diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/node/Node.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/node/Node.java
index 6c09d3c32f286..5b4d122a5ef6d 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/node/Node.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/node/Node.java
@@ -1157,7 +1157,8 @@ protected Node(
                 searchModule.getFetchPhase(),
                 responseCollectorService,
                 circuitBreakerService,
-                searchModule.getIndexSearcherExecutor(threadPool)
+                searchModule.getIndexSearcherExecutor(threadPool),
+                tracer
             );
 
             final List<PersistentTasksExecutor<?>> tasksExecutors = pluginsService.filterPlugins(PersistentTaskPlugin.class)
@@ -1791,7 +1792,8 @@ protected SearchService newSearchService(
         FetchPhase fetchPhase,
         ResponseCollectorService responseCollectorService,
         CircuitBreakerService circuitBreakerService,
-        Executor indexSearcherExecutor
+        Executor indexSearcherExecutor,
+        Tracer tracer
     ) {
         return new SearchService(
             clusterService,
@@ -1803,7 +1805,8 @@ protected SearchService newSearchService(
             fetchPhase,
             responseCollectorService,
             circuitBreakerService,
-            indexSearcherExecutor
+            indexSearcherExecutor,
+            tracer
         );
     }
 
diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/SearchService.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/SearchService.java
index 2c85fcbb25f35..f821d65afa097 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/SearchService.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/SearchService.java
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.common.settings.Settings;
 import org.opensearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
 import org.opensearch.common.util.BigArrays;
+import org.opensearch.common.util.FeatureFlags;
 import org.opensearch.common.util.concurrent.ConcurrentCollections;
 import org.opensearch.common.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMapLong;
 import org.opensearch.common.util.io.IOUtils;
@@ -84,6 +85,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.index.query.QueryRewriteContext;
 import org.opensearch.index.query.QueryShardContext;
 import org.opensearch.index.query.Rewriteable;
+import org.opensearch.index.search.stats.ShardSearchStats;
 import org.opensearch.index.shard.IndexEventListener;
 import org.opensearch.index.shard.IndexShard;
 import org.opensearch.index.shard.SearchOperationListener;
@@ -135,6 +137,9 @@
 import org.opensearch.search.sort.SortOrder;
 import org.opensearch.search.suggest.Suggest;
 import org.opensearch.search.suggest.completion.CompletionSuggestion;
+import org.opensearch.telemetry.tracing.Span;
+import org.opensearch.telemetry.tracing.SpanBuilder;
+import org.opensearch.telemetry.tracing.Tracer;
 import org.opensearch.threadpool.Scheduler.Cancellable;
 import org.opensearch.threadpool.ThreadPool;
 import org.opensearch.threadpool.ThreadPool.Names;
@@ -158,6 +163,7 @@
 import static org.opensearch.common.unit.TimeValue.timeValueHours;
 import static org.opensearch.common.unit.TimeValue.timeValueMillis;
 import static org.opensearch.common.unit.TimeValue.timeValueMinutes;
+import static org.opensearch.common.util.FeatureFlags.TELEMETRY;
 
 /**
  * The main search service
@@ -318,6 +324,7 @@ public class SearchService extends AbstractLifecycleComponent implements IndexEv
     private final AtomicInteger openPitContexts = new AtomicInteger();
     private final String sessionId = UUIDs.randomBase64UUID();
     private final Executor indexSearcherExecutor;
+    private final Tracer tracer;
 
     public SearchService(
         ClusterService clusterService,
@@ -329,7 +336,8 @@ public SearchService(
         FetchPhase fetchPhase,
         ResponseCollectorService responseCollectorService,
         CircuitBreakerService circuitBreakerService,
-        Executor indexSearcherExecutor
+        Executor indexSearcherExecutor,
+        Tracer tracer
     ) {
         Settings settings = clusterService.getSettings();
         this.threadPool = threadPool;
@@ -346,6 +354,7 @@ public SearchService(
             circuitBreakerService.getBreaker(CircuitBreaker.REQUEST)
         );
         this.indexSearcherExecutor = indexSearcherExecutor;
+        this.tracer = tracer;
         TimeValue keepAliveInterval = KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL_SETTING.get(settings);
         setKeepAlives(DEFAULT_KEEPALIVE_SETTING.get(settings), MAX_KEEPALIVE_SETTING.get(settings));
         setPitKeepAlives(DEFAULT_KEEPALIVE_SETTING.get(settings), MAX_PIT_KEEPALIVE_SETTING.get(settings));
@@ -606,7 +615,7 @@ private SearchPhaseResult executeQueryPhase(ShardSearchRequest request, SearchSh
             SearchContext context = createContext(readerContext, request, task, true)
         ) {
             final long afterQueryTime;
-            try (SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(context)) {
+            try (SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(context, tracer)) {
                 loadOrExecuteQueryPhase(request, context);
                 if (context.queryResult().hasSearchContext() == false && readerContext.singleSession()) {
                     freeReaderContext(readerContext.id());
@@ -637,7 +646,7 @@ private SearchPhaseResult executeQueryPhase(ShardSearchRequest request, SearchSh
     }
 
     private QueryFetchSearchResult executeFetchPhase(ReaderContext reader, SearchContext context, long afterQueryTime) {
-        try (SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(context, true, afterQueryTime)) {
+        try (SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(context, tracer, true, afterQueryTime)) {
             shortcutDocIdsToLoad(context);
             fetchPhase.execute(context);
             if (reader.singleSession()) {
@@ -666,7 +675,7 @@ public void executeQueryPhase(
             final ShardSearchRequest shardSearchRequest = readerContext.getShardSearchRequest(null);
             try (
                 SearchContext searchContext = createContext(readerContext, shardSearchRequest, task, false);
-                SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(searchContext)
+                SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(searchContext, tracer)
             ) {
                 searchContext.searcher().setAggregatedDfs(readerContext.getAggregatedDfs(null));
                 processScroll(request, readerContext, searchContext);
@@ -690,7 +699,7 @@ public void executeQueryPhase(QuerySearchRequest request, SearchShardTask task,
             readerContext.setAggregatedDfs(request.dfs());
             try (
                 SearchContext searchContext = createContext(readerContext, shardSearchRequest, task, true);
-                SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(searchContext)
+                SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(searchContext, tracer)
             ) {
                 searchContext.searcher().setAggregatedDfs(request.dfs());
                 queryPhase.execute(searchContext);
@@ -745,7 +754,7 @@ public void executeFetchPhase(
             final ShardSearchRequest shardSearchRequest = readerContext.getShardSearchRequest(null);
             try (
                 SearchContext searchContext = createContext(readerContext, shardSearchRequest, task, false);
-                SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(searchContext)
+                SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(searchContext, tracer)
             ) {
                 searchContext.assignRescoreDocIds(readerContext.getRescoreDocIds(null));
                 searchContext.searcher().setAggregatedDfs(readerContext.getAggregatedDfs(null));
@@ -776,7 +785,12 @@ public void executeFetchPhase(ShardFetchRequest request, SearchShardTask task, A
                 searchContext.searcher().setAggregatedDfs(readerContext.getAggregatedDfs(request.getAggregatedDfs()));
                 searchContext.docIdsToLoad(request.docIds(), 0, request.docIdsSize());
                 try (
-                    SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(searchContext, true, System.nanoTime())
+                    SearchOperationListenerExecutor executor = new SearchOperationListenerExecutor(
+                        searchContext,
+                        tracer,
+                        true,
+                        System.nanoTime()
+                    )
                 ) {
                     fetchPhase.execute(searchContext);
                     if (readerContext.singleSession()) {
@@ -1168,10 +1182,10 @@ private void checkKeepAliveLimit(long keepAlive) {
         if (keepAlive > maxKeepAlive) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                 "Keep alive for request ("
-                    + TimeValue.timeValueMillis(keepAlive)
+                    + timeValueMillis(keepAlive)
                     + ") is too large. "
                     + "It must be less than ("
-                    + TimeValue.timeValueMillis(maxKeepAlive)
+                    + timeValueMillis(maxKeepAlive)
                     + "). "
                     + "This limit can be set by changing the ["
                     + MAX_KEEPALIVE_SETTING.getKey()
@@ -1187,10 +1201,10 @@ private void checkPitKeepAliveLimit(long keepAlive) {
         if (keepAlive > maxPitKeepAlive) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                 "Keep alive for request ("
-                    + TimeValue.timeValueMillis(keepAlive)
+                    + timeValueMillis(keepAlive)
                     + ") is too large. "
                     + "It must be less than ("
-                    + TimeValue.timeValueMillis(maxPitKeepAlive)
+                    + timeValueMillis(maxPitKeepAlive)
                     + "). "
                     + "This limit can be set by changing the ["
                     + MAX_PIT_KEEPALIVE_SETTING.getKey()
@@ -1352,7 +1366,7 @@ private void parseSource(DefaultSearchContext context, SearchSourceBuilder sourc
                         + "] index level setting."
                 );
             }
-            for (org.opensearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder.ScriptField field : source.scriptFields()) {
+            for (SearchSourceBuilder.ScriptField field : source.scriptFields()) {
                 FieldScript.Factory factory = scriptService.compile(field.script(), FieldScript.CONTEXT);
                 SearchLookup lookup = context.getQueryShardContext().lookup();
                 FieldScript.LeafFactory searchScript = factory.newFactory(field.script().getParams(), lookup);
@@ -1657,29 +1671,20 @@ public IndicesService getIndicesService() {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns a builder for {@link InternalAggregation.ReduceContext}. This
+     * Returns a builder for {@link ReduceContext}. This
      * builder retains a reference to the provided {@link SearchSourceBuilder}.
      */
     public InternalAggregation.ReduceContextBuilder aggReduceContextBuilder(SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder) {
         return new InternalAggregation.ReduceContextBuilder() {
             @Override
-            public InternalAggregation.ReduceContext forPartialReduction() {
-                return InternalAggregation.ReduceContext.forPartialReduction(
-                    bigArrays,
-                    scriptService,
-                    () -> requestToPipelineTree(searchSourceBuilder)
-                );
+            public ReduceContext forPartialReduction() {
+                return ReduceContext.forPartialReduction(bigArrays, scriptService, () -> requestToPipelineTree(searchSourceBuilder));
             }
 
             @Override
             public ReduceContext forFinalReduction() {
                 PipelineTree pipelineTree = requestToPipelineTree(searchSourceBuilder);
-                return InternalAggregation.ReduceContext.forFinalReduction(
-                    bigArrays,
-                    scriptService,
-                    multiBucketConsumerService.create(),
-                    pipelineTree
-                );
+                return ReduceContext.forFinalReduction(bigArrays, scriptService, multiBucketConsumerService.create(), pipelineTree);
             }
         };
     }
@@ -1728,7 +1733,7 @@ public MinAndMax<?> estimatedMinAndMax() {
 
     /**
      * This helper class ensures we only execute either the success or the failure path for {@link SearchOperationListener}.
-     * This is crucial for some implementations like {@link org.opensearch.index.search.stats.ShardSearchStats}.
+     * This is crucial for some implementations like {@link ShardSearchStats}.
      */
     private static final class SearchOperationListenerExecutor implements AutoCloseable {
         private final SearchOperationListener listener;
@@ -1737,20 +1742,28 @@ private static final class SearchOperationListenerExecutor implements AutoClosea
         private final boolean fetch;
         private long afterQueryTime = -1;
         private boolean closed = false;
+        private Span querySpan = null;
+        private Span fetchSpan = null;
 
-        SearchOperationListenerExecutor(SearchContext context) {
-            this(context, false, System.nanoTime());
+        SearchOperationListenerExecutor(SearchContext context, Tracer tracer) {
+            this(context, tracer, false, System.nanoTime());
         }
 
-        SearchOperationListenerExecutor(SearchContext context, boolean fetch, long startTime) {
+        SearchOperationListenerExecutor(SearchContext context, Tracer tracer, boolean fetch, long startTime) {
             this.listener = context.indexShard().getSearchOperationListener();
             this.context = context;
             time = startTime;
             this.fetch = fetch;
             if (fetch) {
                 listener.onPreFetchPhase(context);
+                if (FeatureFlags.isEnabled(TELEMETRY)) {
+                    fetchSpan = tracer.startSpan(SpanBuilder.from("shardFetch", context));
+                }
             } else {
                 listener.onPreQueryPhase(context);
+                if (FeatureFlags.isEnabled(TELEMETRY)) {
+                    querySpan = tracer.startSpan(SpanBuilder.from("shardQuery", context));
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -1766,14 +1779,26 @@ public void close() {
                 if (afterQueryTime != -1) {
                     if (fetch) {
                         listener.onFetchPhase(context, afterQueryTime - time);
+                        if (fetchSpan != null) {
+                            fetchSpan.endSpan();
+                        }
                     } else {
                         listener.onQueryPhase(context, afterQueryTime - time);
+                        if (querySpan != null) {
+                            querySpan.endSpan();
+                        }
                     }
                 } else {
                     if (fetch) {
                         listener.onFailedFetchPhase(context);
+                        if (fetchSpan != null) {
+                            fetchSpan.endSpan();
+                        }
                     } else {
                         listener.onFailedQueryPhase(context);
+                        if (querySpan != null) {
+                            querySpan.endSpan();
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/snapshots/SnapshotResiliencyTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/snapshots/SnapshotResiliencyTests.java
index cce051087eafa..f1868facba0f6 100644
--- a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/snapshots/SnapshotResiliencyTests.java
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/snapshots/SnapshotResiliencyTests.java
@@ -2279,7 +2279,8 @@ public void onFailure(final Exception e) {
                     new FetchPhase(Collections.emptyList()),
                     responseCollectorService,
                     new NoneCircuitBreakerService(),
-                    null
+                    null,
+                    NoopTracer.INSTANCE
                 );
                 SearchPhaseController searchPhaseController = new SearchPhaseController(
                     writableRegistry(),
diff --git a/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/node/MockNode.java b/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/node/MockNode.java
index e6c7e21d5b3ea..c3f36f44ed409 100644
--- a/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/node/MockNode.java
+++ b/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/node/MockNode.java
@@ -155,7 +155,8 @@ protected SearchService newSearchService(
         FetchPhase fetchPhase,
         ResponseCollectorService responseCollectorService,
         CircuitBreakerService circuitBreakerService,
-        Executor indexSearcherExecutor
+        Executor indexSearcherExecutor,
+        Tracer tracer
     ) {
         if (getPluginsService().filterPlugins(MockSearchService.TestPlugin.class).isEmpty()) {
             return super.newSearchService(
@@ -168,7 +169,8 @@ protected SearchService newSearchService(
                 fetchPhase,
                 responseCollectorService,
                 circuitBreakerService,
-                indexSearcherExecutor
+                indexSearcherExecutor,
+                tracer
             );
         }
         return new MockSearchService(
@@ -180,7 +182,8 @@ protected SearchService newSearchService(
             queryPhase,
             fetchPhase,
             circuitBreakerService,
-            indexSearcherExecutor
+            indexSearcherExecutor,
+            tracer
         );
     }
 
diff --git a/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/MockSearchService.java b/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/MockSearchService.java
index a0bbcb7be05f9..85a547239df10 100644
--- a/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/MockSearchService.java
+++ b/test/framework/src/main/java/org/opensearch/search/MockSearchService.java
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.search.fetch.FetchPhase;
 import org.opensearch.search.internal.ReaderContext;
 import org.opensearch.search.query.QueryPhase;
+import org.opensearch.telemetry.tracing.Tracer;
 import org.opensearch.threadpool.ThreadPool;
 
 import java.util.HashMap;
@@ -96,7 +97,8 @@ public MockSearchService(
         QueryPhase queryPhase,
         FetchPhase fetchPhase,
         CircuitBreakerService circuitBreakerService,
-        Executor indexSearcherExecutor
+        Executor indexSearcherExecutor,
+        Tracer tracer
     ) {
         super(
             clusterService,
@@ -108,7 +110,8 @@ public MockSearchService(
             fetchPhase,
             null,
             circuitBreakerService,
-            indexSearcherExecutor
+            indexSearcherExecutor,
+            tracer
         );
     }