diff --git a/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json-resolver.php b/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json-resolver.php
index 5d0dd099c20e5..42ad830c73fd5 100644
--- a/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json-resolver.php
+++ b/src/wp-includes/class-wp-theme-json-resolver.php
@@ -304,54 +304,59 @@ public static function get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme, $create_post
 		}
 		$user_cpt         = array();
 		$post_type_filter = 'wp_global_styles';
+		$stylesheet       = $theme->get_stylesheet();
 		$args             = array(
-			'numberposts' => 1,
-			'orderby'     => 'date',
-			'order'       => 'desc',
-			'post_type'   => $post_type_filter,
-			'post_status' => $post_status_filter,
-			'tax_query'   => array(
+			'posts_per_page'      => 1,
+			'orderby'             => 'post_date',
+			'order'               => 'desc',
+			'post_type'           => $post_type_filter,
+			'post_status'         => $post_status_filter,
+			'ignore_sticky_posts' => true,
+			'no_found_rows'       => true,
+			'tax_query'           => array(
 				array(
 					'taxonomy' => 'wp_theme',
 					'field'    => 'name',
-					'terms'    => $theme->get_stylesheet(),
+					'terms'    => $stylesheet,
 				),
 			),
 		);
 
 		$cache_key = sprintf( 'wp_global_styles_%s', md5( serialize( $args ) ) );
-		$post_id   = wp_cache_get( $cache_key );
-
-		if ( (int) $post_id > 0 ) {
-			return get_post( $post_id, ARRAY_A );
-		}
-
+		$post_id   = (int) get_transient( $cache_key );
 		// Special case: '-1' is a results not found.
 		if ( -1 === $post_id && ! $create_post ) {
 			return $user_cpt;
 		}
 
-		$recent_posts = wp_get_recent_posts( $args );
-		if ( is_array( $recent_posts ) && ( count( $recent_posts ) === 1 ) ) {
-			$user_cpt = $recent_posts[0];
+		if ( $post_id > 0 && in_array( get_post_status( $post_id ), (array) $post_status_filter, true ) ) {
+			return get_post( $post_id, ARRAY_A );
+		}
+
+		$global_style_query = new WP_Query();
+		$recent_posts       = $global_style_query->query( $args );
+		if ( count( $recent_posts ) === 1 ) {
+			$user_cpt = get_post( $recent_posts[0], ARRAY_A );
 		} elseif ( $create_post ) {
 			$cpt_post_id = wp_insert_post(
 				array(
 					'post_content' => '{"version": ' . WP_Theme_JSON::LATEST_SCHEMA . ', "isGlobalStylesUserThemeJSON": true }',
 					'post_status'  => 'publish',
-					'post_title'   => 'Custom Styles',
+					'post_title'   => __( 'Custom Styles' ),
 					'post_type'    => $post_type_filter,
-					'post_name'    => 'wp-global-styles-' . urlencode( wp_get_theme()->get_stylesheet() ),
+					'post_name'    => sprintf( 'wp-global-styles-%s', urlencode( $stylesheet ) ),
 					'tax_input'    => array(
-						'wp_theme' => array( wp_get_theme()->get_stylesheet() ),
+						'wp_theme' => array( $stylesheet ),
 					),
 				),
 				true
 			);
-			$user_cpt    = get_post( $cpt_post_id, ARRAY_A );
+			if ( ! is_wp_error( $cpt_post_id ) ) {
+				$user_cpt = get_post( $cpt_post_id, ARRAY_A );
+			}
 		}
 		$cache_expiration = $user_cpt ? DAY_IN_SECONDS : HOUR_IN_SECONDS;
-		wp_cache_set( $cache_key, $user_cpt ? $user_cpt['ID'] : -1, '', $cache_expiration );
+		set_transient( $cache_key, $user_cpt ? $user_cpt['ID'] : -1, $cache_expiration );
 
 		return $user_cpt;
 	}
diff --git a/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpThemeJsonResolver.php b/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpThemeJsonResolver.php
index 6ec69477b3b78..2b90e7bb46b73 100644
--- a/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpThemeJsonResolver.php
+++ b/tests/phpunit/tests/theme/wpThemeJsonResolver.php
@@ -348,29 +348,81 @@ function test_merges_child_theme_json_into_parent_theme_json() {
 		);
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * @covers WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles
+	 */
 	function test_get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles_does_not_use_uncached_queries() {
+		$theme = wp_get_theme();
+		WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme );
 		add_filter( 'query', array( $this, 'filter_db_query' ) );
 		$query_count = count( $this->queries );
 		for ( $i = 0; $i < 3; $i++ ) {
-			WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( wp_get_theme() );
+			WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme );
 			WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::clean_cached_data();
 		}
 		$query_count = count( $this->queries ) - $query_count;
-		$this->assertEquals( 1, $query_count, 'Only one SQL query should be peformed for multiple invocations of WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_global_styles_from_post()' );
+		$this->assertEquals( 0, $query_count, 'Unexpected SQL queries detected for the wp_global_style post type' );
 
-		$user_cpt = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( wp_get_theme() );
+		$user_cpt = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme );
 		$this->assertEmpty( $user_cpt );
 
-		$user_cpt = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( wp_get_theme(), true );
+		$user_cpt = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme, true );
 		$this->assertNotEmpty( $user_cpt );
 
 		$query_count = count( $this->queries );
-		for ( $i = 0; $i < 3; $i++ ) {
-			WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( wp_get_theme() );
+		for ( $i = 0; $i < 3; $i ++ ) {
+			$new_user_cpt = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme );
 			WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::clean_cached_data();
+			$this->assertSameSets( $user_cpt, $new_user_cpt );
 		}
 		$query_count = count( $this->queries ) - $query_count;
 		$this->assertEquals( 0, $query_count, 'Unexpected SQL queries detected for the wp_global_style post type' );
 		remove_filter( 'query', array( $this, 'filter_db_query' ) );
 	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 55392
+	 * @covers WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles
+	 */
+	function test_get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles_does_exist() {
+		$theme = wp_get_theme();
+		$post1 = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme, true );
+		$this->assertIsArray( $post1 );
+		$this->assertArrayHasKey( 'ID', $post1 );
+		wp_delete_post( $post1['ID'], true );
+		$post2 = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme, true );
+		$this->assertIsArray( $post2 );
+		$this->assertArrayHasKey( 'ID', $post2 );
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 55392
+	 * @covers WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles
+	 */
+	function test_get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles_create_post() {
+		$theme = wp_get_theme( 'testing' );
+		$post1 = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme );
+		$this->assertIsArray( $post1 );
+		$this->assertSameSets( array(), $post1 );
+		$post2 = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme );
+		$this->assertIsArray( $post2 );
+		$this->assertSameSets( array(), $post2 );
+		$post3 = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme, true );
+		$this->assertIsArray( $post3 );
+		$this->assertArrayHasKey( 'ID', $post3 );
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @ticket 55392
+	 * @covers WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles
+	 */
+	function test_get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles_filter_state() {
+		$theme = wp_get_theme( 'foo' );
+		$post1 = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme, true, array( 'publish' ) );
+		$this->assertIsArray( $post1 );
+		$this->assertArrayHasKey( 'ID', $post1 );
+		$post2 = WP_Theme_JSON_Resolver::get_user_data_from_wp_global_styles( $theme, false, array( 'draft' ) );
+		$this->assertIsArray( $post2 );
+		$this->assertSameSets( array(), $post2 );
+	}
 }