Investigate enabling golangci-lint in CI/make check

[axw]

I ran golangci-lint locally, and there were some good findings which resulted in #6857. There was also some noise, e.g. related to not checking error return on bytes.Buffer.Write calls which will only error under pathological conditions.

We should investigate using golangci-lint, perhaps with some code excluded: tests, and certain code such as described above. We should consider retiring reviewdog at the same time.

[axw]

We can alternatively expand our use of staticcheck, and still get rid of golint. Maybe we also want golangci-lint, or perhaps we should just cherry-pick the specific linters/checks we want to use.

[axw]

We ended up expanding our use of staticcheck: #8680