diff --git a/check_api/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/util/RuntimeVersion.java b/check_api/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/util/RuntimeVersion.java
index f965d3f625c..14ae3dd37fc 100644
--- a/check_api/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/util/RuntimeVersion.java
+++ b/check_api/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/util/RuntimeVersion.java
@@ -16,7 +16,15 @@
 
 package com.google.errorprone.util;
 
-/** JDK version string utilities. */
+/**
+ * JDK runtime version utilities.
+ *
+ * <p>These methods are generally used when deciding which method to call reflectively. Bug checkers
+ * that rely on support for specific source code constructs should consult {@link SourceVersion}
+ * instead.
+ *
+ * @see SourceVersion
+ */
 public final class RuntimeVersion {
 
   private static final int FEATURE = Runtime.version().feature();
diff --git a/check_api/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/util/SourceVersion.java b/check_api/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/util/SourceVersion.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..23de9c6402a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/check_api/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/util/SourceVersion.java
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Error Prone Authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.google.errorprone.util;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Source;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context;
+
+/**
+ * JDK source version utilities.
+ *
+ * @see RuntimeVersion
+ */
+public final class SourceVersion {
+  /** Returns true if the compiler source version level supports switch expressions. */
+  public static boolean supportsSwitchExpressions(Context context) {
+    return sourceIsAtLeast(context, "14");
+  }
+
+  /** Returns true if the compiler source version level supports text blocks. */
+  public static boolean supportsTextBlocks(Context context) {
+    return sourceIsAtLeast(context, "15");
+  }
+
+  private static boolean sourceIsAtLeast(Context context, String versionString) {
+    Source lowerBound = Source.lookup(versionString);
+    return lowerBound != null && Source.instance(context).compareTo(lowerBound) >= 0;
+  }
+
+  private SourceVersion() {}
+}
diff --git a/check_api/src/test/java/com/google/errorprone/util/SourceVersionTest.java b/check_api/src/test/java/com/google/errorprone/util/SourceVersionTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c7da4fb92b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/check_api/src/test/java/com/google/errorprone/util/SourceVersionTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Error Prone Authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.google.errorprone.util;
+
+import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
+
+import com.sun.tools.javac.main.Option;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Options;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;
+
+@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
+public class SourceVersionTest {
+  @Test
+  public void supportsSwitchExpressions_notSupported() {
+    Context context = contextWithSourceVersion("13");
+
+    assertThat(SourceVersion.supportsSwitchExpressions(context)).isFalse();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void supportsSwitchExpressions_conditionallySupported() {
+    Context context = contextWithSourceVersion("14");
+
+    assertThat(SourceVersion.supportsSwitchExpressions(context))
+        .isEqualTo(RuntimeVersion.isAtLeast14());
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void supportsTextBlocks_notSupported() {
+    Context context = contextWithSourceVersion("14");
+
+    assertThat(SourceVersion.supportsTextBlocks(context)).isFalse();
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void supportsTextBlocks_conditionallySupported() {
+    Context context = contextWithSourceVersion("15");
+
+    assertThat(SourceVersion.supportsTextBlocks(context)).isEqualTo(RuntimeVersion.isAtLeast15());
+  }
+
+  private static Context contextWithSourceVersion(String versionString) {
+    Context context = new Context();
+
+    Options options = Options.instance(context);
+    options.put(Option.SOURCE, versionString);
+
+    return context;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/StatementSwitchToExpressionSwitch.java b/core/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/StatementSwitchToExpressionSwitch.java
index 8d53a085ae7..b9181a5091f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/StatementSwitchToExpressionSwitch.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/StatementSwitchToExpressionSwitch.java
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 import com.google.errorprone.matchers.Description;
 import com.google.errorprone.util.Reachability;
 import com.google.errorprone.util.RuntimeVersion;
+import com.google.errorprone.util.SourceVersion;
 import com.sun.source.tree.BreakTree;
 import com.sun.source.tree.CaseTree;
 import com.sun.source.tree.ExpressionTree;
@@ -85,8 +86,7 @@ public StatementSwitchToExpressionSwitch(ErrorProneFlags flags) {
 
   @Override
   public Description matchSwitch(SwitchTree switchTree, VisitorState state) {
-    // Expression switches finalized in Java 14
-    if (!RuntimeVersion.isAtLeast14()) {
+    if (!SourceVersion.supportsSwitchExpressions(state.context)) {
       return NO_MATCH;
     }