diff --git a/raft/raft_test.go b/raft/raft_test.go
index 5f45ea7fe904..d87d53e6b6fa 100644
--- a/raft/raft_test.go
+++ b/raft/raft_test.go
@@ -420,6 +420,19 @@ func TestLearnerPromotion(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestLearnerCannotVote checks that a learner can't vote even it receives a valid Vote request.
+func TestLearnerCannotVote(t *testing.T) {
+	n2 := newTestLearnerRaft(2, []uint64{1}, []uint64{2}, 10, 1, NewMemoryStorage())
+
+	n2.becomeFollower(1, None)
+
+	n2.Step(pb.Message{From: 1, To: 2, Term: 2, Type: pb.MsgVote, LogTerm: 11, Index: 11})
+
+	if len(n2.msgs) != 0 {
+		t.Error("n2 is learner, can't vote")
+	}
+}
+
 func TestLeaderCycle(t *testing.T) {
 	testLeaderCycle(t, false)
 }
@@ -672,6 +685,48 @@ func TestLogReplication(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestLearnerLogReplication tests that a learner can receive entries from the leader.
+func TestLearnerLogReplication(t *testing.T) {
+	n1 := newTestLearnerRaft(1, []uint64{1}, []uint64{2}, 10, 1, NewMemoryStorage())
+	n2 := newTestLearnerRaft(2, []uint64{1}, []uint64{2}, 10, 1, NewMemoryStorage())
+
+	nt := newNetwork(n1, n2)
+
+	n1.becomeFollower(1, None)
+	n2.becomeFollower(1, None)
+
+	setRandomizedElectionTimeout(n1, n1.electionTimeout)
+	for i := 0; i < n1.electionTimeout; i++ {
+		n1.tick()
+	}
+
+	nt.send(pb.Message{From: 1, To: 1, Type: pb.MsgBeat})
+
+	// n1 is leader and n2 is learner
+	if n1.state != StateLeader {
+		t.Errorf("peer 1 state: %s, want %s", n1.state, StateLeader)
+	}
+
+	if !n2.isLearner {
+		t.Error("peer 2 is not learner, want yes")
+	}
+
+	nextCommitted := n1.raftLog.committed + 1
+	nt.send(pb.Message{From: 1, To: 1, Type: pb.MsgProp, Entries: []pb.Entry{{Data: []byte("somedata")}}})
+	if n1.raftLog.committed != nextCommitted {
+		t.Errorf("peer 1 wants committed to %d, but still %d", nextCommitted, n1.raftLog.committed)
+	}
+
+	if n1.raftLog.committed != n2.raftLog.committed {
+		t.Error("peer 2 must receive the entry from leader, but not")
+	}
+
+	match := n1.getProgress(2).Match
+	if match != n2.raftLog.committed {
+		t.Errorf("progresss 2 of leader 1 wants match %d, but got %d", n2.raftLog.committed, match)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestSingleNodeCommit(t *testing.T) {
 	tt := newNetwork(nil)
 	tt.send(pb.Message{From: 1, To: 1, Type: pb.MsgHup})
@@ -2489,6 +2544,39 @@ func TestRestoreLearnerPromotion(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestLearnerReceiveSnapshot tests that a learner can receive a snpahost from leader
+func TestLearnerReceiveSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
+	// restore the state machine from a snapshot so it has a compacted log and a snapshot
+	s := pb.Snapshot{
+		Metadata: pb.SnapshotMetadata{
+			Index:     11, // magic number
+			Term:      11, // magic number
+			ConfState: pb.ConfState{Nodes: []uint64{1}, Learners: []uint64{2}},
+		},
+	}
+
+	n1 := newTestLearnerRaft(1, []uint64{1}, []uint64{2}, 10, 1, NewMemoryStorage())
+	n2 := newTestLearnerRaft(2, []uint64{1}, []uint64{2}, 10, 1, NewMemoryStorage())
+
+	n1.restore(s)
+
+	// Force set n1 appplied index.
+	n1.raftLog.appliedTo(n1.raftLog.committed)
+
+	nt := newNetwork(n1, n2)
+
+	setRandomizedElectionTimeout(n1, n1.electionTimeout)
+	for i := 0; i < n1.electionTimeout; i++ {
+		n1.tick()
+	}
+
+	nt.send(pb.Message{From: 1, To: 1, Type: pb.MsgBeat})
+
+	if n2.raftLog.committed != n1.raftLog.committed {
+		t.Errorf("peer 2 must commit to %d, but %d", n1.raftLog.committed, n2.raftLog.committed)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestRestoreIgnoreSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
 	previousEnts := []pb.Entry{{Term: 1, Index: 1}, {Term: 1, Index: 2}, {Term: 1, Index: 3}}
 	commit := uint64(1)
@@ -2732,6 +2820,7 @@ func TestAddNode(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestAddLearner tests that addLearner could update pendingConf and nodes correctly.
 func TestAddLearner(t *testing.T) {
 	r := newTestRaft(1, []uint64{1}, 10, 1, NewMemoryStorage())
 	r.pendingConf = true
@@ -2806,6 +2895,27 @@ func TestRemoveNode(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestRemoveLearner tests that removeNode could update pendingConf, nodes and
+// and removed list correctly.
+func TestRemoveLearner(t *testing.T) {
+	r := newTestLearnerRaft(1, []uint64{1}, []uint64{2}, 10, 1, NewMemoryStorage())
+	r.pendingConf = true
+	r.removeNode(2)
+	if r.pendingConf {
+		t.Errorf("pendingConf = %v, want false", r.pendingConf)
+	}
+	w := []uint64{1}
+	if g := r.nodes(); !reflect.DeepEqual(g, w) {
+		t.Errorf("nodes = %v, want %v", g, w)
+	}
+
+	// remove all nodes from cluster
+	r.removeNode(1)
+	w = []uint64{}
+	if g := r.nodes(); !reflect.DeepEqual(g, w) {
+		t.Errorf("nodes = %v, want %v", g, w)
+	}
+}
 func TestPromotable(t *testing.T) {
 	id := uint64(1)
 	tests := []struct {