feat: add initial support to pages for server-side data fetching

[brandonroberts]

PR Checklist

Please check if your PR fulfills the following requirements:

• The commit message follows our guidelines: https://github.com/analogjs/analog/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#-commit-message-guidelines
• Tests for the changes have been added (for bug fixes / features)
• Docs have been added / updated (for bug fixes / features)

PR Type

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

• Bugfix
• Feature
• Code style update (formatting, local variables)
• Refactoring (no functional changes, no api changes)
• Build related changes
• CI related changes
• Documentation content changes
• Other... Please describe:

Which package are you modifying?

• vite-plugin-angular
• vite-plugin-nitro
• astro-angular
• create-analog
• router
• platform
• content
• nx-plugin
• trpc

What is the current behavior?

Closes #197

What is the new behavior?

Adds initial support for fetching data for pages from the server.

Example:

// src/app/pages/index.server.ts
import { PageServerLoad } from '@analogjs/router';

export const load = async ({
  params, // params/queryParams from the request 
  req, // H3 Request
  res, // H3 Response handler
  fetch // internal fetch for direct API calls 
}: PageServerLoad) => {
  return {
    loaded: true,
  };
};

// src/app/pages/index.page.ts
import { Component } from '@angular/core';
import { LoadResult, injectLoad } from '@analogjs/router';

import { load } from './index.server'; // not included in client build

@Component({
  standalone: true,
  template: `
    <h2>Home</h2>

    Loaded: {{ data().loaded }}
  `,
})
export default class BlogComponent {
  // with route componentInputBinding enabled -> https://angular.io/api/router/withComponentInputBinding
  @Input() load(data: LoadResult<typeof load>) {
    console.log(data); // logs { loaded: true }
  }

  // with useLoad function
  data = toSignal(injectLoad<typeof load>(), { requireSync: true });
}

Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

• Yes
• No

Other information

TODO

• Add types for load function
• Add useLoader or injectLoader function as alternative to route component input binding
• Add docs
• Update analog-app example to server-side data fetching

[optional] What gif best describes this PR or how it makes you feel?

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[goetzrobin]

Left a couple minor comments. Definitely not blocking! Super excited for this 🚀

[goetzrobin]

LGTM 🚀🚀🚀🚀🚀

[markostanimirovic]

🔥