diff --git a/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/AbstractIatpConsumerPullTest.java b/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/AbstractIatpConsumerPullTest.java
index 09b35a8b9..0d65bb858 100644
--- a/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/AbstractIatpConsumerPullTest.java
+++ b/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/AbstractIatpConsumerPullTest.java
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ArgumentsSource;
 import org.mockserver.verify.VerificationTimes;
 
-import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.URI;
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
@@ -177,7 +176,7 @@ void transferData_whenContractPolicyFulfilled(JsonObject contractPolicy, String
     @DisplayName("Contract policy is NOT fulfilled")
     @ParameterizedTest(name = "{1}")
     @ArgumentsSource(InvalidContractPolicyProvider.class)
-    void transferData_whenContractPolicyNotFulfilled(JsonObject contractPolicy, String description) throws IOException {
+    void transferData_whenContractPolicyNotFulfilled(JsonObject contractPolicy, String description) {
         var assetId = "api-asset-1";
 
         var authCodeHeaderName = "test-authkey";
@@ -230,7 +229,7 @@ void catalogRequest_whenCredentialExpired() {
 
         var did = SOKRATES.getDid();
         var bpn = SOKRATES.getBpn();
-        var newRawVc = createVcBuilder(DATASPACE_ISSUER_PARTICIPANT.didUrl(), "MembershipCredential", () -> membershipSubject(did, bpn));
+        var newRawVc = createVcBuilder(DATASPACE_ISSUER_PARTICIPANT.didUrl(), "MembershipCredential", membershipSubject(did, bpn));
         newRawVc.add("expirationDate", expirationDate.toString());
 
         var newVcString = DATASPACE_ISSUER_PARTICIPANT.createLdpVc(jsonLd, newRawVc.build());
@@ -285,7 +284,7 @@ void catalogRequest_whenCredentialRevoked() {
 
         var did = SOKRATES.getDid();
         var bpn = SOKRATES.getBpn();
-        var newRawVc = createVcBuilder(DATASPACE_ISSUER_PARTICIPANT.didUrl(), "MembershipCredential", () -> membershipSubject(did, bpn));
+        var newRawVc = createVcBuilder(DATASPACE_ISSUER_PARTICIPANT.didUrl(), "MembershipCredential", membershipSubject(did, bpn));
         newRawVc.add("credentialStatus", Json.createObjectBuilder()
                 .add("id", "http://localhost:%d/status/list/7#12345".formatted(port))
                 .add("type", "StatusList2021Entry")
diff --git a/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/iatp/harness/DataspaceIssuer.java b/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/iatp/harness/DataspaceIssuer.java
index ce4e6ad39..918fa59aa 100644
--- a/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/iatp/harness/DataspaceIssuer.java
+++ b/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/iatp/harness/DataspaceIssuer.java
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public String verificationId() {
         return DATASPACE_ISSUER + "#" + getKeyId();
     }
 
-    public VerifiableCredentialResource issueCredential(String did, String bpn, JsonLd jsonLd, String type, Supplier<CredentialSubject> credentialSubjectSupplier, Supplier<JsonObject> subjectSupplier) {
+    public VerifiableCredentialResource issueCredential(String did, String bpn, JsonLd jsonLd, String type, Supplier<CredentialSubject> credentialSubjectSupplier, JsonObject subjectSupplier) {
         var credential = VerifiableCredential.Builder.newInstance()
                 .type(type)
                 .credentialSubject(credentialSubjectSupplier.get())
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public VerifiableCredentialResource issueMembershipCredential(String did, String
         return issueCredential(did, bpn, jsonLd, "MembershipCredential", () -> CredentialSubject.Builder.newInstance()
                         .claim("holderIdentifier", bpn)
                         .build(),
-                () -> membershipSubject(did, bpn));
+                membershipSubject(did, bpn));
     }
 
     public VerifiableCredentialResource issueDismantlerCredential(String did, String bpn, JsonLd jsonLd) {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public VerifiableCredentialResource issueDismantlerCredential(String did, String
                         .claim("activityType", "vehicleDismantle")
                         .claim("allowedVehicleBrands", List.of("Moskvich", "Lada"))
                         .build(),
-                () -> Json.createObjectBuilder()
+                Json.createObjectBuilder()
                         .add("type", "DismantlerCredential")
                         .add("holderIdentifier", bpn)
                         .add("activityType", "vehicleDismantle")
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ public VerifiableCredentialResource issueFrameworkCredential(String did, String
         return issueCredential(did, bpn, jsonLd, credentialType, () -> CredentialSubject.Builder.newInstance()
                         .claim("holderIdentifier", bpn)
                         .build(),
-                () -> frameworkAgreementSubject(did, bpn, credentialType));
+                frameworkAgreementSubject(did, bpn, credentialType));
 
     }
 
diff --git a/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/iatp/harness/IatpHelperFunctions.java b/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/iatp/harness/IatpHelperFunctions.java
index 7ca0b8e9b..f38d6b265 100644
--- a/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/iatp/harness/IatpHelperFunctions.java
+++ b/edc-tests/edc-controlplane/iatp-tests/src/test/java/org/eclipse/tractusx/edc/tests/transfer/iatp/harness/IatpHelperFunctions.java
@@ -37,19 +37,18 @@
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.function.Supplier;
 
 public class IatpHelperFunctions {
-    public static JsonObject createVc(String issuer, String type, Supplier<JsonObject> subjectSupplier) {
+    public static JsonObject createVc(String issuer, String type, JsonObject subjectSupplier) {
         return createVcBuilder(issuer, type, subjectSupplier)
                 .build();
     }
 
-    public static JsonObjectBuilder createVcBuilder(String issuer, String type, Supplier<JsonObject> subjectSupplier) {
+    public static JsonObjectBuilder createVcBuilder(String issuer, String type, JsonObject subjectSupplier) {
         return Json.createObjectBuilder()
                 .add("@context", context())
                 .add("type", types(type))
-                .add("credentialSubject", subjectSupplier.get())
+                .add("credentialSubject", subjectSupplier)
                 .add("issuer", issuer)
                 .add("issuanceDate", Instant.now().toString());
     }