diff --git a/pkg/sql/internal_test.go b/pkg/sql/internal_test.go
index 1a52410ae896..6e38c14fa684 100644
--- a/pkg/sql/internal_test.go
+++ b/pkg/sql/internal_test.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/internal/client"
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/roachpb"
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/security"
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/server"
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/sql"
@@ -28,9 +29,12 @@ import (
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/sql/sessiondata"
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/sql/sqlbase"
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/sql/tests"
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/storage"
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/storage/engine/enginepb"
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/testutils"
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/testutils/serverutils"
 	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/util/leaktest"
+	"github.com/cockroachdb/cockroach/pkg/util/uuid"
 )
 
 func TestInternalExecutor(t *testing.T) {
@@ -290,6 +294,91 @@ func testInternalExecutorAppNameInitialization(
 	}
 }
 
+// TestInternalExecutorTxnAbortNotSwallowed reproduces a rare bug where the
+// internal executor could swallow transaction aborted errors. Specifically, an
+// optimizer code path was not propagating errors, violating the contract of our
+// transaction API, and causing partial split transactions that resulted in
+// replica corruption errors (#32784).
+//
+// Note that a fix to our transaction API to eliminate this class of errors is
+// proposed in #22615.
+func TestInternalExecutorTxnAbortNotSwallowed(t *testing.T) {
+	defer leaktest.AfterTest(t)()
+
+	// Notify a channel whenever a HeartbeatTxn request notices that a txn has
+	// been aborted.
+	heartbeatSawAbortedTxn := make(chan uuid.UUID)
+	params, _ := tests.CreateTestServerParams()
+	params.Knobs.Store = &storage.StoreTestingKnobs{
+		TestingResponseFilter: func(ba roachpb.BatchRequest, br *roachpb.BatchResponse) *roachpb.Error {
+			for i, r := range ba.Requests {
+				if r.GetHeartbeatTxn() != nil && br.Responses[i].GetHeartbeatTxn().Txn.Status == roachpb.ABORTED {
+					go func() {
+						heartbeatSawAbortedTxn <- ba.Txn.ID
+					}()
+				}
+			}
+			return nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	s, sqlDB, kvDB := serverutils.StartServer(t, params)
+	defer s.Stopper().Stop(ctx)
+	ie := s.InternalExecutor().(*sql.InternalExecutor)
+
+	if _, err := sqlDB.Exec("CREATE TABLE t (a INT)"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Create a new txn, and perform a write inside of it so that its txn record
+	// is written and the heartbeat loop is started. The particular key doesn't
+	// matter.
+	txn := client.NewTxn(ctx, kvDB, s.NodeID(), client.RootTxn)
+	origTxnID := txn.ID()
+	if err := txn.Put(ctx, "key-foo", []byte("bar")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Abort the txn directly with a PushTxnRequest. This happens in practice
+	// when, e.g., deadlock between two txns is detected.
+	txnProto := txn.GetTxnCoordMeta(ctx).Txn
+	if _, pErr := client.SendWrapped(ctx, kvDB.NonTransactionalSender(), &roachpb.PushTxnRequest{
+		RequestHeader: roachpb.RequestHeader{Key: txnProto.Key},
+		PusheeTxn:     txnProto.TxnMeta,
+		PusherTxn:     roachpb.Transaction{TxnMeta: enginepb.TxnMeta{Priority: roachpb.MaxTxnPriority}},
+		PushType:      roachpb.PUSH_ABORT,
+	}); pErr != nil {
+		t.Fatal(pErr)
+	}
+
+	// Wait for one of the txn's heartbeats to notice that the heartbeat has
+	// failed.
+	for txnID := range heartbeatSawAbortedTxn {
+		if txnID == origTxnID {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Execute a SQL statement in the txn using an internal executor. Importantly,
+	// we're accessing a system table, which bypasses the descriptor cache and
+	// forces the optimizer to perform raw KV lookups during name resolution.
+	_, err := ie.Exec(ctx, t.Name(), txn, "INSERT INTO system.zones VALUES ($1, $2)", 50, "")
+
+	// Double-check that the client.Txn has "helpfully" given us a brand new
+	// KV txn to replace our aborted txn. (#22615)
+	if origTxnID == txn.ID() {
+		t.Fatal("test bug: txn ID did not change after executing SQL statement on aborted txn")
+	}
+
+	// We now have proof that the client.Txn saw the aborted error; the internal
+	// executor had better have bubbled this error up so that we know to retry our
+	// txn from the beginning.
+	if !testutils.IsError(err, "TransactionAbortedError") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected query execution on aborted txn to fail, but got %+v", err)
+	}
+}
+
 // TODO(andrei): Test that descriptor leases are released by the
 // InternalExecutor, with and without a higher-level txn. When there is no
 // higher-level txn, the leases are released normally by the txn finishing. When
diff --git a/pkg/sql/opt/memo/memo.go b/pkg/sql/opt/memo/memo.go
index ea975be6ba73..3ef60582dc42 100644
--- a/pkg/sql/opt/memo/memo.go
+++ b/pkg/sql/opt/memo/memo.go
@@ -247,29 +247,28 @@ func (m *Memo) HasPlaceholders() bool {
 //   5. Data source privileges: current user may no longer have access to one or
 //      more data sources.
 //
-func (m *Memo) IsStale(ctx context.Context, evalCtx *tree.EvalContext, catalog cat.Catalog) bool {
+func (m *Memo) IsStale(
+	ctx context.Context, evalCtx *tree.EvalContext, catalog cat.Catalog,
+) (bool, error) {
 	// Memo is stale if the current database has changed.
 	if m.dbName != evalCtx.SessionData.Database {
-		return true
+		return true, nil
 	}
 
 	// Memo is stale if the search path has changed.
 	if !m.searchPath.Equals(&evalCtx.SessionData.SearchPath) {
-		return true
+		return true, nil
 	}
 
 	// Memo is stale if the location has changed.
 	if m.locName != evalCtx.GetLocation().String() {
-		return true
+		return true, nil
 	}
 
 	// Memo is stale if the fingerprint of any data source in the memo's metadata
 	// has changed, or if the current user no longer has sufficient privilege to
 	// access the data source.
-	if !m.Metadata().CheckDependencies(ctx, catalog) {
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
+	return m.Metadata().CheckDependencies(ctx, catalog)
 }
 
 // InternPhysicalProps adds the given physical props to the memo if they haven't
diff --git a/pkg/sql/opt/metadata.go b/pkg/sql/opt/metadata.go
index 9f4cb9a9e0d7..a86a1184ccd1 100644
--- a/pkg/sql/opt/metadata.go
+++ b/pkg/sql/opt/metadata.go
@@ -119,17 +119,17 @@ func (md *Metadata) AddDependency(ds cat.DataSource, priv privilege.Kind) {
 // in order to check that the fully qualified data source names still resolve to
 // the same version of the same data source, and that the user still has
 // sufficient privileges to access the data source.
-func (md *Metadata) CheckDependencies(ctx context.Context, catalog cat.Catalog) bool {
+func (md *Metadata) CheckDependencies(ctx context.Context, catalog cat.Catalog) (bool, error) {
 	for dep, privs := range md.deps {
 		ds, err := catalog.ResolveDataSource(ctx, dep.Name())
 		if err != nil {
-			return false
+			return false, err
 		}
 		if dep.ID() != ds.ID() {
-			return false
+			return false, nil
 		}
 		if dep.Version() != ds.Version() {
-			return false
+			return false, nil
 		}
 
 		for privs != 0 {
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ func (md *Metadata) CheckDependencies(ctx context.Context, catalog cat.Catalog)
 			priv := privilege.Kind(bits.TrailingZeros32(uint32(privs)))
 			if priv != 0 {
 				if err = catalog.CheckPrivilege(ctx, ds, priv); err != nil {
-					return false
+					return false, err
 				}
 			}
 
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ func (md *Metadata) CheckDependencies(ctx context.Context, catalog cat.Catalog)
 			privs &= ^(1 << priv)
 		}
 	}
-	return true
+	return true, nil
 }
 
 // AddTable indexes a new reference to a table within the query. Separate
diff --git a/pkg/sql/plan.go b/pkg/sql/plan.go
index e21f5e6b0b49..48c065bd4bb2 100644
--- a/pkg/sql/plan.go
+++ b/pkg/sql/plan.go
@@ -439,7 +439,9 @@ func (p *planner) makeOptimizerPlan(ctx context.Context, stmt Statement) (planFl
 
 		// If the prepared memo has been invalidated by schema or other changes,
 		// re-prepare it.
-		if stmt.Prepared.Memo.IsStale(ctx, p.EvalContext(), &catalog) {
+		if ok, err := stmt.Prepared.Memo.IsStale(ctx, p.EvalContext(), &catalog); err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		} else if !ok {
 			stmt.Prepared.Memo, err = p.prepareMemo(ctx, &catalog, stmt)
 			if err != nil {
 				return 0, err
@@ -451,7 +453,9 @@ func (p *planner) makeOptimizerPlan(ctx context.Context, stmt Statement) (planFl
 		// Consult the query cache.
 		cachedData, ok := p.execCfg.QueryCache.Find(stmt.SQL)
 		if ok {
-			if cachedData.Memo.IsStale(ctx, p.EvalContext(), &catalog) {
+			if ok, err := cachedData.Memo.IsStale(ctx, p.EvalContext(), &catalog); err != nil {
+				return 0, err
+			} else if !ok {
 				cachedData.Memo, err = p.prepareMemo(ctx, &catalog, stmt)
 				if err != nil {
 					return 0, err