Add reroute processor

docs/changelog/76511.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+pr: 76511
+summary: Add `reroute` processor
+area: Ingest Node
+type: enhancement
+issues: []

docs/reference/ingest/processors.asciidoc

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ include::processors/redact.asciidoc[]
 include::processors/registered-domain.asciidoc[]
 include::processors/remove.asciidoc[]
 include::processors/rename.asciidoc[]
+include::processors/reroute.asciidoc[]
 include::processors/script.asciidoc[]
 include::processors/set.asciidoc[]
 include::processors/set-security-user.asciidoc[]

docs/reference/ingest/processors/reroute.asciidoc

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+[[reroute-processor]]
+=== Reroute processor
+++++
+<titleabbrev>Reroute</titleabbrev>
+++++
+
+experimental::[]
+
+The `reroute` processor allows to route a document to another target index or data stream.
+It has two main modes:
+
+When setting the `destination` option, the target is explicitly specified and the `dataset` and `namespace` options can't be set.
+
+When the `destination` option is not set, this processor is in a data stream mode.
+Note that in this mode, the `reroute` processor can only be used on data streams that follow the {fleet-guide}/data-streams.html#data-streams-naming-scheme[data stream naming scheme].
+Trying to use this processor on a data stream with a non-compliant name will raise an exception.
+
+The name of a data stream consists of three parts: `<type>-<dataset>-<namespace>`.
+See the {fleet-guide}/data-streams.html#data-streams-naming-scheme[data stream naming scheme] documentation for more details.
+
+This processor can use both static values or reference fields from the document to determine the `dataset` and `namespace` components of the new target.
+See <<reroute-options>> for more details.
+
+NOTE: It's not possible to change the `type` of the data stream with the `reroute` processor.
+
+After a `reroute` processor has been executed, all the other processors of the current pipeline are skipped, including the final pipeline.
+If the current pipeline is executed in the context of a <<pipeline-processor>>, the calling pipeline will be skipped, too.
+This means that at most one `reroute` processor is ever executed within a pipeline,
+allowing to define mutually exclusive routing conditions,
+similar to a if, else-if, else-if, … condition.
+
+The reroute processor ensures that the `data_stream.<type|dataset|namespace>` fields are set according to the new target.
+If the document contains a `event.dataset` value, it will be updated to reflect the same value as `data_stream.dataset`.
+
+Note that the client needs to have permissions to the final target.
+Otherwise, the document will be rejected with a security exception which looks like this:
+
+[source,js]
+--------------------------------------------------
+{"type":"security_exception","reason":"action [indices:admin/auto_create] is unauthorized for API key id [8-dt9H8BqGblnY2uSI--] of user [elastic/fleet-server] on indices [logs-foo-default], this action is granted by the index privileges [auto_configure,create_index,manage,all]"}
+--------------------------------------------------
+// NOTCONSOLE
+
+[[reroute-options]]
+.Reroute options
+[options="header"]
+|======
+| Name          | Required  | Default                      | Description
+| `destination` | no        | -                            | A static value for the target. Can't be set when the `dataset` or `namespace` option is set.
+| `dataset`     | no        | `{{data_stream.dataset}}`   a| Field references or a static value for the dataset part of the data stream name. In addition to the criteria for <<indices-create-api-path-params, index names>>, cannot contain `-` and must be no longer than 100 characters. Example values are `nginx.access` and `nginx.error`.
+
+Supports field references with a mustache-like syntax (denoted as `{{double}}` or `{{{triple}}}` curly braces). When resolving field references, the processor replaces invalid characters with `_`. Uses the `<dataset>` part of the index name as a fallback if all field references resolve to a `null`, missing, or non-string value.
+| `namespace`   | no        | `{{data_stream.namespace}}` a| Field references or a static value for the namespace part of the data stream name. See the criteria for <<indices-create-api-path-params, index names>> for allowed characters. Must be no longer than 100 characters.
+
+Supports field references with a mustache-like syntax (denoted as `{{double}}` or `{{{triple}}}` curly braces). When resolving field references, the processor replaces invalid characters with `_`. Uses the `<namespace>` part of the index name as a fallback if all field references resolve to a `null`, missing, or non-string value.
+include::common-options.asciidoc[]
+|======
+
+The `if` option can be used to define the condition in which the document should be rerouted to a new target.
+
+[source,js]
+--------------------------------------------------
+{
+  "reroute": {
+    "tag": "nginx",
+    "if" : "ctx?.log?.file?.path?.contains('nginx')",
+    "dataset": "nginx"
+  }
+}
+--------------------------------------------------
+// NOTCONSOLE
+
+The dataset and namespace options can contain either a single value or a list of values that are used as a fallback.
+If a field reference evaluates to `null`, is not present in the document, or if the value is not a `String`, the next value or field reference is used.
+
+In the following example, the processor would first try to resolve the value for the `service.name` field to determine the value for `dataset`.
+If that field resolves to `null`, is missing, or is a non-string value, it would try the next element in the list.
+In this case, this is the static value `"generic`".
+The `namespace` option is configured with just a single static value.
+
+[source,js]
+--------------------------------------------------
+{
+  "reroute": {
+    "dataset": [
+        "{{service.name}}",
+        "generic"
+    ],
+    "namespace": "default"
+  }
+}
+--------------------------------------------------
+// NOTCONSOLE

modules/ingest-common/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/ingest/common/IngestCommonPlugin.java

@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ public Map<String, Processor.Factory> getProcessors(Processor.Parameters paramet
             entry(RegisteredDomainProcessor.TYPE, new RegisteredDomainProcessor.Factory()),
             entry(RemoveProcessor.TYPE, new RemoveProcessor.Factory(parameters.scriptService)),
             entry(RenameProcessor.TYPE, new RenameProcessor.Factory(parameters.scriptService)),
+            entry(RerouteProcessor.TYPE, new RerouteProcessor.Factory()),
             entry(ScriptProcessor.TYPE, new ScriptProcessor.Factory(parameters.scriptService)),
             entry(SetProcessor.TYPE, new SetProcessor.Factory(parameters.scriptService)),
             entry(SortProcessor.TYPE, new SortProcessor.Factory()),

modules/ingest-common/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/ingest/common/RerouteProcessor.java

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Elasticsearch B.V. and/or licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements. Licensed under the Elastic License
+ * 2.0 and the Server Side Public License, v 1; you may not use this file except
+ * in compliance with, at your election, the Elastic License 2.0 or the Server
+ * Side Public License, v 1.
+ */
+
+package org.elasticsearch.ingest.common;
+
+import org.elasticsearch.core.Nullable;
+import org.elasticsearch.ingest.AbstractProcessor;
+import org.elasticsearch.ingest.ConfigurationUtils;
+import org.elasticsearch.ingest.IngestDocument;
+import org.elasticsearch.ingest.Processor;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+import static org.elasticsearch.core.Strings.format;
+import static org.elasticsearch.ingest.ConfigurationUtils.newConfigurationException;
+import static org.elasticsearch.ingest.common.RerouteProcessor.DataStreamValueSource.DATASET_VALUE_SOURCE;
+import static org.elasticsearch.ingest.common.RerouteProcessor.DataStreamValueSource.NAMESPACE_VALUE_SOURCE;
+
+public final class RerouteProcessor extends AbstractProcessor {
+
+    public static final String TYPE = "reroute";
+
+    private static final String NAMING_SCHEME_ERROR_MESSAGE =
+        "invalid data stream name: [%s]; must follow naming scheme <type>-<dataset>-<namespace>";
+
+    private static final String DATA_STREAM_PREFIX = "data_stream.";
+    private static final String DATA_STREAM_TYPE = DATA_STREAM_PREFIX + "type";
+    private static final String DATA_STREAM_DATASET = DATA_STREAM_PREFIX + "dataset";
+    private static final String DATA_STREAM_NAMESPACE = DATA_STREAM_PREFIX + "namespace";
+    private static final String EVENT_DATASET = "event.dataset";
+    private static final int MAX_LENGTH = 100;
+    private static final char REPLACEMENT_CHAR = '_';
+    private final List<DataStreamValueSource> dataset;
+    private final List<DataStreamValueSource> namespace;
+    private final String destination;
+
+    RerouteProcessor(
+        String tag,
+        String description,
+        List<DataStreamValueSource> dataset,
+        List<DataStreamValueSource> namespace,
+        String destination
+    ) {
+        super(tag, description);
+        if (dataset.isEmpty()) {
+            this.dataset = List.of(DATASET_VALUE_SOURCE);
+        } else {
+            this.dataset = dataset;
+        }
+        if (namespace.isEmpty()) {
+            this.namespace = List.of(NAMESPACE_VALUE_SOURCE);
+        } else {
+            this.namespace = namespace;
+        }
+        this.destination = destination;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public IngestDocument execute(IngestDocument ingestDocument) throws Exception {
+        if (destination != null) {
+            ingestDocument.reroute(destination);
+            return ingestDocument;
+        }
+        final String indexName = ingestDocument.getFieldValue(IngestDocument.Metadata.INDEX.getFieldName(), String.class);
+        final String type;
+        final String currentDataset;
+        final String currentNamespace;
+
+        // parse out the <type>-<dataset>-<namespace> components from _index
+        int indexOfFirstDash = indexName.indexOf('-');
+        if (indexOfFirstDash < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(format(NAMING_SCHEME_ERROR_MESSAGE, indexName));
+        }
+        int indexOfSecondDash = indexName.indexOf('-', indexOfFirstDash + 1);
+        if (indexOfSecondDash < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(format(NAMING_SCHEME_ERROR_MESSAGE, indexName));
+        }
+        type = parseDataStreamType(indexName, indexOfFirstDash);
+        currentDataset = parseDataStreamDataset(indexName, indexOfFirstDash, indexOfSecondDash);
+        currentNamespace = parseDataStreamNamespace(indexName, indexOfSecondDash);
+
+        String dataset = determineDataStreamField(ingestDocument, this.dataset, currentDataset);
+        String namespace = determineDataStreamField(ingestDocument, this.namespace, currentNamespace);
+        String newTarget = type + "-" + dataset + "-" + namespace;
+        ingestDocument.reroute(newTarget);
+        ingestDocument.setFieldValue(DATA_STREAM_TYPE, type);
+        ingestDocument.setFieldValue(DATA_STREAM_DATASET, dataset);
+        ingestDocument.setFieldValue(DATA_STREAM_NAMESPACE, namespace);
+        if (ingestDocument.hasField(EVENT_DATASET)) {
+            // ECS specifies that "event.dataset should have the same value as data_stream.dataset"
+            // not eagerly set event.dataset but only if the doc contains it already to ensure it's consistent with data_stream.dataset
+            ingestDocument.setFieldValue(EVENT_DATASET, dataset);
+        }
+        return ingestDocument;
+    }
+
+    private static String parseDataStreamType(String dataStreamName, int indexOfFirstDash) {
+        return dataStreamName.substring(0, indexOfFirstDash);
+    }
+
+    private static String parseDataStreamDataset(String dataStreamName, int indexOfFirstDash, int indexOfSecondDash) {
+        return dataStreamName.substring(indexOfFirstDash + 1, indexOfSecondDash);
+    }
+
+    private static String parseDataStreamNamespace(String dataStreamName, int indexOfSecondDash) {
+        return dataStreamName.substring(indexOfSecondDash + 1);
+    }
+
+    private String determineDataStreamField(
+        IngestDocument ingestDocument,
+        List<DataStreamValueSource> valueSources,
+        String fallbackFromCurrentTarget
+    ) {
+        // first try to get value from the configured dataset/namespace field references
+        // if this contains a static value rather than a field reference, this is guaranteed to return
+        for (DataStreamValueSource value : valueSources) {
+            String result = value.resolve(ingestDocument);
+            if (result != null) {
+                return result;
+            }
+        }
+        // use the dataset/namespace value we parsed out from the current target (_index) as a fallback
+        return fallbackFromCurrentTarget;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getType() {
+        return TYPE;
+    }
+
+    List<DataStreamValueSource> getDataStreamDataset() {
+        return dataset;
+    }
+
+    List<DataStreamValueSource> getDataStreamNamespace() {
+        return namespace;
+    }
+
+    String getDestination() {
+        return destination;
+    }
+
+    public static final class Factory implements Processor.Factory {
+
+        @Override
+        public RerouteProcessor create(
+            Map<String, Processor.Factory> processorFactories,
+            String tag,
+            String description,
+            Map<String, Object> config
+        ) throws Exception {
+            List<DataStreamValueSource> dataset;
+            try {
+                dataset = ConfigurationUtils.readOptionalListOrString(TYPE, tag, config, "dataset")
+                    .stream()
+                    .map(DataStreamValueSource::dataset)
+                    .toList();
+            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                throw newConfigurationException(TYPE, tag, "dataset", e.getMessage());
+            }
+            List<DataStreamValueSource> namespace;
+            try {
+                namespace = ConfigurationUtils.readOptionalListOrString(TYPE, tag, config, "namespace")
+                    .stream()
+                    .map(DataStreamValueSource::namespace)
+                    .toList();
+            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                throw newConfigurationException(TYPE, tag, "namespace", e.getMessage());
+            }
+
+            String destination = ConfigurationUtils.readOptionalStringProperty(TYPE, tag, config, "destination");
+            if (destination != null && (dataset.isEmpty() == false || namespace.isEmpty() == false)) {
+                throw newConfigurationException(TYPE, tag, "destination", "can only be set if dataset and namespace are not set");
+            }
+
+            return new RerouteProcessor(tag, description, dataset, namespace, destination);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Contains either a {{field reference}} or a static value for a dataset or a namespace field
+     */
+    static final class DataStreamValueSource {
+
+        private static final char[] DISALLOWED_IN_DATASET = new char[] { '\\', '/', '*', '?', '"', '<', '>', '|', ' ', ',', '#', ':', '-' };
+        private static final char[] DISALLOWED_IN_NAMESPACE = new char[] { '\\', '/', '*', '?', '"', '<', '>', '|', ' ', ',', '#', ':' };
+        static final DataStreamValueSource DATASET_VALUE_SOURCE = dataset("{{" + DATA_STREAM_DATASET + "}}");
+        static final DataStreamValueSource NAMESPACE_VALUE_SOURCE = namespace("{{" + DATA_STREAM_NAMESPACE + "}}");
+
+        private final String value;
+        private final String fieldReference;
+        private final Function<String, String> sanitizer;
+
+        public static DataStreamValueSource dataset(String dataset) {
+            return new DataStreamValueSource(dataset, ds -> sanitizeDataStreamField(ds, DISALLOWED_IN_DATASET));
+        }
+
+        public static DataStreamValueSource namespace(String namespace) {
+            return new DataStreamValueSource(namespace, nsp -> sanitizeDataStreamField(nsp, DISALLOWED_IN_NAMESPACE));
+        }
+
+        private static String sanitizeDataStreamField(String s, char[] disallowedInDataset) {
+            if (s == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            s = s.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT);
+            s = s.substring(0, Math.min(s.length(), MAX_LENGTH));
+            for (char c : disallowedInDataset) {
+                s = s.replace(c, REPLACEMENT_CHAR);
+            }
+            return s;
+        }
+
+        private DataStreamValueSource(String value, Function<String, String> sanitizer) {
+            this.sanitizer = sanitizer;
+            this.value = value;
+            if (value.contains("{{") || value.contains("}}")) {
+                if (value.startsWith("{{") == false || value.endsWith("}}") == false) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("'" + value + "' is not a valid field reference");
+                }
+                String fieldReference = value.substring(2, value.length() - 2);
+                // field references may have two or three curly braces
+                if (fieldReference.startsWith("{") && fieldReference.endsWith("}")) {
+                    fieldReference = fieldReference.substring(1, fieldReference.length() - 1);
+                }
+                // only a single field reference is allowed
+                // so something like this is disallowed: {{foo}}-{{bar}}
+                if (fieldReference.contains("{") || fieldReference.contains("}")) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("'" + value + "' is not a valid field reference");
+                }
+                this.fieldReference = fieldReference;
+            } else {
+                this.fieldReference = null;
+                if (Objects.equals(sanitizer.apply(value), value) == false) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("'" + value + "' contains disallowed characters");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Resolves the field reference from the provided ingest document or returns the static value if this value source doesn't represent
+         * a field reference.
+         * @param ingestDocument
+         * @return the resolved field reference or static value
+         */
+        @Nullable
+        public String resolve(IngestDocument ingestDocument) {
+            if (fieldReference != null) {
+                try {
+                    return sanitizer.apply(ingestDocument.getFieldValue(fieldReference, String.class, true));
+                } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                    // thrown if fieldReference refers to something that isn't a String
+                    return null;
+                }
+            } else {
+                return value;
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return value;
+        }
+    }
+}