diff --git a/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/CopyButton/styles.module.css b/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/CopyButton/styles.module.css
index f91a3d6aacfd..8333e37d1661 100644
--- a/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/CopyButton/styles.module.css
+++ b/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/CopyButton/styles.module.css
@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@
 
 .copyButton {
   display: flex;
-  background: inherit;
+  /* TODO: move to base button styling */
+  background: var(--prism-background-color);
+  color: var(--prism-color);
   border: 1px solid var(--ifm-color-emphasis-300);
   border-radius: var(--ifm-global-radius);
   padding: 0.4rem;
diff --git a/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/index.tsx b/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/index.tsx
index 717ef19ceaaf..7f8ea7642c2a 100644
--- a/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/index.tsx
+++ b/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/index.tsx
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export default function CodeBlock({
         theme={prismTheme}
         code=""
         language={'text' as Language}>
-        {({className, style}) => (
+        {({className}) => (
           <pre
             /* eslint-disable-next-line jsx-a11y/no-noninteractive-tabindex */
             tabIndex={0}
@@ -72,8 +72,7 @@ export default function CodeBlock({
               styles.codeBlockContainer,
               blockClassName,
               ThemeClassNames.common.codeBlock,
-            )}
-            style={style}>
+            )}>
             <code className={styles.codeBlockLines}>{children}</code>
           </pre>
         )}
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ export default function CodeBlock({
       theme={prismTheme}
       code={code}
       language={(language ?? 'text') as Language}>
-      {({className, style, tokens, getLineProps, getTokenProps}) => (
+      {({className, tokens, getLineProps, getTokenProps}) => (
         <div
           className={clsx(
             styles.codeBlockContainer,
@@ -111,11 +110,9 @@ export default function CodeBlock({
             ThemeClassNames.common.codeBlock,
           )}>
           {codeBlockTitle && (
-            <div style={style} className={styles.codeBlockTitle}>
-              {codeBlockTitle}
-            </div>
+            <div className={styles.codeBlockTitle}>{codeBlockTitle}</div>
           )}
-          <div className={styles.codeBlockContent} style={style}>
+          <div className={styles.codeBlockContent}>
             <pre
               /* eslint-disable-next-line jsx-a11y/no-noninteractive-tabindex */
               tabIndex={0}
diff --git a/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/styles.module.css b/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/styles.module.css
index 92a92bdd53c2..970367a7e601 100644
--- a/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/styles.module.css
+++ b/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/theme/CodeBlock/styles.module.css
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
  */
 
 .codeBlockContainer {
+  background: var(--prism-background-color);
+  color: var(--prism-color);
   margin-bottom: var(--ifm-leading);
   box-shadow: var(--ifm-global-shadow-lw);
   border-radius: var(--ifm-code-border-radius);
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@
 }
 
 .codeBlock {
-  --ifm-pre-background: inherit;
+  --ifm-pre-background: var(--prism-background-color);
   margin: 0;
   padding: 0;
 }
@@ -44,7 +46,6 @@
 
 .codeBlockLines {
   font: inherit;
-  background: var(--ifm-pre-background);
   /* rtl:ignore */
   float: left;
   min-width: 100%;
diff --git a/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/validateThemeConfig.ts b/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/validateThemeConfig.ts
index c1687093695d..70f28373cec4 100644
--- a/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/validateThemeConfig.ts
+++ b/packages/docusaurus-theme-classic/src/validateThemeConfig.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
  */
 
+import defaultPrismTheme from 'prism-react-renderer/themes/palenight';
 import {Joi, URISchema} from '@docusaurus/utils-validation';
 import type {
   ThemeConfig,
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ export const DEFAULT_CONFIG = {
   metadata: [],
   prism: {
     additionalLanguages: [],
+    theme: defaultPrismTheme,
   },
   navbar: {
     hideOnScroll: false,
@@ -335,7 +337,7 @@ export const ThemeConfigSchema = Joi.object({
     theme: Joi.object({
       plain: Joi.alternatives().try(Joi.array(), Joi.object()).required(),
       styles: Joi.alternatives().try(Joi.array(), Joi.object()).required(),
-    }),
+    }).default(DEFAULT_CONFIG.prism.theme),
     darkTheme: Joi.object({
       plain: Joi.alternatives().try(Joi.array(), Joi.object()).required(),
       styles: Joi.alternatives().try(Joi.array(), Joi.object()).required(),
diff --git a/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/contexts/colorMode.tsx b/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/contexts/colorMode.tsx
index ee7d4eb54f54..2d15d8a4b359 100644
--- a/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/contexts/colorMode.tsx
+++ b/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/contexts/colorMode.tsx
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ const storeColorMode = (newColorMode: ColorMode) => {
 
 function useContextValue(): ContextValue {
   const {
+    prism,
     colorMode: {defaultMode, disableSwitch, respectPrefersColorScheme},
   } = useThemeConfig();
   const [colorMode, setColorModeState] = useState(
@@ -75,7 +76,23 @@ function useContextValue(): ContextValue {
       'data-theme',
       coerceToColorMode(colorMode),
     );
-  }, [colorMode]);
+
+    // Add Prism's CSS variables
+    const root = window.document.documentElement;
+    const currentPrismTheme =
+      (colorMode === 'dark' ? prism.darkTheme : prism.theme) || prism.theme;
+
+    Object.entries(currentPrismTheme.plain).forEach(
+      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+      ([name, color]: [string, any]) => {
+        const cssVarName = `--prism-${name.replace(
+          /[a-z][A-Z\d]/g,
+          (m) => `${m[0]}-${m[1]!.toLowerCase()}`,
+        )}`;
+        root.style.setProperty(cssVarName, color);
+      },
+    );
+  }, [colorMode, prism.theme, prism.darkTheme]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (disableSwitch) {
diff --git a/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/hooks/usePrismTheme.ts b/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/hooks/usePrismTheme.ts
index bb8034657baa..b791d3119414 100644
--- a/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/hooks/usePrismTheme.ts
+++ b/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/hooks/usePrismTheme.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
  * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
  */
 
-import defaultTheme from 'prism-react-renderer/themes/palenight';
+import type {PrismTheme} from 'prism-react-renderer';
 import {useColorMode} from '../contexts/colorMode';
 import {useThemeConfig} from '../utils/useThemeConfig';
 
@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ import {useThemeConfig} from '../utils/useThemeConfig';
  * Returns a color-mode-dependent Prism theme: whatever the user specified in
  * the config. Falls back to `palenight`.
  */
-export function usePrismTheme(): typeof defaultTheme {
+export function usePrismTheme(): PrismTheme {
   const {prism} = useThemeConfig();
   const {colorMode} = useColorMode();
-  const lightModeTheme = prism.theme || defaultTheme;
+  const lightModeTheme = prism.theme;
   const darkModeTheme = prism.darkTheme || lightModeTheme;
   const prismTheme = colorMode === 'dark' ? darkModeTheme : lightModeTheme;
 
diff --git a/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/utils/useThemeConfig.ts b/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/utils/useThemeConfig.ts
index 684b573b96cf..9a944c433bbe 100644
--- a/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/utils/useThemeConfig.ts
+++ b/packages/docusaurus-theme-common/src/utils/useThemeConfig.ts
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ export type AnnouncementBarConfig = {
 };
 
 export type PrismConfig = {
-  theme?: PrismTheme;
+  theme: PrismTheme;
   darkTheme?: PrismTheme;
   defaultLanguage?: string;
   additionalLanguages: string[];