.json"
pathname = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), filename)
with open(pathname) as f:
raw_families = json.load(f)
families = {}
for family in raw_families:
families[family["short_name"]] = int(family["id"], 0)
return families
def main():
global appstartaddr, familyid
def error(msg):
print(msg, file=sys.stderr)
sys.exit(1)
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Convert to UF2 or flash directly.')
parser.add_argument('input', metavar='INPUT', type=str, nargs='?',
help='input file (HEX, BIN or UF2)')
parser.add_argument('-b', '--base', dest='base', type=str,
default="0x2000",
help='set base address of application for BIN format (default: 0x2000)')
parser.add_argument('-f', '--family', dest='family', type=str,
default="0x0",
help='specify familyID - number or name (default: 0x0)')
parser.add_argument('-t' , '--device-type', dest='devicetype', type=str,
help='specify deviceTypeID extension tag - number')
parser.add_argument('-o', '--output', metavar="FILE", dest='output', type=str,
help='write output to named file; defaults to "flash.uf2" or "flash.bin" where sensible')
parser.add_argument('-d', '--device', dest="device_path",
help='select a device path to flash')
parser.add_argument('-l', '--list', action='store_true',
help='list connected devices')
parser.add_argument('-c', '--convert', action='store_true',
help='do not flash, just convert')
parser.add_argument('-D', '--deploy', action='store_true',
help='just flash, do not convert')
parser.add_argument('-w', '--wait', action='store_true',
help='wait for device to flash')
parser.add_argument('-C', '--carray', action='store_true',
help='convert binary file to a C array, not UF2')
parser.add_argument('-i', '--info', action='store_true',
help='display header information from UF2, do not convert')
args = parser.parse_args()
appstartaddr = int(args.base, 0)
families = load_families()
if args.family.upper() in families:
familyid = families[args.family.upper()]
else:
try:
familyid = int(args.family, 0)
except ValueError:
error("Family ID needs to be a number or one of: " + ", ".join(families.keys()))
global devicetype
devicetype = int(args.devicetype, 0) if args.devicetype else None
if args.list:
list_drives()
else:
if not args.input:
error("Need input file")
with open(args.input, mode='rb') as f:
inpbuf = f.read()
from_uf2 = is_uf2(inpbuf)
ext = "uf2"
if args.deploy:
outbuf = inpbuf
elif from_uf2 and not args.info:
outbuf = convert_from_uf2(inpbuf)
ext = "bin"
elif from_uf2 and args.info:
outbuf = ""
convert_from_uf2(inpbuf)
elif is_hex(inpbuf):
outbuf = convert_from_hex_to_uf2(inpbuf.decode("utf-8"))
elif args.carray:
outbuf = convert_to_carray(inpbuf)
ext = "h"
else:
outbuf = convert_to_uf2(inpbuf)
if not args.deploy and not args.info:
print("Converted to %s, output size: %d, start address: 0x%x" %
(ext, len(outbuf), appstartaddr))
if args.convert or ext != "uf2":
if args.output == None:
args.output = "flash." + ext
if args.output:
write_file(args.output, outbuf)
if ext == "uf2" and not args.convert and not args.info:
drives = get_drives()
if len(drives) == 0:
if args.wait:
print("Waiting for drive to deploy...")
while len(drives) == 0:
sleep(0.1)
drives = get_drives()
elif not args.output:
error("No drive to deploy.")
for d in drives:
print("Flashing %s (%s)" % (d, board_id(d)))
write_file(d + "/NEW.UF2", outbuf)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()