Reduce size of local Docker images by fixing .dockerignore patterns

[NevilleS]

Code Changes

• Fix .dockerignore paths to ignore subdirectories

Steps to Confirm

• Run nox -s test_env to confirm everything builds as expected and runs nicely

Pre-Merge Checklist

• All CI Pipelines Succeeded
• Documentation:
  • documentation complete, PR opened in fidesdocs
  • documentation issue created in fidesdocs
• Issue Requirements are Met
• Relevant Follow-Up Issues Created
• Update CHANGELOG.md

Description Of Changes

We've all noticed that our local Docker development is slow, resource-intensive, and requires a lot of rebuilding (and often lots of cleaning out Docker files!).

In my own local testing I inspected the size of my local dev image and was pretty shocked that it was 2.3 GB! After some tinkering and troubleshooting I realized that all the local build artifacts from both Python (e.g. *.pyc files) and NextJS (e.g. .next/) were getting copied into the local image, which has at least two painful consequences:

1. Bloats the size of the dev images locally, which increases RAM utilization, eats up Docker disk space, and generally slows down performance
2. Busts the cache of the COPY . fides/ command in the webserver build, forcing unnecessary rebuilds

The culprit here is just that the .dockerignore patterns are relative to the Dockerfile... so .next or *.pyc only ignore those folders/files in the root of the repo. Changing these to **/.next correctly ignores these from all the subdirectories.

Here's the before/after of docker image ls ethyca/fides:local on my machine:

Before (Neville's Machine)	After
2.31 GB	1.31 GB

I don't think this'll have a massive benefit on CI builds, since those won't have those types of local build artifacts lying around, but I suspect this'll be a subtle boost to local development. Hard to quantify exactly how much it'll help yet...