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<h1 class="post-title">C语言对数据的隐藏封装</h1>
<span class="post-date">周日 16 五月 2010</span>
<p>在C++中，如果我们想把数据结构隐藏起来，只为用户提供接口，可以通过实现继承接口类的方式到达目的。那C中，可以采用什么方式呢。下面有一例：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1">// demo.h</span>
<span class="cp">#ifndef DEMO_H</span>
<span class="cp">#define DEMO_H</span>
<span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Demo</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Demo</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">extern</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Demo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">DemoCreate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">extern</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">DemoDestory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Demo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">extern</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">DemoShow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Demo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="cp">#endif</span><span class="c1">//DEMO_H</span>
</code></pre></div>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1">// demo.c</span>
<span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">"demo.h"</span>
<span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf"><stdio.h></span>
<span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf"><stdlib.h></span>
<span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Demo_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Demo_</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">Demo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">DemoCreate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Demo_</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Demo_</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Demo_</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">num_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Demo</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">DemoDestory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Demo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">DemoShow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Demo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">Demo_</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">num_</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1">// main.c</span>
<span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">"demo.h"</span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Demo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">DemoCreate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">777</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">DemoShow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">DemoDestory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">demo</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
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