diff --git a/cmd/extradump/extradump_test.go b/cmd/extradump/extradump_test.go
index f203d322e6..1c41fb7ec9 100644
--- a/cmd/extradump/extradump_test.go
+++ b/cmd/extradump/extradump_test.go
@@ -43,7 +43,42 @@ func TestExtraParse(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// case 3, |---Extra Vanity---|---Empty---|---Vote Attestation---|---Extra Seal---|
+	// case 3, |---Extra Vanity---|---Validators Number and Validators Bytes---|---Turn Term---|---Empty---|---Extra Seal---|
+	{
+		extraData := "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"
+		extra, err := parseExtra(extraData)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		{
+			var have = extra.ValidatorSize
+			var want = uint8(21)
+			if have != want {
+				t.Fatalf("extra.ValidatorSize mismatch, have %d, want %d", have, want)
+			}
+		}
+		{
+			var have = common.Bytes2Hex(extra.Validators[14].Address[:])
+			var want = "cc8e6d00c17eb431350c6c50d8b8f05176b90b11"
+			if have != want {
+				t.Fatalf("extra.Validators[14].Address mismatch, have %s, want %s", have, want)
+			}
+		}
+		{
+			var have = common.Bytes2Hex(extra.Validators[18].BLSPublicKey[:])
+			var want = "b2d4c6283c44a1c7bd503aaba7666e9f0c830e0ff016c1c750a5e48757a713d0836b1cabfd5c281b1de3b77d1c192183"
+			if have != want {
+				t.Fatalf("extra.Validators[18].BLSPublicKey mismatch, have %s, want %s", have, want)
+			}
+		}
+		{
+			var have = extra.TurnTerm
+			var want = uint8(4)
+			if *have != want {
+				t.Fatalf("extra.TurnTerm mismatch, have %d, want %d", *have, want)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// case 4, |---Extra Vanity---|---Empty---|---Vote Attestation---|---Extra Seal---|
 	{
 		extraData := "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"
 		extra, err := parseExtra(extraData)
@@ -64,9 +99,51 @@ func TestExtraParse(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// case 4, |---Extra Vanity---|---Validators Number and Validators Bytes---|---Vote Attestation---|---Extra Seal---|
+	// case 5, |---Extra Vanity---|---Validators Number and Validators Bytes---|---Vote Attestation---|---Extra Seal---|
+	{
+		extraData := "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"
+		extra, err := parseExtra(extraData)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		{
+			var have = common.Bytes2Hex(extra.Validators[0].Address[:])
+			var want = "1284214b9b9c85549ab3d2b972df0deef66ac2c9"
+			if have != want {
+				t.Fatalf("extra.Validators[0].Address mismatch, have %s, want %s", have, want)
+			}
+		}
+		{
+			var have = common.Bytes2Hex(extra.Validators[0].BLSPublicKey[:])
+			var want = "8e82934ca974fdcd97f3309de967d3c9c43fa711a8d673af5d75465844bf8969c8d1948d903748ac7b8b1720fa64e50c"
+			if have != want {
+				t.Fatalf("extra.Validators[0].BLSPublicKey mismatch, have %s, want %s", have, want)
+			}
+		}
+		{
+			var have = extra.Validators[0].VoteIncluded
+			var want = true
+			if have != want {
+				t.Fatalf("extra.Validators[0].VoteIncluded mismatch, have %t, want %t", have, want)
+			}
+		}
+		{
+			var have = common.Bytes2Hex(extra.Data.TargetHash[:])
+			var want = "0edc71ce80105a3220a87bea2792fa340d66c59002f02b0a09349ed1ed284070"
+			if have != want {
+				t.Fatalf("extra.Data.TargetHash mismatch, have %s, want %s", have, want)
+			}
+		}
+		{
+			var have = extra.Data.TargetNumber
+			var want = uint64(32096999)
+			if have != want {
+				t.Fatalf("extra.Data.TargetNumber mismatch, have %d, want %d", have, want)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// case 6, |---Extra Vanity---|---Validators Number and Validators Bytes---|---Turn Term---|---Vote Attestation---|---Extra Seal---|
 	{
-		extraData := "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"
+		extraData := "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"
 		extra, err := parseExtra(extraData)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		{
@@ -104,5 +181,12 @@ func TestExtraParse(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Fatalf("extra.Data.TargetNumber mismatch, have %d, want %d", have, want)
 			}
 		}
+		{
+			var have = extra.TurnTerm
+			var want = uint8(4)
+			if *have != want {
+				t.Fatalf("extra.TurnTerm mismatch, have %d, want %d", *have, want)
+			}
+		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/cmd/extradump/main.go b/cmd/extradump/main.go
index bb06735147..aaec5ea80a 100644
--- a/cmd/extradump/main.go
+++ b/cmd/extradump/main.go
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ const (
 	BLSPublicKeyLength = 48
 
 	// follow order in extra field
-	// |---Extra Vanity---|---Validators Number and Validators Bytes (or Empty)---|---Vote Attestation (or Empty)---|---Extra Seal---|
+	// |---Extra Vanity---|---Validators Number and Validators Bytes (or Empty)---|---Turn Term (or Empty)---|---Vote Attestation (or Empty)---|---Extra Seal---|
 	extraVanityLength    = 32 // Fixed number of extra-data prefix bytes reserved for signer vanity
 	validatorNumberSize  = 1  // Fixed number of extra prefix bytes reserved for validator number after Luban
 	validatorBytesLength = common.AddressLength + types.BLSPublicKeyLength
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ type Extra struct {
 	ExtraVanity   string
 	ValidatorSize uint8
 	Validators    validatorsAscending
+	TurnTerm      *uint8
 	*types.VoteAttestation
 	ExtraSeal []byte
 }
@@ -113,6 +114,15 @@ func parseExtra(hexData string) (*Extra, error) {
 			sort.Sort(extra.Validators)
 			data = data[validatorBytesTotalLength-validatorNumberSize:]
 			dataLength = len(data)
+
+			// parse TurnTerm
+			if dataLength > 0 {
+				if data[0] != '\xf8' {
+					extra.TurnTerm = &data[0]
+					data = data[1:]
+					dataLength = len(data)
+				}
+			}
 		}
 
 		// parse Vote Attestation
@@ -148,6 +158,10 @@ func prettyExtra(extra Extra) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	if extra.TurnTerm != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("TurnTerm	:	%d\n", *extra.TurnTerm)
+	}
+
 	if extra.VoteAttestation != nil {
 		fmt.Printf("Attestation	:\n")
 		fmt.Printf("\tVoteAddressSet	:	%b,	%d\n", extra.VoteAddressSet, bitset.From([]uint64{uint64(extra.VoteAddressSet)}).Count())
diff --git a/cmd/geth/config.go b/cmd/geth/config.go
index e535dc8155..7ad20539e0 100644
--- a/cmd/geth/config.go
+++ b/cmd/geth/config.go
@@ -214,6 +214,9 @@ func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context) (*node.Node, ethapi.Backend) {
 	if ctx.IsSet(utils.OverrideBreatheBlockInterval.Name) {
 		params.BreatheBlockInterval = ctx.Uint64(utils.OverrideBreatheBlockInterval.Name)
 	}
+	if ctx.IsSet(utils.OverrideUseRandTurnTerm.Name) {
+		params.UseRandTurnTerm = ctx.Bool(utils.OverrideUseRandTurnTerm.Name)
+	}
 
 	backend, eth := utils.RegisterEthService(stack, &cfg.Eth)
 
diff --git a/cmd/geth/main.go b/cmd/geth/main.go
index 9763794f7e..172752da3e 100644
--- a/cmd/geth/main.go
+++ b/cmd/geth/main.go
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ var (
 		utils.OverrideMinBlocksForBlobRequests,
 		utils.OverrideDefaultExtraReserveForBlobRequests,
 		utils.OverrideBreatheBlockInterval,
+		utils.OverrideUseRandTurnTerm,
 		utils.EnablePersonal,
 		utils.TxPoolLocalsFlag,
 		utils.TxPoolNoLocalsFlag,
diff --git a/cmd/utils/flags.go b/cmd/utils/flags.go
index 8707840692..c929a0bae2 100644
--- a/cmd/utils/flags.go
+++ b/cmd/utils/flags.go
@@ -349,6 +349,12 @@ var (
 		Value:    params.BreatheBlockInterval,
 		Category: flags.EthCategory,
 	}
+	OverrideUseRandTurnTerm = &cli.BoolFlag{
+		Name:     "override.useRandTurnTerm",
+		Usage:    "It use random values for turn terms instead of reading from the contract, only for testing purpose",
+		Value:    params.UseRandTurnTerm,
+		Category: flags.EthCategory,
+	}
 	SyncModeFlag = &flags.TextMarshalerFlag{
 		Name:     "syncmode",
 		Usage:    `Blockchain sync mode ("snap" or "full")`,
diff --git a/consensus/beacon/consensus.go b/consensus/beacon/consensus.go
index 9e1c39b99a..ecabe15959 100644
--- a/consensus/beacon/consensus.go
+++ b/consensus/beacon/consensus.go
@@ -333,6 +333,11 @@ func (beacon *Beacon) verifyHeaders(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, headers [
 	return abort, results
 }
 
+// CurrentTurnTerm return the turnTerm at the latest block
+func (beacon *Beacon) CurrentTurnTerm(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader) (turnTerm *uint64, err error) {
+	return nil, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
 // NextInTurnValidator return the next in-turn validator for header
 func (beacon *Beacon) NextInTurnValidator(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) (common.Address, error) {
 	return common.Address{}, errors.New("not implemented")
diff --git a/consensus/clique/clique.go b/consensus/clique/clique.go
index ddacbc2e6e..cc83ef1786 100644
--- a/consensus/clique/clique.go
+++ b/consensus/clique/clique.go
@@ -511,6 +511,11 @@ func (c *Clique) verifySeal(snap *Snapshot, header *types.Header, parents []*typ
 	return nil
 }
 
+// CurrentTurnTerm return the turnTerm at the latest block
+func (c *Clique) CurrentTurnTerm(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader) (turnTerm *uint64, err error) {
+	return nil, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
 // NextInTurnValidator return the next in-turn validator for header
 func (c *Clique) NextInTurnValidator(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) (common.Address, error) {
 	return common.Address{}, errors.New("not implemented")
diff --git a/consensus/consensus.go b/consensus/consensus.go
index 7c65acb359..fb4cd63a23 100644
--- a/consensus/consensus.go
+++ b/consensus/consensus.go
@@ -97,6 +97,9 @@ type Engine interface {
 	// rules of a given engine.
 	VerifyUncles(chain ChainReader, block *types.Block) error
 
+	// CurrentTurnTerm return the turnTerm at the latest block
+	CurrentTurnTerm(chain ChainHeaderReader) (turnTerm *uint64, err error)
+
 	// NextInTurnValidator return the next in-turn validator for header
 	NextInTurnValidator(chain ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) (common.Address, error)
 
diff --git a/consensus/ethash/consensus.go b/consensus/ethash/consensus.go
index db730fab29..c9234e2ce7 100644
--- a/consensus/ethash/consensus.go
+++ b/consensus/ethash/consensus.go
@@ -489,6 +489,11 @@ var FrontierDifficultyCalculator = calcDifficultyFrontier
 var HomesteadDifficultyCalculator = calcDifficultyHomestead
 var DynamicDifficultyCalculator = makeDifficultyCalculator
 
+// CurrentTurnTerm return the turnTerm at the latest block
+func (ethash *Ethash) CurrentTurnTerm(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader) (turnTerm *uint64, err error) {
+	return nil, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+
 // NextInTurnValidator return the next in-turn validator for header
 func (ethash *Ethash) NextInTurnValidator(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) (common.Address, error) {
 	return common.Address{}, errors.New("not implemented")
diff --git a/consensus/parlia/abi.go b/consensus/parlia/abi.go
index 0d9ab54cd5..401db48911 100644
--- a/consensus/parlia/abi.go
+++ b/consensus/parlia/abi.go
@@ -2306,6 +2306,19 @@ const validatorSetABI = `
     ],
     "stateMutability": "view"
   },
+  {
+    "inputs": [],
+    "name": "getTurnTerm",
+    "outputs": [
+      {
+        "internalType": "uint256",
+        "name": "",
+        "type": "uint256"
+      }
+    ],
+    "stateMutability": "view",
+    "type": "function"
+  },
   {
     "type": "function",
     "name": "getValidators",
diff --git a/consensus/parlia/bohrFork.go b/consensus/parlia/bohrFork.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2b712b3216
--- /dev/null
+++ b/consensus/parlia/bohrFork.go
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package parlia
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"math/big"
+	mrand "math/rand"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/systemcontracts"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/ethapi"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
+)
+
+func (p *Parlia) getTurnTerm(header *types.Header) (turnTerm *big.Int, err error) {
+	if params.UseRandTurnTerm {
+		return p.getRandTurnTerm(header)
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	method := "getTurnTerm"
+	toAddress := common.HexToAddress(systemcontracts.ValidatorContract)
+	gas := (hexutil.Uint64)(uint64(math.MaxUint64 / 2))
+
+	data, err := p.validatorSetABI.Pack(method)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("Unable to pack tx for getTurnTerm", "error", err)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	msgData := (hexutil.Bytes)(data)
+
+	blockNr := rpc.BlockNumberOrHashWithHash(header.Hash(), false)
+	result, err := p.ethAPI.Call(ctx, ethapi.TransactionArgs{
+		Gas:  &gas,
+		To:   &toAddress,
+		Data: &msgData,
+	}, &blockNr, nil, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := p.validatorSetABI.UnpackIntoInterface(&turnTerm, method, result); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return turnTerm, nil
+}
+
+// getRandTurnTerm returns a random valid value, used to test switching turn terms
+func (p *Parlia) getRandTurnTerm(header *types.Header) (turnTerm *big.Int, err error) {
+	turnTerms := [8]uint8{1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
+	r := mrand.New(mrand.NewSource(int64(header.Time)))
+	termIndex := int(r.Int31n(int32(len(turnTerms))))
+	return big.NewInt(int64(turnTerms[termIndex])), nil
+}
diff --git a/consensus/parlia/parlia.go b/consensus/parlia/parlia.go
index 69b82d408c..6f99dec037 100644
--- a/consensus/parlia/parlia.go
+++ b/consensus/parlia/parlia.go
@@ -54,10 +54,12 @@ const (
 
 	checkpointInterval = 1024        // Number of blocks after which to save the snapshot to the database
 	defaultEpochLength = uint64(100) // Default number of blocks of checkpoint to update validatorSet from contract
+	defaultTurnTerm    = uint64(1)   // Default consecutive number of blocks a validator receives priority for block production
 
 	extraVanity      = 32 // Fixed number of extra-data prefix bytes reserved for signer vanity
 	extraSeal        = 65 // Fixed number of extra-data suffix bytes reserved for signer seal
 	nextForkHashSize = 4  // Fixed number of extra-data suffix bytes reserved for nextForkHash.
+	turnTermSize     = 1  // Fixed number of extra-data suffix bytes reserved for turnTerm
 
 	validatorBytesLengthBeforeLuban = common.AddressLength
 	validatorBytesLength            = common.AddressLength + types.BLSPublicKeyLength
@@ -136,6 +138,10 @@ var (
 	// list of validators different than the one the local node calculated.
 	errMismatchingEpochValidators = errors.New("mismatching validator list on epoch block")
 
+	// errMismatchingEpochTurnTerm is returned if a sprint block contains a
+	// turn term different than the one the local node calculated.
+	errMismatchingEpochTurnTerm = errors.New("mismatching turn term on epoch block")
+
 	// errInvalidDifficulty is returned if the difficulty of a block is missing.
 	errInvalidDifficulty = errors.New("invalid difficulty")
 
@@ -365,6 +371,7 @@ func (p *Parlia) VerifyHeaders(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, headers []*typ
 // On luban fork, we introduce vote attestation into the header's extra field, so extra format is different from before.
 // Before luban fork: |---Extra Vanity---|---Validators Bytes (or Empty)---|---Extra Seal---|
 // After luban fork:  |---Extra Vanity---|---Validators Number and Validators Bytes (or Empty)---|---Vote Attestation (or Empty)---|---Extra Seal---|
+// After bohr fork:   |---Extra Vanity---|---Validators Number and Validators Bytes (or Empty)---|---Turn Term (or Empty)---|---Vote Attestation (or Empty)---|---Extra Seal---|
 func getValidatorBytesFromHeader(header *types.Header, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, parliaConfig *params.ParliaConfig) []byte {
 	if len(header.Extra) <= extraVanity+extraSeal {
 		return nil
@@ -381,11 +388,15 @@ func getValidatorBytesFromHeader(header *types.Header, chainConfig *params.Chain
 		return nil
 	}
 	num := int(header.Extra[extraVanity])
-	if num == 0 || len(header.Extra) <= extraVanity+extraSeal+num*validatorBytesLength {
-		return nil
-	}
 	start := extraVanity + validatorNumberSize
 	end := start + num*validatorBytesLength
+	extraMinLen := end + extraSeal
+	if chainConfig.IsBohr(header.Number, header.Time) {
+		extraMinLen += turnTermSize
+	}
+	if num == 0 || len(header.Extra) < extraMinLen {
+		return nil
+	}
 	return header.Extra[start:end]
 }
 
@@ -404,11 +415,14 @@ func getVoteAttestationFromHeader(header *types.Header, chainConfig *params.Chai
 		attestationBytes = header.Extra[extraVanity : len(header.Extra)-extraSeal]
 	} else {
 		num := int(header.Extra[extraVanity])
-		if len(header.Extra) <= extraVanity+extraSeal+validatorNumberSize+num*validatorBytesLength {
-			return nil, nil
-		}
 		start := extraVanity + validatorNumberSize + num*validatorBytesLength
+		if chainConfig.IsBohr(header.Number, header.Time) {
+			start += turnTermSize
+		}
 		end := len(header.Extra) - extraSeal
+		if end <= start {
+			return nil, nil
+		}
 		attestationBytes = header.Extra[start:end]
 	}
 
@@ -884,6 +898,35 @@ func (p *Parlia) prepareValidators(header *types.Header) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (p *Parlia) prepareTurnTerm(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) error {
+	if header.Number.Uint64()%p.config.Epoch != 0 ||
+		!p.chainConfig.IsBohr(header.Number, header.Time) {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	parent := chain.GetHeaderByHash(header.ParentHash)
+	if parent == nil {
+		return errors.New("parent not found")
+	}
+
+	if p.chainConfig.IsBohr(parent.Number, parent.Time) {
+		turnTerm, err := p.getTurnTerm(parent)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if turnTerm == nil {
+			return errors.New("unexpected error when getTurnTerm")
+		}
+		header.Extra = append(header.Extra, byte(int(turnTerm.Int64())))
+		log.Debug("prepareTurnTerm", "turnTerm", turnTerm.Int64())
+	} else {
+		log.Debug("prepareTurnTerm", "turnTerm", "defaultTurnTerm")
+		header.Extra = append(header.Extra, byte(int(defaultTurnTerm)))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (p *Parlia) assembleVoteAttestation(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) error {
 	if !p.chainConfig.IsLuban(header.Number) || header.Number.Uint64() < 2 {
 		return nil
@@ -967,6 +1010,16 @@ func (p *Parlia) assembleVoteAttestation(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, head
 	return nil
 }
 
+// CurrentTurnTerm return the turnTerm at the latest block
+func (p *Parlia) CurrentTurnTerm(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader) (turnTerm *uint64, err error) {
+	currentHeader := chain.CurrentHeader()
+	snap, err := p.snapshot(chain, currentHeader.Number.Uint64(), currentHeader.Hash(), nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &snap.TurnTerm, nil
+}
+
 // NextInTurnValidator return the next in-turn validator for header
 func (p *Parlia) NextInTurnValidator(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) (common.Address, error) {
 	snap, err := p.snapshot(chain, header.Number.Uint64(), header.Hash(), nil)
@@ -1015,6 +1068,9 @@ func (p *Parlia) Prepare(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header
 		return err
 	}
 
+	if err := p.prepareTurnTerm(chain, header); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	// add extra seal space
 	header.Extra = append(header.Extra, make([]byte, extraSeal)...)
 
@@ -1065,6 +1121,42 @@ func (p *Parlia) verifyValidators(header *types.Header) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (p *Parlia) verifyTurnTerm(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Header) error {
+	if header.Number.Uint64()%p.config.Epoch != 0 ||
+		!p.chainConfig.IsBohr(header.Number, header.Time) {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	turnTermFromHeader, err := parseTurnTerm(header, p.chainConfig, p.config)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if turnTermFromHeader != nil {
+		parent := chain.GetHeaderByHash(header.ParentHash)
+		if parent == nil {
+			return errors.New("parent not found")
+		}
+
+		if p.chainConfig.IsBohr(parent.Number, parent.Time) {
+			turnTermFromContract, err := p.getTurnTerm(parent)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if turnTermFromContract != nil && uint8(turnTermFromContract.Int64()) == *turnTermFromHeader {
+				log.Debug("verifyTurnTerm", "turnTerm", turnTermFromContract.Int64())
+				return nil
+			}
+		} else {
+			if uint8(defaultTurnTerm) == *turnTermFromHeader {
+				log.Debug("verifyTurnTerm", "turnTerm", "defaultTurnTerm")
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return errMismatchingEpochTurnTerm
+}
+
 func (p *Parlia) distributeFinalityReward(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, state *state.StateDB, header *types.Header,
 	cx core.ChainContext, txs *[]*types.Transaction, receipts *[]*types.Receipt, systemTxs *[]*types.Transaction,
 	usedGas *uint64, mining bool) error {
@@ -1159,6 +1251,10 @@ func (p *Parlia) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Heade
 		return err
 	}
 
+	if err := p.verifyTurnTerm(chain, header); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
 	cx := chainContext{Chain: chain, parlia: p}
 
 	parent := chain.GetHeaderByHash(header.ParentHash)
@@ -1185,7 +1281,7 @@ func (p *Parlia) Finalize(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *types.Heade
 		}
 	}
 	if header.Difficulty.Cmp(diffInTurn) != 0 {
-		spoiledVal := snap.supposeValidator()
+		spoiledVal := snap.inturnValidator()
 		signedRecently := false
 		if p.chainConfig.IsPlato(header.Number) {
 			signedRecently = snap.SignRecently(spoiledVal)
@@ -1276,7 +1372,7 @@ func (p *Parlia) FinalizeAndAssemble(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
-		spoiledVal := snap.supposeValidator()
+		spoiledVal := snap.inturnValidator()
 		signedRecently := false
 		if p.chainConfig.IsPlato(header.Number) {
 			signedRecently = snap.SignRecently(spoiledVal)
@@ -1900,31 +1996,24 @@ func (p *Parlia) GetFinalizedHeader(chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, header *t
 // ===========================     utility function        ==========================
 func (p *Parlia) backOffTime(snap *Snapshot, header *types.Header, val common.Address) uint64 {
 	if snap.inturn(val) {
+		log.Debug("backOffTime", "blockNumber", header.Number, "in turn validator", val)
 		return 0
 	} else {
 		delay := initialBackOffTime
 		validators := snap.validators()
 		if p.chainConfig.IsPlanck(header.Number) {
-			// reverse the key/value of snap.Recents to get recentsMap
-			recentsMap := make(map[common.Address]uint64, len(snap.Recents))
-			bound := uint64(0)
-			if n, limit := header.Number.Uint64(), uint64(len(validators)/2+1); n > limit {
-				bound = n - limit
-			}
-			for seen, recent := range snap.Recents {
-				if seen <= bound {
-					continue
-				}
-				recentsMap[recent] = seen
+			counts := snap.countRecents()
+			for addr, seenTimes := range counts {
+				log.Debug("backOffTime", "blockNumber", header.Number, "validator", addr, "seenTimes", seenTimes)
 			}
 
 			// The backOffTime does not matter when a validator has signed recently.
-			if _, ok := recentsMap[val]; ok {
+			if snap.signRecentlyByCounts(val, counts) {
 				return 0
 			}
 
-			inTurnAddr := validators[(snap.Number+1)%uint64(len(validators))]
-			if _, ok := recentsMap[inTurnAddr]; ok {
+			inTurnAddr := snap.inturnValidator()
+			if snap.signRecentlyByCounts(inTurnAddr, counts) {
 				log.Debug("in turn validator has recently signed, skip initialBackOffTime",
 					"inTurnAddr", inTurnAddr)
 				delay = 0
@@ -1933,7 +2022,7 @@ func (p *Parlia) backOffTime(snap *Snapshot, header *types.Header, val common.Ad
 			// Exclude the recently signed validators
 			temp := make([]common.Address, 0, len(validators))
 			for _, addr := range validators {
-				if _, ok := recentsMap[addr]; ok {
+				if snap.signRecentlyByCounts(addr, counts) {
 					continue
 				}
 				temp = append(temp, addr)
diff --git a/consensus/parlia/snapshot.go b/consensus/parlia/snapshot.go
index 0da0929e7c..86793e8bc4 100644
--- a/consensus/parlia/snapshot.go
+++ b/consensus/parlia/snapshot.go
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ type Snapshot struct {
 
 	Number           uint64                            `json:"number"`                // Block number where the snapshot was created
 	Hash             common.Hash                       `json:"hash"`                  // Block hash where the snapshot was created
+	TurnTerm         uint64                            `json:"turn_term"`             // The consecutive number of blocks a validator receives priority for block production
 	Validators       map[common.Address]*ValidatorInfo `json:"validators"`            // Set of authorized validators at this moment
 	Recents          map[uint64]common.Address         `json:"recents"`               // Set of recent validators for spam protections
 	RecentForkHashes map[uint64]string                 `json:"recent_fork_hashes"`    // Set of recent forkHash
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ func newSnapshot(
 		sigCache:         sigCache,
 		Number:           number,
 		Hash:             hash,
+		TurnTerm:         defaultTurnTerm,
 		Recents:          make(map[uint64]common.Address),
 		RecentForkHashes: make(map[uint64]string),
 		Validators:       make(map[common.Address]*ValidatorInfo),
@@ -114,6 +116,10 @@ func loadSnapshot(config *params.ParliaConfig, sigCache *lru.ARCCache, db ethdb.
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(blob, snap); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	if snap.TurnTerm == 0 { // no TurnTerm field in old snapshots
+		snap.TurnTerm = defaultTurnTerm
+	}
+
 	snap.config = config
 	snap.sigCache = sigCache
 	snap.ethAPI = ethAPI
@@ -138,6 +144,7 @@ func (s *Snapshot) copy() *Snapshot {
 		sigCache:         s.sigCache,
 		Number:           s.Number,
 		Hash:             s.Hash,
+		TurnTerm:         s.TurnTerm,
 		Validators:       make(map[common.Address]*ValidatorInfo),
 		Recents:          make(map[uint64]common.Address),
 		RecentForkHashes: make(map[uint64]string),
@@ -210,17 +217,45 @@ func (s *Snapshot) updateAttestation(header *types.Header, chainConfig *params.C
 	}
 }
 
-func (s *Snapshot) SignRecently(validator common.Address) bool {
+func (s *Snapshot) versionHistoryCheckLen() uint64 {
+	return uint64(len(s.Validators)) * s.TurnTerm
+}
+
+func (s *Snapshot) minerHistoryCheckLen() uint64 {
+	return (uint64(len(s.Validators)) / 2) * s.TurnTerm
+}
+
+func (s *Snapshot) countRecents() map[common.Address]uint64 {
+	leftHistoryBound := uint64(0) // the bound is excluded
+	checkHistoryLength := s.minerHistoryCheckLen()
+	if s.Number > checkHistoryLength {
+		leftHistoryBound = s.Number - checkHistoryLength
+	}
+	counts := make(map[common.Address]uint64, len(s.Validators))
 	for seen, recent := range s.Recents {
-		if recent == validator {
-			if limit := uint64(len(s.Validators)/2 + 1); s.Number+1 < limit || seen > s.Number+1-limit {
-				return true
-			}
+		if seen <= leftHistoryBound || recent == (common.Address{}) {
+			continue
 		}
+		counts[recent] += 1
 	}
+	return counts
+}
+
+func (s *Snapshot) signRecentlyByCounts(validator common.Address, counts map[common.Address]uint64) bool {
+	if seenTimes, ok := counts[validator]; ok && seenTimes >= s.TurnTerm {
+		if seenTimes > s.TurnTerm {
+			log.Warn("produce more blocks than expected!", "validator", validator, "seenTimes", seenTimes)
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+
 	return false
 }
 
+func (s *Snapshot) SignRecently(validator common.Address) bool {
+	return s.signRecentlyByCounts(validator, s.countRecents())
+}
+
 func (s *Snapshot) apply(headers []*types.Header, chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, parents []*types.Header, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig) (*Snapshot, error) {
 	// Allow passing in no headers for cleaner code
 	if len(headers) == 0 {
@@ -247,10 +282,10 @@ func (s *Snapshot) apply(headers []*types.Header, chain consensus.ChainHeaderRea
 	for _, header := range headers {
 		number := header.Number.Uint64()
 		// Delete the oldest validator from the recent list to allow it signing again
-		if limit := uint64(len(snap.Validators)/2 + 1); number >= limit {
+		if limit := snap.minerHistoryCheckLen() + 1; number >= limit { // `+1` for genesis block which has no miner
 			delete(snap.Recents, number-limit)
 		}
-		if limit := uint64(len(snap.Validators)); number >= limit {
+		if limit := snap.versionHistoryCheckLen(); number >= limit {
 			delete(snap.RecentForkHashes, number-limit)
 		}
 		// Resolve the authorization key and check against signers
@@ -261,19 +296,36 @@ func (s *Snapshot) apply(headers []*types.Header, chain consensus.ChainHeaderRea
 		if _, ok := snap.Validators[validator]; !ok {
 			return nil, errUnauthorizedValidator(validator.String())
 		}
-		for _, recent := range snap.Recents {
-			if recent == validator {
+		if chainConfig.IsBohr(header.Number, header.Time) {
+			if snap.SignRecently(validator) {
 				return nil, errRecentlySigned
 			}
+		} else {
+			for _, recent := range snap.Recents {
+				if recent == validator {
+					return nil, errRecentlySigned
+				}
+			}
 		}
 		snap.Recents[number] = validator
 		// change validator set
-		if number > 0 && number%s.config.Epoch == uint64(len(snap.Validators)/2) {
-			checkpointHeader := FindAncientHeader(header, uint64(len(snap.Validators)/2), chain, parents)
+		if number > 0 && number%s.config.Epoch == snap.minerHistoryCheckLen() {
+			checkpointHeader := FindAncientHeader(header, snap.minerHistoryCheckLen(), chain, parents)
 			if checkpointHeader == nil {
 				return nil, consensus.ErrUnknownAncestor
 			}
 
+			oldVersionsLen := snap.versionHistoryCheckLen()
+			// get turnTerm from headers and use that for new turnTerm
+			turnTerm, err := parseTurnTerm(checkpointHeader, chainConfig, s.config)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			if turnTerm != nil {
+				snap.TurnTerm = uint64(*turnTerm)
+				log.Debug("validator set switch", "turnTerm", *turnTerm)
+			}
+
 			// get validators from headers and use that for new validator set
 			newValArr, voteAddrs, err := parseValidators(checkpointHeader, chainConfig, s.config)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -289,18 +341,25 @@ func (s *Snapshot) apply(headers []*types.Header, chain consensus.ChainHeaderRea
 					}
 				}
 			}
-			oldLimit := len(snap.Validators)/2 + 1
-			newLimit := len(newVals)/2 + 1
-			if newLimit < oldLimit {
-				for i := 0; i < oldLimit-newLimit; i++ {
-					delete(snap.Recents, number-uint64(newLimit)-uint64(i))
+			if chainConfig.IsBohr(header.Number, header.Time) {
+				getClearKey := func(blockNumber uint64) uint64 {
+					return 1<<63 | (blockNumber / s.config.Epoch) // impossible used as a block number
 				}
-			}
-			oldLimit = len(snap.Validators)
-			newLimit = len(newVals)
-			if newLimit < oldLimit {
-				for i := 0; i < oldLimit-newLimit; i++ {
-					delete(snap.RecentForkHashes, number-uint64(newLimit)-uint64(i))
+				epochClearKey := getClearKey(number)
+				// in a epoch, after the first validator set switch, minerHistoryCheckLen() may become larger,
+				// so the unexpected second switch will happen, don't clear up the `Recents` in this kind of scene.
+				if _, ok := snap.Recents[epochClearKey]; !ok {
+					snap.Recents = make(map[uint64]common.Address) // without this logic, there will be several off-turn blocks when do validator set switch
+					snap.Recents[epochClearKey] = common.Address{}
+					log.Debug("Recents are cleared up", "blockNumber", number)
+				}
+			} else {
+				oldLimit := len(snap.Validators)/2 + 1
+				newLimit := len(newVals)/2 + 1
+				if newLimit < oldLimit {
+					for i := 0; i < oldLimit-newLimit; i++ {
+						delete(snap.Recents, number-uint64(newLimit)-uint64(i))
+					}
 				}
 			}
 			snap.Validators = newVals
@@ -310,10 +369,12 @@ func (s *Snapshot) apply(headers []*types.Header, chain consensus.ChainHeaderRea
 					snap.Validators[val].Index = idx + 1 // offset by 1
 				}
 			}
+			for i := snap.versionHistoryCheckLen(); i < oldVersionsLen; i++ {
+				delete(snap.RecentForkHashes, number-i)
+			}
 		}
 
 		snap.updateAttestation(header, chainConfig, s.config)
-
 		snap.RecentForkHashes[number] = hex.EncodeToString(header.Extra[extraVanity-nextForkHashSize : extraVanity])
 	}
 	snap.Number += uint64(len(headers))
@@ -333,15 +394,13 @@ func (s *Snapshot) validators() []common.Address {
 
 // inturn returns if a validator at a given block height is in-turn or not.
 func (s *Snapshot) inturn(validator common.Address) bool {
-	validators := s.validators()
-	offset := (s.Number + 1) % uint64(len(validators))
-	return validators[offset] == validator
+	return s.inturnValidator() == validator
 }
 
 // inturnValidator returns the validator at a given block height.
 func (s *Snapshot) inturnValidator() common.Address {
 	validators := s.validators()
-	offset := (s.Number + 1) % uint64(len(validators))
+	offset := (s.Number + 1) / s.TurnTerm % uint64(len(validators))
 	return validators[offset]
 }
 
@@ -379,12 +438,6 @@ func (s *Snapshot) indexOfVal(validator common.Address) int {
 	return -1
 }
 
-func (s *Snapshot) supposeValidator() common.Address {
-	validators := s.validators()
-	index := (s.Number + 1) % uint64(len(validators))
-	return validators[index]
-}
-
 func parseValidators(header *types.Header, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, parliaConfig *params.ParliaConfig) ([]common.Address, []types.BLSPublicKey, error) {
 	validatorsBytes := getValidatorBytesFromHeader(header, chainConfig, parliaConfig)
 	if len(validatorsBytes) == 0 {
@@ -410,6 +463,24 @@ func parseValidators(header *types.Header, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, parl
 	return cnsAddrs, voteAddrs, nil
 }
 
+func parseTurnTerm(header *types.Header, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, parliaConfig *params.ParliaConfig) (*uint8, error) {
+	if header.Number.Uint64()%parliaConfig.Epoch != 0 ||
+		!chainConfig.IsBohr(header.Number, header.Time) {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	if len(header.Extra) <= extraVanity+extraSeal {
+		return nil, errors.New("invalid turnTerm")
+	}
+	num := int(header.Extra[extraVanity])
+	pos := extraVanity + validatorNumberSize + num*validatorBytesLength
+	if len(header.Extra) <= pos {
+		return nil, errors.New("invalid turnTerm")
+	}
+	turnterm := header.Extra[pos]
+	return &turnterm, nil
+}
+
 func FindAncientHeader(header *types.Header, ite uint64, chain consensus.ChainHeaderReader, candidateParents []*types.Header) *types.Header {
 	ancient := header
 	for i := uint64(1); i <= ite; i++ {
diff --git a/core/systemcontracts/bohr/chapel/ValidatorContract b/core/systemcontracts/bohr/chapel/ValidatorContract
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
diff --git a/core/systemcontracts/bohr/mainnet/ValidatorContract b/core/systemcontracts/bohr/mainnet/ValidatorContract
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
diff --git a/core/systemcontracts/bohr/rialto/ValidatorContract b/core/systemcontracts/bohr/rialto/ValidatorContract
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8592bc9d84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/systemcontracts/bohr/rialto/ValidatorContract
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/systemcontracts/bohr/types.go b/core/systemcontracts/bohr/types.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16264ee30f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/systemcontracts/bohr/types.go
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package bohr
+
+import _ "embed"
+
+// contract codes for Mainnet upgrade
+var (
+	//go:embed mainnet/ValidatorContract
+	MainnetValidatorContract string
+)
+
+// contract codes for Chapel upgrade
+var (
+	//go:embed chapel/ValidatorContract
+	ChapelValidatorContract string
+)
+
+// contract codes for Rialto upgrade
+var (
+	//go:embed rialto/ValidatorContract
+	RialtoValidatorContract string
+)
diff --git a/core/systemcontracts/upgrade.go b/core/systemcontracts/upgrade.go
index 393b529113..ed026cad8d 100644
--- a/core/systemcontracts/upgrade.go
+++ b/core/systemcontracts/upgrade.go
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/systemcontracts/bohr"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/systemcontracts/bruno"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/systemcontracts/euler"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/systemcontracts/feynman"
@@ -75,6 +76,8 @@ var (
 	feynmanUpgrade = make(map[string]*Upgrade)
 
 	feynmanFixUpgrade = make(map[string]*Upgrade)
+
+	bohrUpgrade = make(map[string]*Upgrade)
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -701,6 +704,17 @@ func init() {
 			},
 		},
 	}
+
+	bohrUpgrade[rialtoNet] = &Upgrade{
+		UpgradeName: "bohr",
+		Configs: []*UpgradeConfig{
+			{
+				ContractAddr: common.HexToAddress(ValidatorContract),
+				CommitUrl:    "https://github.com/NathanBSC/bsc-genesis-contract/commit/a977759455de71f40a3c86943205121f6efc1b71",
+				Code:         bohr.RialtoValidatorContract,
+			},
+		},
+	}
 }
 
 func UpgradeBuildInSystemContract(config *params.ChainConfig, blockNumber *big.Int, lastBlockTime uint64, blockTime uint64, statedb *state.StateDB) {
@@ -777,6 +791,10 @@ func UpgradeBuildInSystemContract(config *params.ChainConfig, blockNumber *big.I
 		applySystemContractUpgrade(feynmanFixUpgrade[network], blockNumber, statedb, logger)
 	}
 
+	if config.IsOnBohr(blockNumber, lastBlockTime, blockTime) {
+		applySystemContractUpgrade(bohrUpgrade[network], blockNumber, statedb, logger)
+	}
+
 	/*
 		apply other upgrades
 	*/
diff --git a/core/vote/vote_manager.go b/core/vote/vote_manager.go
index a7eaf10b09..8f6bf1fc33 100644
--- a/core/vote/vote_manager.go
+++ b/core/vote/vote_manager.go
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package vote
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
+	"math/big"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
@@ -17,7 +18,13 @@ import (
 
 const blocksNumberSinceMining = 5 // the number of blocks need to wait before voting, counting from the validator begin to mine
 
+var diffInTurn = big.NewInt(2) // Block difficulty for in-turn signatures
 var votesManagerCounter = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("votesManager/local", nil)
+var notJustified = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("votesManager/notJustified", nil)
+var inTurnJustified = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("votesManager/inTurnJustified", nil)
+var notInTurnJustified = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("votesManager/notInTurnJustified", nil)
+var continuousJustified = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("votesManager/continuousJustified", nil)
+var notContinuousJustified = metrics.NewRegisteredCounter("votesManager/notContinuousJustified", nil)
 
 // Backend wraps all methods required for voting.
 type Backend interface {
@@ -144,7 +151,7 @@ func (voteManager *VoteManager) loop() {
 				func(bLSPublicKey *types.BLSPublicKey) bool {
 					return bytes.Equal(voteManager.signer.PubKey[:], bLSPublicKey[:])
 				}) {
-				log.Debug("cur validator is not within the validatorSet at curHead")
+				log.Debug("local validator with voteKey is not within the validatorSet at curHead")
 				continue
 			}
 
@@ -191,6 +198,36 @@ func (voteManager *VoteManager) loop() {
 				voteManager.pool.PutVote(voteMessage)
 				votesManagerCounter.Inc(1)
 			}
+
+			// check the latest justified block, which indicating the stability of the network
+			curJustifiedNumber, _, err := voteManager.engine.GetJustifiedNumberAndHash(voteManager.chain, []*types.Header{curHead})
+			if err == nil && curJustifiedNumber != 0 {
+				if curJustifiedNumber+1 != curHead.Number.Uint64() {
+					log.Debug("not justified", "blockNumber", curHead.Number.Uint64()-1)
+					notJustified.Inc(1)
+				} else {
+					parent := voteManager.chain.GetHeaderByHash(curHead.ParentHash)
+					if parent != nil {
+						if parent.Difficulty.Cmp(diffInTurn) == 0 {
+							inTurnJustified.Inc(1)
+						} else {
+							log.Debug("not in turn block justified", "blockNumber", parent.Number.Int64(), "blockHash", parent.Hash())
+							notInTurnJustified.Inc(1)
+						}
+
+						lastJustifiedNumber, _, err := voteManager.engine.GetJustifiedNumberAndHash(voteManager.chain, []*types.Header{parent})
+						if err == nil {
+							if lastJustifiedNumber == 0 || lastJustifiedNumber+1 == curJustifiedNumber {
+								continuousJustified.Inc(1)
+							} else {
+								log.Debug("not continuous block justified", "lastJustified", lastJustifiedNumber, "curJustified", curJustifiedNumber)
+								notContinuousJustified.Inc(1)
+							}
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
 		case event := <-voteManager.syncVoteCh:
 			voteMessage := event.Vote
 			if voteManager.eth.IsMining() || !bytes.Equal(voteManager.signer.PubKey[:], voteMessage.VoteAddress[:]) {
diff --git a/internal/ethapi/api.go b/internal/ethapi/api.go
index e31cee15ec..188f99fb3a 100644
--- a/internal/ethapi/api.go
+++ b/internal/ethapi/api.go
@@ -870,7 +870,10 @@ func (s *BlockChainAPI) GetFinalizedHeader(ctx context.Context, probabilisticFin
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%d out of range [2,21]", probabilisticFinalized)
 	}
 
-	var err error
+	currentTurnTerm, err := s.b.Engine().CurrentTurnTerm(s.b.Chain())
+	if err != nil { // impossible
+		return nil, err
+	}
 	fastFinalizedHeader, err := s.b.HeaderByNumber(ctx, rpc.FinalizedBlockNumber)
 	if err != nil { // impossible
 		return nil, err
@@ -879,7 +882,7 @@ func (s *BlockChainAPI) GetFinalizedHeader(ctx context.Context, probabilisticFin
 	if err != nil { // impossible
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	finalizedBlockNumber := max(fastFinalizedHeader.Number.Int64(), latestHeader.Number.Int64()-probabilisticFinalized)
+	finalizedBlockNumber := max(fastFinalizedHeader.Number.Int64(), latestHeader.Number.Int64()-probabilisticFinalized*int64((*currentTurnTerm)))
 
 	return s.GetHeaderByNumber(ctx, rpc.BlockNumber(finalizedBlockNumber))
 }
@@ -894,7 +897,10 @@ func (s *BlockChainAPI) GetFinalizedBlock(ctx context.Context, probabilisticFina
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%d out of range [2,21]", probabilisticFinalized)
 	}
 
-	var err error
+	currentTurnTerm, err := s.b.Engine().CurrentTurnTerm(s.b.Chain())
+	if err != nil { // impossible
+		return nil, err
+	}
 	fastFinalizedHeader, err := s.b.HeaderByNumber(ctx, rpc.FinalizedBlockNumber)
 	if err != nil { // impossible
 		return nil, err
@@ -903,7 +909,7 @@ func (s *BlockChainAPI) GetFinalizedBlock(ctx context.Context, probabilisticFina
 	if err != nil { // impossible
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	finalizedBlockNumber := max(fastFinalizedHeader.Number.Int64(), latestHeader.Number.Int64()-probabilisticFinalized)
+	finalizedBlockNumber := max(fastFinalizedHeader.Number.Int64(), latestHeader.Number.Int64()-probabilisticFinalized*int64((*currentTurnTerm)))
 
 	return s.GetBlockByNumber(ctx, rpc.BlockNumber(finalizedBlockNumber), fullTx)
 }
diff --git a/params/protocol_params.go b/params/protocol_params.go
index 2ecb92bc61..a6c08a9e42 100644
--- a/params/protocol_params.go
+++ b/params/protocol_params.go
@@ -192,6 +192,7 @@ var (
 	MinBlocksForBlobRequests           uint64 = 524288              // it keeps blob data available for ~18.2 days in local, ref: https://github.com/bnb-chain/BEPs/blob/master/BEPs/BEP-336.md#51-parameters.
 	DefaultExtraReserveForBlobRequests uint64 = 1 * (24 * 3600) / 3 // it adds more time for expired blobs for some request cases, like expiry blob when remote peer is syncing, default 1 day.
 	BreatheBlockInterval               uint64 = 86400               // Controls the interval for updateValidatorSetV2
+	UseRandTurnTerm                    bool   = false               // Use random values to test switching turn terms
 )
 
 // Gas discount table for BLS12-381 G1 and G2 multi exponentiation operations