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<p>
<H1>OpenStack</H1>
<UL>
<LI> OpenStack can be thought of running your own AWS cloud instrustructure. It leverages many open source projects, and as such it is more complex than just running a VMware farm.
<LI> Unlike VMware, many of the main components are individual install and config. eg. Authorization, Netowrking (Neuron), Compute, Admin nodes, etc.
<LI> Compute virtualization is handled by Xen, QEMU/KVM or even VMware (several API exist from these products which OpenStack API interface with.
<LI> OpenStack provides both GUI, CLI and RESTful API
<LI>
</UL>
<BR>
<H2>DevStack</H2>
For kicking the tire, the devstack will install a usable demo on a linux machine that is decicated for this purpose. Not for production use, bug help get started pretty quickly. See
<A HREF="http://docs.openstack.org/developer/devstack/">
http://docs.openstack.org/developer/devstack/</A>
<BR>
Once the stack.sh setup script completes, the Web GUI is accessible at the machine's IP under /dashboard eg http://localhost/dashboard
<BR>
There are two default users, admin and demo.
The password is defined in the local.conf file in the beginning of the setup, which by default is "secret".
<BR>
One thing that likely need some tweaking is Networking, even in a simple demo env. See
<A HREF="http://docs.openstack.org/developer/devstack/networking.html">devstack network</A> page for a conside overview of things that need to be setup.
<BR>
<PRE>
./stack # start
screen -x stack # rejoin session
./unstack.sh # destroy session
</PRE>
<A ID="statoscale"></A>
<H2>StratoScale</H2>
This one is very close to being a drop in replacement for VMware, but for a lot less money. <BR>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.openstack.org/foundation/companies/profile/stratoscale">StratoScale company profile</A>
<PRE>
</PRE>
<A ID="core"></A>
<H1>Core Services</H1>
<A NAME="Neuron"></A>
<H5>Neuron</H5>
<UL>
<LI> The NETWORK component, from the brain's network of neurons
<LI> The network is the brain!!
<LI> Think a bridge network is the default for the VM/Compute instance to connect to network that the host is physically connected to.
<LI> Neuron has abilities to perform NAT, L3 forward, load balancing, firewall, IPsec VPN, etc as a services. LBassS, FaaS, VPNaaS, pick any service and turn it into an adult service to your heart's desire :)
<LI> <TT>neuron</TT> network service differe from the compute <TT>nova-network</TT> service, do not run both of them at the same time.
<LI>
</UL>
<A NAME="Nova"></A>
<H5>Nova</H5>
<UL>
<LI> The compute component, VM runs on NOVA
<LI> Responsible for the scheduling, spawning and decom of compute instance.
<LI> KVM, Xen, QEMU are typical hypervisors.
<LI> VMware, Docker, LXC, Hyper-V, and other are suppoerted.
<LI> An EC2 compatible API is available so AWS workflow can be deployed on OpenStack
<LI>
<LI> <TT>nova flavor-list</TT> will provide a list of canned VM size, like tiny, small, xlarge, a la AWS style!
</UL>
<A NAME="Glance"></A>
<H5>Glance</H5>
<UL>
<LI> Provides for the imaging service of the compute instances,
<LI> eg: VM provisioning utilize Glace to store and retrieve the VM image.
<LI> <TT>nova image-list</TT> to list available images
<LI>
</UL>
<A NAME="Cinder"></A>
<H5>Cinder</H5>
<UL>
<LI> Provides persistent block storage to back the compute instance (VM)
<LI> Like AWS, has concept of ephemeral vs persistent volume.
<LI>
</UL>
<A NAME="Swift"></A>
<H5>Swift</H5>
<UL>
<LI> Object Store, provides a RESTful HTTP API for storing and retrieving data objects
<LI> NOT a file server, not mountabled
<LI> Think of AWS S3
<LI>
</UL>
<A NAME="Keystone"></A>
<H5>Keystone</H5>
<UL>
<LI> The identity management piece. Think of AWS IAM.
<LI> Provides for authentication (authN) and authorization (authZ) services.
<LI> Will have taps for openID, SAML, etc.
<LI> Currently implemented in LDAP?? Or just an internal MySQL/Postgress DB?
<LI>
</UL>
<A ID="optional_services"></A>
<H1>Optional Services</H1>
<A NAME="Horizon"></A>
<H5>Horizon</H5>
<UL>
<LI> This provides a dahboard service. Think about the Web GUI of AWS.
<LI>
</UL>
<A NAME="Magnum"></A>
<H5>Magnum</H5>
<UL>
<LI> Container service
<LI> Docker and Kurbernetes are treated as first class resources
<LI> Reported as low maturity (1/8) and low adoption (10%).
</UL>
<A NAME="Manila"></A>
<H5>Manila</H5>
<UL>
<LI> Shared file system. Think of the Manila file folder, not the city in Asia :)
<LI> Reported as med maturity (5/8) and low adoption (10%).
<LI>
</UL>
<A ID="terminology"></A>
<A ID="vocab"></A>
<A ID="tech"></A>
<H1>Supporting Technology</H1>
<A NAME="kvm"></A>
<H5>KVM</H5>
<UL>
<LI> Linux Kernel module for virtualization
<LI> Run virtualization as a thread in Guest mode of CPU (need VT support in CPU hw), thus avoiding context switch in protected mode (as done by Qemu).
<LI> Most efficient of the virtualization tech for running x86 code on x86
<LI> KVM is now integrated into linux kernel and thus avail "out of the box"
<LI>
</UL>
<A NAME="qemu"></A>
<H5>Qemu</H5>
<UL>
<LI> Full feature virtualization/hypervisor application.
<LI> There is a GUI, runnable by users in libvirt group as: python /usr/share/virt-manager/virt-manager.py
<LI> Qemu translates VM calls runnable by native hardware
<LI> Qemu has extensive emulations, supporting many hardware platform, eg run SPARC vm on PPC, ARM on x86. It can handle CPU and memory virtualization, but it is slow.
<LI> KQemu optimizes case of x86 VM on x86 CPU, but still not as efficient as KVM. This is largely not used, unless CPU does not support VT extensions)
<LI> For Linux VM on Linux host, often run as combination of Qemu on KVM. KVM will deal with all CPU/kernel protected mode access. Qemu will deal with the rest of the hardware such as video, disk, network IO (running in user space).
<LI> ref: <A HREF="http://serverfault.com/questions/208693/difference-between-kvm-and-qemu#208788">serverfault post</A>
<LI>
</UL>
<A NAME="xen"></A>
<H5>Xen</H5>
<UL>
<LI> A virtualization product from Citrix to compete with VMware.
</UL>
<A NAME=""></A>
<H5></H5>
<UL>
<LI>
</UL>
<H1>Links</H1>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="http://www.openstack.org/foundation/companies/profile/stratoscale">StratoScale company profile</A>
<LI>
</UL>
<div class="quote">
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<PRE>
</PRE>
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