Add Ubuntu Jammy CI

[chapulina]

🎉 New feature

• Part of Packaging and CI for Jammy gazebo-tooling/release-tools#566

Summary

Jammy CI for Fortress.

Test it

Eventually Jammy CI should come back green.

Checklist

• Signed all commits for DCO
• Added tests
• Added example and/or tutorial
• Updated documentation (as needed)
• Updated migration guide (as needed)
• codecheck passed (See contributing)
• All tests passed (See test coverage)
• While waiting for a review on your PR, please help review another open pull request to support the maintainers

Note to maintainers: Remember to use Squash-Merge and edit the commit message to match the pull request summary while retaining Signed-off-by messages.

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