diff --git a/airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/xcom_endpoint.py b/airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/xcom_endpoint.py
index 830cedb51c840..81c0fe8f1237e 100644
--- a/airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/xcom_endpoint.py
+++ b/airflow/api_connexion/endpoints/xcom_endpoint.py
@@ -23,12 +23,13 @@
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
 from airflow.api_connexion import security
-from airflow.api_connexion.exceptions import NotFound
+from airflow.api_connexion.exceptions import BadRequest, NotFound
 from airflow.api_connexion.parameters import check_limit, format_parameters
 from airflow.api_connexion.schemas.xcom_schema import XComCollection, xcom_collection_schema, xcom_schema
 from airflow.api_connexion.types import APIResponse
 from airflow.models import DagRun as DR, XCom
 from airflow.security import permissions
+from airflow.settings import conf
 from airflow.utils.airflow_flask_app import get_airflow_app
 from airflow.utils.session import NEW_SESSION, provide_session
 
@@ -93,6 +94,8 @@ def get_xcom_entry(
 ) -> APIResponse:
     """Get an XCom entry."""
     if deserialize:
+        if not conf.getboolean("api", "enable_xcom_deserialize_support", fallback=False):
+            raise BadRequest(detail="XCom deserialization is disabled in configuration.")
         query = select(XCom, XCom.value)
     else:
         query = select(XCom)
diff --git a/airflow/config_templates/config.yml b/airflow/config_templates/config.yml
index b6b160326523a..13f1926ae4e01 100644
--- a/airflow/config_templates/config.yml
+++ b/airflow/config_templates/config.yml
@@ -1178,6 +1178,15 @@ api:
       version_added: 2.2.0
       example: ~
       default: ""
+    enable_xcom_deserialize_support:
+      description: |
+        Indicates whether the *xcomEntries* endpoint supports the *deserialize*
+        flag. If set to False, setting this flag in a request would result in a
+        400 Bad Request error.
+      type: boolean
+      version_added: 2.7.0
+      example: ~
+      default: "False"
 lineage:
   description: ~
   options:
diff --git a/airflow/config_templates/default_airflow.cfg b/airflow/config_templates/default_airflow.cfg
index 1fbf58f7bccde..701e9e8f77694 100644
--- a/airflow/config_templates/default_airflow.cfg
+++ b/airflow/config_templates/default_airflow.cfg
@@ -640,6 +640,11 @@ access_control_allow_methods =
 # Separate URLs with space.
 access_control_allow_origins =
 
+# Indicates whether the *xcomEntries* endpoint supports the *deserialize*
+# flag. If set to False, setting this flag in a request would result in a
+# 400 Bad Request error.
+enable_xcom_deserialize_support = False
+
 [lineage]
 # what lineage backend to use
 backend =
diff --git a/newsfragments/32176.significant.rst b/newsfragments/32176.significant.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..492d5f955d05a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/newsfragments/32176.significant.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+The ``xcomEntries`` API disables support for the ``deserialize`` flag by default
+
+For security reasons, the ``/dags/*/dagRuns/*/taskInstances/*/xcomEntries/*``
+API endpoint now disables the ``deserialize`` option to deserialize arbitrary
+XCom values in the webserver. For backward compatibility, server admins may set
+the ``[api] enable_xcom_deserialize_support`` config to *True* to enable the
+flag and restore backward compatibility.
+
+However, it is strongly advised to **not** enable the feature, and perform
+deserialization at the client side instead.
diff --git a/tests/api_connexion/endpoints/test_xcom_endpoint.py b/tests/api_connexion/endpoints/test_xcom_endpoint.py
index 45a5894ec6936..7cd82fdaa3897 100644
--- a/tests/api_connexion/endpoints/test_xcom_endpoint.py
+++ b/tests/api_connexion/endpoints/test_xcom_endpoint.py
@@ -183,24 +183,61 @@ def _create_xcom_entry(self, dag_id, run_id, execution_date, task_id, xcom_key,
         )
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
-        "query, expected_value",
+        "allowed, query, expected_status_or_value",
         [
-            pytest.param("?deserialize=true", "real deserialized TEST_VALUE", id="true"),
-            pytest.param("?deserialize=false", "orm deserialized TEST_VALUE", id="false"),
-            pytest.param("", "orm deserialized TEST_VALUE", id="default"),
+            pytest.param(
+                True,
+                "?deserialize=true",
+                "real deserialized TEST_VALUE",
+                id="true",
+            ),
+            pytest.param(
+                False,
+                "?deserialize=true",
+                400,
+                id="disallowed",
+            ),
+            pytest.param(
+                True,
+                "?deserialize=false",
+                "orm deserialized TEST_VALUE",
+                id="false-irrelevant",
+            ),
+            pytest.param(
+                False,
+                "?deserialize=false",
+                "orm deserialized TEST_VALUE",
+                id="false",
+            ),
+            pytest.param(
+                True,
+                "",
+                "orm deserialized TEST_VALUE",
+                id="default-irrelevant",
+            ),
+            pytest.param(
+                False,
+                "",
+                "orm deserialized TEST_VALUE",
+                id="default",
+            ),
         ],
     )
     @conf_vars({("core", "xcom_backend"): "tests.api_connexion.endpoints.test_xcom_endpoint.CustomXCom"})
-    def test_custom_xcom_deserialize(self, query, expected_value):
+    def test_custom_xcom_deserialize(self, allowed: bool, query: str, expected_status_or_value: int | str):
         XCom = resolve_xcom_backend()
         self._create_xcom_entry("dag", "run", utcnow(), "task", "key", backend=XCom)
 
         url = f"/api/v1/dags/dag/dagRuns/run/taskInstances/task/xcomEntries/key{query}"
         with mock.patch("airflow.api_connexion.endpoints.xcom_endpoint.XCom", XCom):
-            response = self.client.get(url, environ_overrides={"REMOTE_USER": "test"})
-
-        assert response.status_code == 200
-        assert response.json["value"] == expected_value
+            with conf_vars({("api", "enable_xcom_deserialize_support"): str(allowed)}):
+                response = self.client.get(url, environ_overrides={"REMOTE_USER": "test"})
+
+        if isinstance(expected_status_or_value, int):
+            assert response.status_code == expected_status_or_value
+        else:
+            assert response.status_code == 200
+            assert response.json["value"] == expected_status_or_value
 
 
 class TestGetXComEntries(TestXComEndpoint):