5. Manipulacija nizov.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Nizi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Še nekaj uporabnih stvari v zvezi z nizi."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "niz1 = \"bla\"\n",
    "niz2 = 'bla'\n",
    "niz1 == niz2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "niz3 = \"dnein' dindio\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "dnein' dindio\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(niz3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "\"fubf'o\""
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'fubf\\'o'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello\n",
      " world\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "niz4 = \"hello\\n world\"\n",
    "print(niz4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello\\world\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "niz5 = \"hello\\\\world\"\n",
    "print(niz5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "pozd = \"\"\"bfirobfurf\n",
    "fnrungugnrpgrg\n",
    "nurienierngirugnuerger\n",
    "reuigniruguner\"\"\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "bfirobfurf\n",
      "fnrungugnrpgrg\n",
      "nurienierngirugnuerger\n",
      "reuigniruguner\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(pozd)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "poz = \"hello world\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"hello\" in poz"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' ', 'w', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(poz)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "poz.count(\"l\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Anagram (naloga)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Napiši\tfunkcijo,\tki\tkot\targument\tprejme\tdve\tbesedi\tin\tpove\t(tako\tda\tvrne\t```True``` ali\t```False```),\tali\n",
    "sta\t anagrama.\t Besedi\t sta\t anagrama,\t če\t lahko\t dobimo\t eno\t besedo\t iz\t druge\t tako,\t da\t jima\tpremešamo\tčrke."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def anagram(beseda1, beseda2):\n",
    "    if len(beseda1) != len(beseda2):\n",
    "        return False\n",
    "    for w in beseda1:\n",
    "        beseda2 = beseda2.replace(w, \"\", 1)\n",
    "    return not beseda2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "anagram(\"pirat\", \"ripat\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "anagram(\"fewf\", \"dnewio\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Izpis nizov na bolj uporaben način"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "ime mi je  Gregor in sem star 25\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ime = \"Gregor\"\n",
    "starost = 25\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "print(\"ime mi je \", ime, \"in sem star\", starost)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "ime mi je Gregor in sem star 25\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(f\"ime mi je {ime} in sem star {starost}\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Vrednost pi-ja je  3.1415926536\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import math\n",
    "\n",
    "print(f\"Vrednost pi-ja je  {math.pi:.10f}\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Gregor     ==>          475\n",
      "Janez      ==>          746\n",
      "Neža       ==>         1899\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "gesla = {\"Gregor\": 475, \"Janez\": 746, \"Neža\":1899}\n",
    "for ime, pin in gesla.items():\n",
    "    print(f\"{ime:10} ==> {pin:12}\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "modul_el = {\"jeklo\":210000, \"aluminij\": 70000, \"zlato\":80000}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      " Modul el jeklo znaša 2.100000e+05 MPa\n",
      " Modul el jeklo znaša 210000.000 MPa\n",
      " Modul el jeklo znaša 210000 MPa\n",
      " Modul el aluminij znaša 7.000000e+04 MPa\n",
      " Modul el aluminij znaša 70000.000 MPa\n",
      " Modul el aluminij znaša 70000 MPa\n",
      " Modul el zlato znaša 8.000000e+04 MPa\n",
      " Modul el zlato znaša 80000.000 MPa\n",
      " Modul el zlato znaša 80000 MPa\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for material, modul in modul_el.items():\n",
    "    print(f\" Modul el {material} znaša {modul:e} MPa\")\n",
    "    print(f\" Modul el {material} znaša {modul:.3f} MPa\")\n",
    "    print(f\" Modul el {material} znaša {modul:d} MPa\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "niz = \"bonsaj\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'BONSAJ'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "niz.upper()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "niz2 = \"HRAST\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'hrast'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 38,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "niz2.lower()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 39,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "niz.islower()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 40,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "niz2.isupper()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 43,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "niz.isalpha()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "niz.isalnum()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "dec = \"5\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "dec.isdecimal()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "pres = \"\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 52,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pres.isspace()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 53,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"Tečaj Python\".istitle()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "****"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Izračunaj število črk in številk v nizu (naloga)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Napiši funkcijo, ki prejme niz in vrne število črk in število številk v tem nizu."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def stevilo(niz):\n",
    "    c = s = 0\n",
    "    for i in niz:\n",
    "        if i.isalpha():\n",
    "            c += 1\n",
    "        elif i.isdecimal():\n",
    "            s += 1\n",
    "        \n",
    "    return c, s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "niz = \" Python 3.9.1\"\n",
    "crke, stevilke = stevilo(niz)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 58,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "crke"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 59,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "stevilke"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Preštej karakterje v nizu"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Napiši funkcijo, ki sprejme niz in vrne število posameznih karakterjev v njem v obliki slovarja. \n",
    "\n",
    "npr: ```\"google.com\" => {'g': 2, 'o': 3, 'l': 1, 'e': 1, '.': 1, 'c': 1, 'm': 1}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "beseda = \"google.com\"\n",
    "\n",
    "def karak(niz):\n",
    "    slov = {}\n",
    "    for i in niz:\n",
    "        keys = slov.keys()\n",
    "        if i in keys:\n",
    "            slov[i] += 1\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            slov[i] = 1\n",
    "    return slov"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'g': 2, 'o': 3, 'l': 1, 'e': 1, '.': 1, 'c': 1, 'm': 1}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 61,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "karak(beseda)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def karak(niz):\n",
    "    slov = {}\n",
    "    for i in niz:\n",
    "        slov[i] = niz.count(i)\n",
    "    return slov"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'g': 2, 'o': 3, 'l': 1, 'e': 1, '.': 1, 'c': 1, 'm': 1}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 63,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "karak(beseda)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Še nekaj uporabnih vgrajenih metod..."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "```join()```, ```split()``` in ```partition()```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 69,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "zivali = [\"macka\", \"pes\", \"hrček\"]\n",
    "\n",
    "zdruzi = \" in \".join(zivali)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 70,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'macka in pes in hrček'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 70,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "zdruzi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 71,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['rad', 'obvladam', 'nove', 'reči']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 71,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "neki = \"rad obvladam nove reči\"\n",
    "neki.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['macka ', ' pes ', ' hrček']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 72,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "zdruzi.split(\"in\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 74,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "tuple"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 74,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pozdrav = \"Pozdravljeni vsi skupaj, to bo vse!\"\n",
    "type(pozdrav.partition(\"vsi\"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.8.5"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 4
}