diff --git a/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/app/msg_interface/common.h b/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/app/msg_interface/common.h
index e0fd3ffcc0..77d525ff89 100644
--- a/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/app/msg_interface/common.h
+++ b/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/app/msg_interface/common.h
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ typedef struct ten_engine_t ten_engine_t;
 TEN_RUNTIME_PRIVATE_API void ten_app_push_to_in_msgs_queue(
     ten_app_t *self, ten_shared_ptr_t *msg);
 
-TEN_RUNTIME_PRIVATE_API bool ten_app_handle_out_msg(ten_app_t *self,
-                                                    ten_shared_ptr_t *msg,
-                                                    ten_error_t *err);
+TEN_RUNTIME_PRIVATE_API bool ten_app_dispatch_msg(ten_app_t *self,
+                                                  ten_shared_ptr_t *msg,
+                                                  ten_error_t *err);
 
 TEN_RUNTIME_PRIVATE_API bool ten_app_handle_in_msg(ten_app_t *self,
                                                    ten_connection_t *connection,
diff --git a/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/extension/extension.h b/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/extension/extension.h
index 744b9d4af0..c2408ae5bd 100644
--- a/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/extension/extension.h
+++ b/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/extension/extension.h
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ TEN_RUNTIME_PRIVATE_API ten_path_in_t *
 ten_extension_get_cmd_return_path_from_itself(ten_extension_t *self,
                                               const char *cmd_id);
 
-TEN_RUNTIME_PRIVATE_API bool ten_extension_handle_out_msg(
+TEN_RUNTIME_PRIVATE_API bool ten_extension_dispatch_msg(
     ten_extension_t *extension, ten_shared_ptr_t *msg, ten_error_t *err);
 
 TEN_RUNTIME_PRIVATE_API ten_runloop_t *ten_extension_get_attached_runloop(
diff --git a/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/extension_group/msg_interface/common.h b/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/extension_group/msg_interface/common.h
index ddd948fee8..875fe27516 100644
--- a/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/extension_group/msg_interface/common.h
+++ b/core/include_internal/ten_runtime/extension_group/msg_interface/common.h
@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
 
 typedef struct ten_extension_group_t ten_extension_group_t;
 
-TEN_RUNTIME_PRIVATE_API bool ten_extension_group_handle_out_msg(
+TEN_RUNTIME_PRIVATE_API bool ten_extension_group_dispatch_msg(
     ten_extension_group_t *self, ten_shared_ptr_t *msg, ten_error_t *err);
diff --git a/core/src/ten_runtime/app/msg_interface/common.c b/core/src/ten_runtime/app/msg_interface/common.c
index 6bd658c27d..a5ee826ee0 100644
--- a/core/src/ten_runtime/app/msg_interface/common.c
+++ b/core/src/ten_runtime/app/msg_interface/common.c
@@ -274,8 +274,8 @@ static bool ten_app_handle_stop_graph_cmd(ten_app_t *self,
   return true;
 }
 
-bool ten_app_handle_out_msg(ten_app_t *self, ten_shared_ptr_t *msg,
-                            ten_error_t *err) {
+bool ten_app_dispatch_msg(ten_app_t *self, ten_shared_ptr_t *msg,
+                          ten_error_t *err) {
   // The source of the out message is the current app.
   ten_msg_set_src_to_app(msg, self);
 
diff --git a/core/src/ten_runtime/extension/extension.c b/core/src/ten_runtime/extension/extension.c
index 350769f219..35045f8f49 100644
--- a/core/src/ten_runtime/extension/extension.c
+++ b/core/src/ten_runtime/extension/extension.c
@@ -611,17 +611,8 @@ static TEN_EXTENSION_DETERMINE_OUT_MSGS_RESULT ten_extension_determine_out_msgs(
   }
 }
 
-static void ten_extension_dispatch_msg(ten_extension_t *self,
-                                       ten_shared_ptr_t *msg) {
-  TEN_ASSERT(self && ten_extension_check_integrity(self, true) && msg &&
-                 ten_msg_check_integrity(msg),
-             "Should not happen.");
-
-  ten_extension_thread_dispatch_msg(self->extension_thread, msg);
-}
-
-bool ten_extension_handle_out_msg(ten_extension_t *self, ten_shared_ptr_t *msg,
-                                  ten_error_t *err) {
+bool ten_extension_dispatch_msg(ten_extension_t *self, ten_shared_ptr_t *msg,
+                                ten_error_t *err) {
   TEN_ASSERT(self && ten_extension_check_integrity(self, true),
              "Should not happen.");
   TEN_ASSERT(msg && ten_msg_check_integrity(msg), "Should not happen.");
@@ -739,7 +730,7 @@ bool ten_extension_handle_out_msg(ten_extension_t *self, ten_shared_ptr_t *msg,
     TEN_ASSERT(result_msg && ten_msg_check_integrity(result_msg),
                "Invalid argument.");
 
-    ten_extension_dispatch_msg(self, result_msg);
+    ten_extension_thread_dispatch_msg(self->extension_thread, msg);
   }
 
 done:
diff --git a/core/src/ten_runtime/extension_group/msg_interface/common.c b/core/src/ten_runtime/extension_group/msg_interface/common.c
index f7cf7e97a0..735a0ef3b6 100644
--- a/core/src/ten_runtime/extension_group/msg_interface/common.c
+++ b/core/src/ten_runtime/extension_group/msg_interface/common.c
@@ -14,10 +14,8 @@
 #include "include_internal/ten_runtime/extension_group/extension_group.h"
 #include "include_internal/ten_runtime/msg/msg.h"
 
-// =-=-= handle_out_msg 统一成 dispatch_msg?
-bool ten_extension_group_handle_out_msg(ten_extension_group_t *self,
-                                        ten_shared_ptr_t *msg,
-                                        ten_error_t *err) {
+bool ten_extension_group_dispatch_msg(ten_extension_group_t *self,
+                                      ten_shared_ptr_t *msg, ten_error_t *err) {
   ten_msg_set_src_to_extension_group(msg, self);
 
   ten_loc_t *dest_loc = ten_msg_get_first_dest_loc(msg);
diff --git a/core/src/ten_runtime/ten_env/internal/return.c b/core/src/ten_runtime/ten_env/internal/return.c
index ee17f13b74..5c302c916c 100644
--- a/core/src/ten_runtime/ten_env/internal/return.c
+++ b/core/src/ten_runtime/ten_env/internal/return.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ static bool ten_env_return_result_internal(
       TEN_ASSERT(extension && ten_extension_check_integrity(extension, true),
                  "Invalid use of extension %p.", extension);
 
-      result = ten_extension_handle_out_msg(extension, result_cmd, err);
+      result = ten_extension_dispatch_msg(extension, result_cmd, err);
       break;
     }
 
@@ -68,9 +68,8 @@ static bool ten_env_return_result_internal(
                      ten_extension_group_check_integrity(extension_group, true),
                  "Invalid use of extension_group %p.", extension_group);
 
-      // =-=-=
       result =
-          ten_extension_group_handle_out_msg(extension_group, result_cmd, err);
+          ten_extension_group_dispatch_msg(extension_group, result_cmd, err);
       break;
     }
 
diff --git a/core/src/ten_runtime/ten_env/internal/send.c b/core/src/ten_runtime/ten_env/internal/send.c
index f948faa0c7..5438a60960 100644
--- a/core/src/ten_runtime/ten_env/internal/send.c
+++ b/core/src/ten_runtime/ten_env/internal/send.c
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ static bool ten_send_msg_internal(
       ten_extension_t *extension = ten_env_get_attached_extension(self);
       TEN_ASSERT(extension, "Should not happen.");
 
-      result = ten_extension_handle_out_msg(extension, msg, err);
+      result = ten_extension_dispatch_msg(extension, msg, err);
       break;
     }
 
@@ -112,8 +112,7 @@ static bool ten_send_msg_internal(
           ten_env_get_attached_extension_group(self);
       TEN_ASSERT(extension_group, "Should not happen.");
 
-      // =-=-=
-      result = ten_extension_group_handle_out_msg(extension_group, msg, err);
+      result = ten_extension_group_dispatch_msg(extension_group, msg, err);
       break;
     }
 
@@ -129,7 +128,7 @@ static bool ten_send_msg_internal(
       ten_app_t *app = ten_env_get_attached_app(self);
       TEN_ASSERT(app, "Should not happen.");
 
-      result = ten_app_handle_out_msg(app, msg, err);
+      result = ten_app_dispatch_msg(app, msg, err);
       break;
     }