VFS: Cannot open root device "vda1" or unknown-block(0,0): error -6

[yslys]

Hi, I followed the instructions to generate the disk image for QEMU but came across some errors while booting.

OpenSBI version: v0.8
Linux version: v5.10.0
U-Boot version: v2020.04
Disk image: pre-built Ubuntu Focal tarball with wget -O rootfs.tar.bz2 https://github.com/carlosedp/riscv-bringup/releases/download/v1.0/UbuntuFocal-riscv64-rootfs.tar.gz

While generating initrd on rootfs by using chroot, I got the following message:

perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
	LANGUAGE = (unset),
	LC_ALL = (unset),
	LC_CTYPE = "en_US.UTF-8",
	LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.10.0
W: Couldn't identify type of root file system for fsck hook

(Since I am not sure whether this is the cause to the problem, I would just paste it there.)

The command to boot the system I executed was:

qemu-system-riscv64 \
    -nographic \
    -machine virt \
    -smp 4 \
    -m 4G \
    -bios qemu-boot/opensbi/build/platform/generic/firmware/fw_jump.elf \
    -kernel qemu-boot/linux-5.10.0/arch/riscv/boot/Image \
    -append "console=ttyS0 root=/dev/vda1 rw" \
    -drive file=riscv64-QemuVM.qcow2,format=qcow2,id=hd0 \
    -object rng-random,filename=/dev/urandom,id=rng0 \
    -device virtio-rng-device,rng=rng0
    -device virtio-net-device,netdev=usernet \
    -netdev user,id=usernet,hostfwd=tcp::22222-:22

Below is the error message I got during boot: (The error message is shown on the last few lines.)

[    0.000000] Linux version 5.10.0 (yusen@ubuntu) (riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 11.1.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.37) #4 SMP Wed Mar 23 22:46:46 PDT 2022
[    0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[    0.000000] efi: UEFI not found.
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   DMA32    [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000ffffffff]
[    0.000000]   Normal   [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000017fffffff]
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x000000017fffffff]
[    0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x000000017fffffff]
[    0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0x00000000fbfff000-0x00000000fffff000] (64MB)
[    0.000000] SBI specification v0.2 detected
[    0.000000] SBI implementation ID=0x1 Version=0x8
[    0.000000] SBI v0.2 TIME extension detected
[    0.000000] SBI v0.2 IPI extension detected
[    0.000000] SBI v0.2 RFENCE extension detected
[    0.000000] SBI v0.2 HSM extension detected
[    0.000000] riscv: ISA extensions acdfimsu
[    0.000000] riscv: ELF capabilities acdfim
[    0.000000] percpu: Embedded 18 pages/cpu s33240 r8192 d32296 u73728
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 1031688
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0 root=/dev/vda1 rw
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 524288 (order: 10, 4194304 bytes, linear)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes, linear)
[    0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[    0.000000] mem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off
[    0.000000] Memory: 4034488K/4192256K available (8209K kernel code, 4931K rwdata, 4096K rodata, 240K init, 470K bss, 157768K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=4, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[    0.000000] rcu: 	RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=4.
[    0.000000] rcu: 	RCU debug extended QS entry/exit.
[    0.000000] 	Tracing variant of Tasks RCU enabled.
[    0.000000] rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 25 jiffies.
[    0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=4
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS: 64, nr_irqs: 64, preallocated irqs: 0
[    0.000000] riscv-intc: 64 local interrupts mapped
[    0.000000] plic: plic@c000000: mapped 53 interrupts with 4 handlers for 8 contexts.
[    0.000000] random: get_random_bytes called from start_kernel+0x310/0x482 with crng_init=0
[    0.000000] riscv_timer_init_dt: Registering clocksource cpuid [0] hartid [0]
[    0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x24e6a1710, max_idle_ns: 440795202120 ns
[    0.000082] sched_clock: 64 bits at 10MHz, resolution 100ns, wraps every 4398046511100ns
[    0.002171] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
[    0.002982] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 20.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=40000)
[    0.003072] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.003826] Mount-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear)
[    0.003857] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear)
[    0.021960] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[    0.023368] EFI services will not be available.
[    0.024672] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[    0.029676] smp: Brought up 1 node, 4 CPUs
[    0.037516] devtmpfs: initialized
[    0.041674] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
[    0.041778] futex hash table entries: 1024 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear)
[    0.047544] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[    0.065332] HugeTLB registered 2.00 MiB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
[    0.145545] raid6: int64x8  gen()   849 MB/s
[    0.223612] raid6: int64x8  xor()   659 MB/s
[    0.300114] raid6: int64x4  gen()  2548 MB/s
[    0.377570] raid6: int64x4  xor()  1473 MB/s
[    0.455190] raid6: int64x2  gen()  3326 MB/s
[    0.528895] raid6: int64x2  xor()  1903 MB/s
[    0.603391] raid6: int64x1  gen()  2458 MB/s
[    0.676883] raid6: int64x1  xor()  1567 MB/s
[    0.676909] raid6: using algorithm int64x2 gen() 3326 MB/s
[    0.676923] raid6: .... xor() 1903 MB/s, rmw enabled
[    0.676964] raid6: using intx1 recovery algorithm
[    0.679760] vgaarb: loaded
[    0.680740] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    0.682143] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    0.682332] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    0.682471] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    0.690260] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
[    0.691104] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0
[    0.691235] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.699735] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[    0.705242] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 2048 (order: 3, 32768 bytes, linear)
[    0.705351] TCP established hash table entries: 32768 (order: 6, 262144 bytes, linear)
[    0.705606] TCP bind hash table entries: 32768 (order: 7, 524288 bytes, linear)
[    0.705971] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 32768 bind 32768)
[    0.707033] MPTCP token hash table entries: 4096 (order: 4, 98304 bytes, linear)
[    0.707212] UDP hash table entries: 2048 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear)
[    0.707393] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 2048 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear)
[    0.708594] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[    0.710774] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[    0.710819] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[    0.710831] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[    0.710843] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[    0.710891] NET: Registered protocol family 44
[    0.711040] PCI: CLS 0 bytes, default 64
[    0.714075] Initialise system trusted keyrings
[    0.715045] workingset: timestamp_bits=46 max_order=20 bucket_order=0
[    0.721247] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type
[    0.721399] Key type id_resolver registered
[    0.721437] Key type id_legacy registered
[    0.721825] 9p: Installing v9fs 9p2000 file system support
[    0.722707] NET: Registered protocol family 38
[    0.722796] xor: measuring software checksum speed
[    0.727322]    8regs           :  2294 MB/sec
[    0.731878]    8regs_prefetch  :  2202 MB/sec
[    0.734206]    32regs          :  4380 MB/sec
[    0.736651]    32regs_prefetch :  4376 MB/sec
[    0.736682] xor: using function: 32regs (4380 MB/sec)
[    0.736723] Key type asymmetric registered
[    0.736772] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered
[    0.736896] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 250)
[    0.737335] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[    0.737396] io scheduler kyber registered
[    0.737631] io scheduler bfq registered
[    0.740073] pci-host-generic 30000000.pci: host bridge /soc/pci@30000000 ranges:
[    0.740608] pci-host-generic 30000000.pci:       IO 0x0003000000..0x000300ffff -> 0x0000000000
[    0.740881] pci-host-generic 30000000.pci:      MEM 0x0040000000..0x007fffffff -> 0x0040000000
[    0.742061] pci-host-generic 30000000.pci: ECAM at [mem 0x30000000-0x3fffffff] for [bus 00-ff]
[    0.742609] pci-host-generic 30000000.pci: PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00
[    0.742934] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff]
[    0.743013] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io  0x0000-0xffff]
[    0.743026] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x40000000-0x7fffffff]
[    0.743801] pci 0000:00:00.0: [1b36:0008] type 00 class 0x060000
[    0.785566] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[    0.789415] printk: console [ttyS0] disabled
[    0.790414] 10000000.uart: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x10000000 (irq = 2, base_baud = 230400) is a 16550A
[    0.808323] printk: console [ttyS0] enabled
[    0.809643] [drm] radeon kernel modesetting enabled.
[    0.824840] loop: module loaded
[    0.827063] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[    0.827633] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver
[    0.827742] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
[    0.828034] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[    0.828190] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[    0.828384] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[    0.828563] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[    0.828737] ohci-pci: OHCI PCI platform driver
[    0.828931] ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver
[    0.829896] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas
[    0.830193] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[    0.830873] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[    0.833038] goldfish_rtc 101000.rtc: registered as rtc0
[    0.833772] goldfish_rtc 101000.rtc: setting system clock to 2022-03-24T09:08:08 UTC (1648112888)
[    0.835642] syscon-poweroff soc:poweroff: pm_power_off already claimed (____ptrval____) sbi_shutdown
[    0.835890] syscon-poweroff: probe of soc:poweroff failed with error -16
[    0.838590] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[    0.838721] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[    0.840094] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[    0.855733] Segment Routing with IPv6
[    0.856190] sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
[    0.859802] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[    0.861178] 9pnet: Installing 9P2000 support
[    0.861487] Key type dns_resolver registered
[    0.861922] registered taskstats version 1
[    0.862065] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates
[    0.868305] md: Waiting for all devices to be available before autodetect
[    0.868451] md: If you don't use raid, use raid=noautodetect
[    0.868567] md: Autodetecting RAID arrays.
[    0.868679] md: autorun ...
[    0.868772] md: ... autorun DONE.
[    0.870223] VFS: Cannot open root device "vda1" or unknown-block(0,0): error -6
[    0.870618] Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions:
[    0.870897] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)
[    0.871172] SMP: stopping secondary CPUs
[    0.875251] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0) ]---

May I know how I could solve this problem? Thanks in advance.