chore!: Remove wget from Promtail docker image (backport release-3.3.x)

[loki-gh-app]

Backport 2eea546 from #15101

---

What this PR does / why we need it:

The package has been added to the Docker image with PR #11711 with the intention to support the Docker healthcheck.

However, to reduce the attack surface of our Docker images, we want to keep them as slim as possible. The current version of Promtail (3.3.0) for example contains a wget version with vulnerability CVE-2024-38428.

The healthcheck can be achieved by other means, e.g.

1. Extend the grafana/promtail base image and add wget using apt install wget
   Add wget to promtail Docker image #11590 (comment)
2. Use low-level /dev/tcp/127.0.0.1:9080 to establish a connection and check the exit code
   Add wget to promtail Docker image #11590 (comment)

Special notes for your reviewer:

Original discussion about adding wget #11590

This may break someone's Docker compose installation, when they require on the wget powered health check.

Checklist

• Reviewed the CONTRIBUTING.md guide (required)
• Documentation added
• Tests updated
• Title matches the required conventional commits format, see here
  • Note that Promtail is considered to be feature complete, and future development for logs collection will be in Grafana Alloy. As such, feat PRs are unlikely to be accepted unless a case can be made for the feature actually being a bug fix to existing behavior.
• Changes that require user attention or interaction to upgrade are documented in docs/sources/setup/upgrade/_index.md
• If the change is deprecating or removing a configuration option, update the deprecated-config.yaml and deleted-config.yaml files respectively in the tools/deprecated-config-checker directory. Example PR