diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/Observable.java b/src/main/java/rx/Observable.java
index c907d73280..fecad14ae4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/Observable.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/Observable.java
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ protected Observable(OnSubscribe<T> f) {
         this.onSubscribe = f;
     }
 
-    private static final RxJavaObservableExecutionHook hook = RxJavaPlugins.getInstance().getObservableExecutionHook();
+    static final RxJavaObservableExecutionHook hook = RxJavaPlugins.getInstance().getObservableExecutionHook();
 
     /**
      * Returns an Observable that will execute the specified function when a {@link Subscriber} subscribes to
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/Single.java b/src/main/java/rx/Single.java
index 60ef33b949..2d332e5de8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/Single.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/Single.java
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ private Single(final Observable.OnSubscribe<T> f) {
         this.onSubscribe = f;
     }
 
-    private static final RxJavaObservableExecutionHook hook = RxJavaPlugins.getInstance().getObservableExecutionHook();
+    static final RxJavaObservableExecutionHook hook = RxJavaPlugins.getInstance().getObservableExecutionHook();
 
     /**
      * Returns a Single that will execute the specified function when a {@link SingleSubscriber} executes it or
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/functions/Actions.java b/src/main/java/rx/functions/Actions.java
index 862bba221c..ea18eaed91 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/functions/Actions.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/functions/Actions.java
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@ private static final class EmptyAction<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> imple
             Action8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7>,
             Action9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8>,
             ActionN {
+        EmptyAction() {
+        }
+
         @Override
         public void call() {
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BlockingOperatorMostRecent.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BlockingOperatorMostRecent.java
index 89d236aabb..9b6cf64bf2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BlockingOperatorMostRecent.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BlockingOperatorMostRecent.java
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ public Iterator<T> iterator() {
     private static final class MostRecentObserver<T> extends Subscriber<T> {
         final NotificationLite<T> nl = NotificationLite.instance();
         volatile Object value;
-        
-        private MostRecentObserver(T value) {
+
+        MostRecentObserver(T value) {
             this.value = nl.next(value);
         }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BlockingOperatorNext.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BlockingOperatorNext.java
index f81577f9b3..7a55a663eb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BlockingOperatorNext.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BlockingOperatorNext.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public Iterator<T> iterator() {
         private Throwable error = null;
         private boolean started = false;
 
-        private NextIterator(Observable<? extends T> items, NextObserver<T> observer) {
+        NextIterator(Observable<? extends T> items, NextObserver<T> observer) {
             this.items = items;
             this.observer = observer;
         }
@@ -149,6 +149,9 @@ private static class NextObserver<T> extends Subscriber<Notification<? extends T
         private final BlockingQueue<Notification<? extends T>> buf = new ArrayBlockingQueue<Notification<? extends T>>(1);
         final AtomicInteger waiting = new AtomicInteger();
 
+        NextObserver() {
+        }
+
         @Override
         public void onCompleted() {
             // ignore
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BufferUntilSubscriber.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BufferUntilSubscriber.java
index f486c397f7..5e794de018 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BufferUntilSubscriber.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/BufferUntilSubscriber.java
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ public boolean hasObservers() {
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
-    private final static Observer EMPTY_OBSERVER = new Observer() {
+    final static Observer EMPTY_OBSERVER = new Observer() {
 
         @Override
         public void onCompleted() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/NotificationLite.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/NotificationLite.java
index cd223e6784..0293beab95 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/NotificationLite.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/NotificationLite.java
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public String toString() {
 
     private static class OnErrorSentinel implements Serializable {
         private static final long serialVersionUID = 3;
-        private final Throwable e;
+        final Throwable e;
 
         public OnErrorSentinel(Throwable e) {
             this.e = e;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeAmb.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeAmb.java
index 2ddd0dc820..2fe48d812f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeAmb.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeAmb.java
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ private static final class AmbSubscriber<T> extends Subscriber<T> {
         private final Selection<T> selection;
         private boolean chosen;
 
-        private AmbSubscriber(long requested, Subscriber<? super T> subscriber, Selection<T> selection) {
+        AmbSubscriber(long requested, Subscriber<? super T> subscriber, Selection<T> selection) {
             this.subscriber = subscriber;
             this.selection = selection;
             // initial request
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ public void request(long n) {
         });
     }
 
-    private static <T> void unsubscribeAmbSubscribers(Collection<AmbSubscriber<T>> ambSubscribers) {
+    static <T> void unsubscribeAmbSubscribers(Collection<AmbSubscriber<T>> ambSubscribers) {
         if(!ambSubscribers.isEmpty()) {
             for (AmbSubscriber<T> other : ambSubscribers) {
                 other.unsubscribe();
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeFromIterable.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeFromIterable.java
index f4790e75bd..b94e35c35c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeFromIterable.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeFromIterable.java
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ private static final class IterableProducer<T> extends AtomicLong implements Pro
         private final Subscriber<? super T> o;
         private final Iterator<? extends T> it;
 
-        private IterableProducer(Subscriber<? super T> o, Iterator<? extends T> it) {
+        IterableProducer(Subscriber<? super T> o, Iterator<? extends T> it) {
             this.o = o;
             this.it = it;
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRange.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRange.java
index 383d17f28f..c7631b2cb9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRange.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRange.java
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ private static final class RangeProducer extends AtomicLong implements Producer
         private final int end;
         private long index;
 
-        private RangeProducer(Subscriber<? super Integer> o, int start, int end) {
+        RangeProducer(Subscriber<? super Integer> o, int start, int end) {
             this.o = o;
             this.index = start;
             this.end = end;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRedo.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRedo.java
index 6420e66451..d30ddc1343 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRedo.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRedo.java
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ public Notification<?> call(Notification<?> terminal) {
     };
 
     public static final class RedoFinite implements Func1<Observable<? extends Notification<?>>, Observable<?>> {
-        private final long count;
+        final long count;
 
         public RedoFinite(long count) {
             this.count = count;
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public Notification<?> call(Notification<?> terminalNotification) {
     }
 
     public static final class RetryWithPredicate implements Func1<Observable<? extends Notification<?>>, Observable<? extends Notification<?>>> {
-        private final Func2<Integer, Throwable, Boolean> predicate;
+        final Func2<Integer, Throwable, Boolean> predicate;
 
         public RetryWithPredicate(Func2<Integer, Throwable, Boolean> predicate) {
             this.predicate = predicate;
@@ -173,10 +173,10 @@ public static <T> Observable<T> redo(Observable<T> source, Func1<? super Observa
         return create(new OnSubscribeRedo<T>(source, notificationHandler, false, false, scheduler));
     }
 
-    private final Observable<T> source;
+    final Observable<T> source;
     private final Func1<? super Observable<? extends Notification<?>>, ? extends Observable<?>> controlHandlerFunction;
-    private final boolean stopOnComplete;
-    private final boolean stopOnError;
+    final boolean stopOnComplete;
+    final boolean stopOnError;
     private final Scheduler scheduler;
 
     private OnSubscribeRedo(Observable<T> source, Func1<? super Observable<? extends Notification<?>>, ? extends Observable<?>> f, boolean stopOnComplete, boolean stopOnError,
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRefCount.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRefCount.java
index cc422453f2..82ec0e6c38 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRefCount.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeRefCount.java
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@
 public final class OnSubscribeRefCount<T> implements OnSubscribe<T> {
 
     private final ConnectableObservable<? extends T> source;
-    private volatile CompositeSubscription baseSubscription = new CompositeSubscription();
-    private final AtomicInteger subscriptionCount = new AtomicInteger(0);
+    volatile CompositeSubscription baseSubscription = new CompositeSubscription();
+    final AtomicInteger subscriptionCount = new AtomicInteger(0);
 
     /**
      * Use this lock for every subscription and disconnect action.
      */
-    private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+    final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
 
     /**
      * Constructor.
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeToObservableFuture.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeToObservableFuture.java
index 72adcf5d50..0f6e2e3f76 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeToObservableFuture.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeToObservableFuture.java
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ private OnSubscribeToObservableFuture() {
     }
 
     /* package accessible for unit tests */static class ToObservableFuture<T> implements OnSubscribe<T> {
-        private final Future<? extends T> that;
+        final Future<? extends T> that;
         private final long time;
         private final TimeUnit unit;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeUsing.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeUsing.java
index 4355e78221..4dd483b4cc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeUsing.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OnSubscribeUsing.java
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ private static final class DisposeAction<Resource> extends AtomicBoolean impleme
         private Action1<? super Resource> dispose;
         private Resource resource;
 
-        private DisposeAction(Action1<? super Resource> dispose, Resource resource) {
+        DisposeAction(Action1<? super Resource> dispose, Resource resource) {
             this.dispose = dispose;
             this.resource = resource;
             lazySet(false); // StoreStore barrier
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAll.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAll.java
index 00845c7334..91160c048e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAll.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAll.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  * <img width="640" src="https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxJava/wiki/images/rx-operators/all.png" alt="">
  */
 public final class OperatorAll<T> implements Operator<Boolean, T> {
-    private final Func1<? super T, Boolean> predicate;
+    final Func1<? super T, Boolean> predicate;
 
     public OperatorAll(Func1<? super T, Boolean> predicate) {
         this.predicate = predicate;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAny.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAny.java
index ac84ec961f..50934a6513 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAny.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAny.java
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@
  * an observable sequence satisfies a condition, otherwise <code>false</code>.
  */
 public final class OperatorAny<T> implements Operator<Boolean, T> {
-    private final Func1<? super T, Boolean> predicate;
-    private final boolean returnOnEmpty;
+    final Func1<? super T, Boolean> predicate;
+    final boolean returnOnEmpty;
 
     public OperatorAny(Func1<? super T, Boolean> predicate, boolean returnOnEmpty) {
         this.predicate = predicate;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAsObservable.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAsObservable.java
index 41f2cb3ebc..8efa3e8f6f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAsObservable.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorAsObservable.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ private static final class Holder {
     public static <T> OperatorAsObservable<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorAsObservable<T>)Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
-    private OperatorAsObservable() { }
+    OperatorAsObservable() { }
     @Override
     public Subscriber<? super T> call(Subscriber<? super T> s) {
         return s;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorCast.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorCast.java
index 248fcb1970..825847b5ce 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorCast.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorCast.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  */
 public class OperatorCast<T, R> implements Operator<R, T> {
 
-    private final Class<R> castClass;
+    final Class<R> castClass;
 
     public OperatorCast(Class<R> castClass) {
         this.castClass = castClass;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorConcat.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorConcat.java
index c3ab903658..8455cc55b3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorConcat.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorConcat.java
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ private static final class Holder {
     public static <T> OperatorConcat<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorConcat<T>)Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
-    private OperatorConcat() { }
+    OperatorConcat() { }
     @Override
     public Subscriber<? super Observable<? extends T>> call(final Subscriber<? super T> child) {
         final SerializedSubscriber<T> s = new SerializedSubscriber<T>(child);
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDematerialize.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDematerialize.java
index d9a154d795..5fd8d7fdfa 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDematerialize.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDematerialize.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ private static final class Holder {
     public static OperatorDematerialize instance() {
         return Holder.INSTANCE; // using raw types because the type inference is not good enough
     }
-    private OperatorDematerialize() { }
+    OperatorDematerialize() { }
     @Override
     public Subscriber<? super Notification<T>> call(final Subscriber<? super T> child) {
         return new Subscriber<Notification<T>>(child) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDoOnEach.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDoOnEach.java
index 1e3a680dac..3e274b17c4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDoOnEach.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDoOnEach.java
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
  * Converts the elements of an observable sequence to the specified type.
  */
 public class OperatorDoOnEach<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
-    private final Observer<? super T> doOnEachObserver;
+    final Observer<? super T> doOnEachObserver;
 
     public OperatorDoOnEach(Observer<? super T> doOnEachObserver) {
         this.doOnEachObserver = doOnEachObserver;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDoOnRequest.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDoOnRequest.java
index 2c77a584ca..d68c3497aa 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDoOnRequest.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorDoOnRequest.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  */
 public class OperatorDoOnRequest<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final Action1<Long> request;
+    final Action1<Long> request;
 
     public OperatorDoOnRequest(Action1<Long> request) {
         this.request = request;
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public void request(long n) {
     private static final class ParentSubscriber<T> extends Subscriber<T> {
         private final Subscriber<? super T> child;
 
-        private ParentSubscriber(Subscriber<? super T> child) {
+        ParentSubscriber(Subscriber<? super T> child) {
             this.child = child;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorElementAt.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorElementAt.java
index 19a156dfa2..516e73f282 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorElementAt.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorElementAt.java
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorElementAt<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final int index;
-    private final boolean hasDefault;
-    private final T defaultValue;
+    final int index;
+    final boolean hasDefault;
+    final T defaultValue;
 
     public OperatorElementAt(int index) {
         this(index, null, false);
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorFilter.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorFilter.java
index 2dbd827a94..3704dbc4a3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorFilter.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorFilter<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final Func1<? super T, Boolean> predicate;
+    final Func1<? super T, Boolean> predicate;
 
     public OperatorFilter(Func1<? super T, Boolean> predicate) {
         this.predicate = predicate;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorIgnoreElements.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorIgnoreElements.java
index 3f38d8e585..00098f85a2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorIgnoreElements.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorIgnoreElements.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public static <T> OperatorIgnoreElements<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorIgnoreElements<T>) Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
 
-    private OperatorIgnoreElements() {
+    OperatorIgnoreElements() {
 
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMap.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMap.java
index 5816887479..90925c2764 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMap.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorMap<T, R> implements Operator<R, T> {
 
-    private final Func1<? super T, ? extends R> transformer;
+    final Func1<? super T, ? extends R> transformer;
 
     public OperatorMap(Func1<? super T, ? extends R> transformer) {
         this.transformer = transformer;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMapNotification.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMapNotification.java
index a0c0994032..8abe7b828e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMapNotification.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMapNotification.java
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorMapNotification<T, R> implements Operator<R, T> {
 
-    private final Func1<? super T, ? extends R> onNext;
-    private final Func1<? super Throwable, ? extends R> onError;
-    private final Func0<? extends R> onCompleted;
+    final Func1<? super T, ? extends R> onNext;
+    final Func1<? super Throwable, ? extends R> onError;
+    final Func0<? extends R> onCompleted;
 
     public OperatorMapNotification(Func1<? super T, ? extends R> onNext, Func1<? super Throwable, ? extends R> onError, Func0<? extends R> onCompleted) {
         this.onNext = onNext;
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ final class MapNotificationSubscriber extends Subscriber<T> {
         private final Subscriber<? super R> o;
         private final ProducerArbiter pa;
         final SingleEmitter<R> emitter;
-        
-        private MapNotificationSubscriber(ProducerArbiter pa, Subscriber<? super R> o) {
+
+        MapNotificationSubscriber(ProducerArbiter pa, Subscriber<? super R> o) {
             this.pa = pa;
             this.o = o;
             this.emitter = new SingleEmitter<R>(o, pa, this);
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMaterialize.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMaterialize.java
index 32b49c6c77..4a90f1f43f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMaterialize.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMaterialize.java
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public static <T> OperatorMaterialize<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorMaterialize<T>) Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
 
-    private OperatorMaterialize() {
+    OperatorMaterialize() {
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMerge.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMerge.java
index 3fd96791a0..56a7058d26 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMerge.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMerge.java
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public static <T> OperatorMerge<T> instance(boolean delayErrors, int maxConcurre
     final boolean delayErrors;
     final int maxConcurrent;
 
-    private OperatorMerge(boolean delayErrors, int maxConcurrent) {
+    OperatorMerge(boolean delayErrors, int maxConcurrent) {
         this.delayErrors = delayErrors;
         this.maxConcurrent = maxConcurrent;
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMulticast.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMulticast.java
index 8ec88140c2..fcdededbed 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMulticast.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorMulticast.java
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ public final class OperatorMulticast<T, R> extends ConnectableObservable<R> {
     final List<Subscriber<? super R>> waitingForConnect;
 
     /** Guarded by guard. */
-    private Subscriber<T> subscription;
+    Subscriber<T> subscription;
     // wraps subscription above for unsubscription using guard
-    private Subscription guardedSubscription;
+    Subscription guardedSubscription;
 
     public OperatorMulticast(Observable<? extends T> source, final Func0<? extends Subject<? super T, ? extends R>> subjectFactory) {
         this(new Object(), new AtomicReference<Subject<? super T, ? extends R>>(), new ArrayList<Subscriber<? super R>>(), source, subjectFactory);
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureBuffer.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureBuffer.java
index cb39a53ef7..4aff6fc162 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureBuffer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureBuffer.java
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ private static class Holder {
     public static <T> OperatorOnBackpressureBuffer<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorOnBackpressureBuffer<T>) Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
-    
-    private OperatorOnBackpressureBuffer() {
+
+    OperatorOnBackpressureBuffer() {
         this.capacity = null;
         this.onOverflow = null;
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureDrop.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureDrop.java
index fee6289a4b..a9a8def2d4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureDrop.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureDrop.java
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ public static <T> OperatorOnBackpressureDrop<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorOnBackpressureDrop<T>)Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
 
-    private final Action1<? super T> onDrop;
+    final Action1<? super T> onDrop;
 
-    private OperatorOnBackpressureDrop() {
+    OperatorOnBackpressureDrop() {
         this(null);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureLatest.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureLatest.java
index 512010515c..2bf909289e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureLatest.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnBackpressureLatest.java
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ void emit() {
     static final class LatestSubscriber<T> extends Subscriber<T> {
         private final LatestEmitter<T> producer;
 
-        private LatestSubscriber(LatestEmitter<T> producer) {
+        LatestSubscriber(LatestEmitter<T> producer) {
             this.producer = producer;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnErrorResumeNextViaFunction.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnErrorResumeNextViaFunction.java
index 5141a0974d..b12c10d391 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnErrorResumeNextViaFunction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorOnErrorResumeNextViaFunction.java
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorOnErrorResumeNextViaFunction<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final Func1<Throwable, ? extends Observable<? extends T>> resumeFunction;
+    final Func1<Throwable, ? extends Observable<? extends T>> resumeFunction;
 
     public OperatorOnErrorResumeNextViaFunction(Func1<Throwable, ? extends Observable<? extends T>> f) {
         this.resumeFunction = f;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorScan.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorScan.java
index f91d9b28f2..4ce2e4ce4c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorScan.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorScan.java
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 public final class OperatorScan<R, T> implements Operator<R, T> {
 
     private final Func0<R> initialValueFactory;
-    private final Func2<R, ? super T, R> accumulator;
+    final Func2<R, ? super T, R> accumulator;
     // sentinel if we don't receive an initial value
     private static final Object NO_INITIAL_VALUE = new Object();
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSequenceEqual.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSequenceEqual.java
index b03855f63a..06a30edcde 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSequenceEqual.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSequenceEqual.java
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ private OperatorSequenceEqual() {
     }
 
     /** NotificationLite doesn't work as zip uses it. */
-    private static final Object LOCAL_ONCOMPLETED = new Object();
+    static final Object LOCAL_ONCOMPLETED = new Object();
     static <T> Observable<Object> materializeLite(Observable<T> source) {
         return concat(
                 source.map(new Func1<T, Object>() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSerialize.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSerialize.java
index 334ddef679..a8d7dd4a47 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSerialize.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSerialize.java
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ private static final class Holder {
     public static <T> OperatorSerialize<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorSerialize<T>)Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
-    private OperatorSerialize() { }
+    OperatorSerialize() { }
     @Override
     public Subscriber<? super T> call(final Subscriber<? super T> s) {
         return new SerializedSubscriber<T>(new Subscriber<T>(s) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSingle.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSingle.java
index 53afca58c8..252b6c4ac3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSingle.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSingle.java
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ private static class Holder {
     public static <T> OperatorSingle<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorSingle<T>) Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
-    
-    private OperatorSingle() {
+
+    OperatorSingle() {
         this(false, null);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipLast.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipLast.java
index 995e4eb777..be877a6b48 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipLast.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipLast.java
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  */
 public class OperatorSkipLast<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final int count;
+    final int count;
 
     public OperatorSkipLast(int count) {
         if (count < 0) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipLastTimed.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipLastTimed.java
index 7ea9c774b0..6bc24579ae 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipLastTimed.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipLastTimed.java
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
  */
 public class OperatorSkipLastTimed<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final long timeInMillis;
-    private final Scheduler scheduler;
+    final long timeInMillis;
+    final Scheduler scheduler;
 
     public OperatorSkipLastTimed(long time, TimeUnit unit, Scheduler scheduler) {
         this.timeInMillis = unit.toMillis(time);
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipWhile.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipWhile.java
index 37ff4b498d..7936901a0e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipWhile.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSkipWhile.java
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
  * as soon as the condition becomes false.
  */
 public final class OperatorSkipWhile<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
-    private final Func2<? super T, Integer, Boolean> predicate;
+    final Func2<? super T, Integer, Boolean> predicate;
 
     public OperatorSkipWhile(Func2<? super T, Integer, Boolean> predicate) {
         this.predicate = predicate;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSwitch.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSwitch.java
index cbd02e1b58..5f95f38c3d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSwitch.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorSwitch.java
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ private static final class Holder {
     public static <T> OperatorSwitch<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorSwitch<T>)Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
-    
-    private OperatorSwitch() { }
-    
+
+    OperatorSwitch() { }
+
     @Override
     public Subscriber<? super Observable<? extends T>> call(final Subscriber<? super T> child) {
         SwitchSubscriber<T> sws = new SwitchSubscriber<T>(child);
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLast.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLast.java
index 54c1a0c43a..2812c4e87c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLast.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLast.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorTakeLast<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final int count;
+    final int count;
 
     public OperatorTakeLast(int count) {
         if (count < 0) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLastOne.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLastOne.java
index a7998a1667..6f8bf86259 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLastOne.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLastOne.java
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public static <T> OperatorTakeLastOne<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorTakeLastOne<T>) Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
 
-    private OperatorTakeLastOne() {
+    OperatorTakeLastOne() {
 
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLastTimed.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLastTimed.java
index 48544f505c..ec7cc12493 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLastTimed.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeLastTimed.java
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorTakeLastTimed<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final long ageMillis;
-    private final Scheduler scheduler;
-    private final int count;
+    final long ageMillis;
+    final Scheduler scheduler;
+    final int count;
 
     public OperatorTakeLastTimed(long time, TimeUnit unit, Scheduler scheduler) {
         this.ageMillis = unit.toMillis(time);
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeUntilPredicate.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeUntilPredicate.java
index c65946bab1..36ce00271b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeUntilPredicate.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeUntilPredicate.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ private final class ParentSubscriber extends Subscriber<T> {
         private final Subscriber<? super T> child;
         private boolean done = false;
 
-        private ParentSubscriber(Subscriber<? super T> child) {
+        ParentSubscriber(Subscriber<? super T> child) {
             this.child = child;
         }
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ void downstreamRequest(long n) {
         }
     }
 
-    private final Func1<? super T, Boolean> stopPredicate;
+    final Func1<? super T, Boolean> stopPredicate;
 
     public OperatorTakeUntilPredicate(final Func1<? super T, Boolean> stopPredicate) {
         this.stopPredicate = stopPredicate;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeWhile.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeWhile.java
index 0c34df7b6f..e241ace057 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeWhile.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTakeWhile.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorTakeWhile<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final Func2<? super T, ? super Integer, Boolean> predicate;
+    final Func2<? super T, ? super Integer, Boolean> predicate;
 
     public OperatorTakeWhile(final Func1<? super T, Boolean> underlying) {
         this(new Func2<T, Integer, Boolean>() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorThrottleFirst.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorThrottleFirst.java
index 0f14839e47..2bf960931d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorThrottleFirst.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorThrottleFirst.java
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorThrottleFirst<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final long timeInMilliseconds;
-    private final Scheduler scheduler;
+    final long timeInMilliseconds;
+    final Scheduler scheduler;
 
     public OperatorThrottleFirst(long windowDuration, TimeUnit unit, Scheduler scheduler) {
         this.timeInMilliseconds = unit.toMillis(windowDuration);
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimeInterval.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimeInterval.java
index 4b76ea768d..e73f6fd0d3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimeInterval.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimeInterval.java
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorTimeInterval<T> implements Operator<TimeInterval<T>, T> {
 
-    private final Scheduler scheduler;
+    final Scheduler scheduler;
 
     public OperatorTimeInterval(Scheduler scheduler) {
         this.scheduler = scheduler;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimeoutBase.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimeoutBase.java
index 65b940640c..d4700bcb9b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimeoutBase.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimeoutBase.java
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ public Subscriber<? super T> call(Subscriber<? super T> subscriber) {
         
         final AtomicInteger terminated = new AtomicInteger();
         final AtomicLong actual = new AtomicLong();
-        
-        private TimeoutSubscriber(
+
+        TimeoutSubscriber(
                 SerializedSubscriber<T> serializedSubscriber,
                 TimeoutStub<T> timeoutStub, SerialSubscription serial,
                 Observable<? extends T> other,
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimestamp.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimestamp.java
index 2e24fbf169..284c0e2124 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimestamp.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorTimestamp.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  */
 public final class OperatorTimestamp<T> implements Operator<Timestamped<T>, T> {
 
-    private final Scheduler scheduler;
+    final Scheduler scheduler;
 
     public OperatorTimestamp(Scheduler scheduler) {
         this.scheduler = scheduler;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToMap.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToMap.java
index 5b81e071fb..0a1ea9fcd0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToMap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToMap.java
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ public Map<K, V> call() {
     }
 
 
-    private final Func1<? super T, ? extends K> keySelector;
+    final Func1<? super T, ? extends K> keySelector;
 
-    private final Func1<? super T, ? extends V> valueSelector;
+    final Func1<? super T, ? extends V> valueSelector;
 
     private final Func0<? extends Map<K, V>> mapFactory;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToMultimap.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToMultimap.java
index 6b840bed18..1f3423e02c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToMultimap.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToMultimap.java
@@ -58,10 +58,10 @@ public Collection<V> call(K t1) {
         }
     }
 
-    private final Func1<? super T, ? extends K> keySelector;
-    private final Func1<? super T, ? extends V> valueSelector;
+    final Func1<? super T, ? extends K> keySelector;
+    final Func1<? super T, ? extends V> valueSelector;
     private final Func0<? extends Map<K, Collection<V>>> mapFactory;
-    private final Func1<? super K, ? extends Collection<V>> collectionFactory;
+    final Func1<? super K, ? extends Collection<V>> collectionFactory;
 
     /**
      * ToMultimap with key selector, custom value selector,
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToObservableList.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToObservableList.java
index d2e9d717f6..66e0bb188a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToObservableList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToObservableList.java
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ private static final class Holder {
     public static <T> OperatorToObservableList<T> instance() {
         return (OperatorToObservableList<T>)Holder.INSTANCE;
     }
-    private OperatorToObservableList() { }
+    OperatorToObservableList() { }
     @Override
     public Subscriber<? super T> call(final Subscriber<? super List<T>> o) {
         final SingleDelayedProducer<List<T>> producer = new SingleDelayedProducer<List<T>>(o);
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToObservableSortedList.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToObservableSortedList.java
index 19246cbe7c..ab74e44f17 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToObservableSortedList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorToObservableSortedList.java
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@
  *          the type of the items emitted by the source and the resulting {@code Observable}s
  */
 public final class OperatorToObservableSortedList<T> implements Operator<List<T>, T> {
-    private final Comparator<? super T> sortFunction;
-    private final int initialCapacity;
+    final Comparator<? super T> sortFunction;
+    final int initialCapacity;
 
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public OperatorToObservableSortedList(int initialCapacity) {
@@ -105,6 +105,8 @@ public void onNext(T value) {
     private static Comparator DEFAULT_SORT_FUNCTION = new DefaultComparableFunction();
 
     private static class DefaultComparableFunction implements Comparator<Object> {
+        DefaultComparableFunction() {
+        }
 
         // unchecked because we want to support Object for this default
         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorUnsubscribeOn.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorUnsubscribeOn.java
index 20957e29f4..327b4d1d24 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorUnsubscribeOn.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorUnsubscribeOn.java
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  */
 public class OperatorUnsubscribeOn<T> implements Operator<T, T> {
 
-    private final Scheduler scheduler;
+    final Scheduler scheduler;
 
     public OperatorUnsubscribeOn(Scheduler scheduler) {
         this.scheduler = scheduler;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorZip.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorZip.java
index 2c17761b14..91fc05f09f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorZip.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/operators/OperatorZip.java
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public void request(long n) {
     }
 
     private static final class Zip<R> extends AtomicLong {
-        private final Observer<? super R> child;
+        final Observer<? super R> child;
         private final FuncN<? extends R> zipFunction;
         private final CompositeSubscription childSubscription = new CompositeSubscription();
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/schedulers/EventLoopsScheduler.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/schedulers/EventLoopsScheduler.java
index 76d3f95926..afcf7464ed 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/schedulers/EventLoopsScheduler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/schedulers/EventLoopsScheduler.java
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@
 public class EventLoopsScheduler extends Scheduler implements SchedulerLifecycle {
     /** Manages a fixed number of workers. */
     private static final String THREAD_NAME_PREFIX = "RxComputationThreadPool-";
-    private static final RxThreadFactory THREAD_FACTORY = new RxThreadFactory(THREAD_NAME_PREFIX);
-    /** 
+    static final RxThreadFactory THREAD_FACTORY = new RxThreadFactory(THREAD_NAME_PREFIX);
+    /**
      * Key to setting the maximum number of computation scheduler threads.
      * Zero or less is interpreted as use available. Capped by available.
      */
@@ -172,8 +172,8 @@ public Subscription schedule(Action0 action, long delayTime, TimeUnit unit) {
             return poolWorker.scheduleActual(action, delayTime, unit, timed);
         }
     }
-    
-    private static final class PoolWorker extends NewThreadWorker {
+
+    static final class PoolWorker extends NewThreadWorker {
         PoolWorker(ThreadFactory threadFactory) {
             super(threadFactory);
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/schedulers/ScheduledAction.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/schedulers/ScheduledAction.java
index 8ddd18870b..0f7d145a20 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/schedulers/ScheduledAction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/schedulers/ScheduledAction.java
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public void addParent(SubscriptionList parent) {
     private final class FutureCompleter implements Subscription {
         private final Future<?> f;
 
-        private FutureCompleter(Future<?> f) {
+        FutureCompleter(Future<?> f) {
             this.f = f;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/IndexedRingBuffer.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/IndexedRingBuffer.java
index f2fe163276..4bf941dee1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/IndexedRingBuffer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/IndexedRingBuffer.java
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ public void unsubscribe() {
         releaseToPool();
     }
 
-    private IndexedRingBuffer() {
+    IndexedRingBuffer() {
     }
 
     /**
@@ -483,8 +483,11 @@ private int forEach(Func1<? super E, Boolean> action, int startIndex, int endInd
     }
 
     private static class ElementSection<E> {
-        private final AtomicReferenceArray<E> array = new AtomicReferenceArray<E>(SIZE);
-        private final AtomicReference<ElementSection<E>> next = new AtomicReference<ElementSection<E>>();
+        final AtomicReferenceArray<E> array = new AtomicReferenceArray<E>(SIZE);
+        final AtomicReference<ElementSection<E>> next = new AtomicReference<ElementSection<E>>();
+
+        ElementSection() {
+        }
 
         ElementSection<E> getNext() {
             if (next.get() != null) {
@@ -506,6 +509,9 @@ private static class IndexSection {
 
         private final AtomicIntegerArray unsafeArray = new AtomicIntegerArray(SIZE);
 
+        IndexSection() {
+        }
+
         public int getAndSet(int expected, int newValue) {
             return unsafeArray.getAndSet(expected, newValue);
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/ObjectPool.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/ObjectPool.java
index 504c10cad4..0aa005208e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/ObjectPool.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/ObjectPool.java
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@
 import rx.schedulers.Schedulers;
 
 public abstract class ObjectPool<T> implements SchedulerLifecycle {
-    private Queue<T> pool;
-    private final int minSize;
-    private final int maxSize;
+    Queue<T> pool;
+    final int minSize;
+    final int maxSize;
     private final long validationInterval;
 
     private final AtomicReference<Worker> schedulerWorker;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/ScalarSynchronousObservable.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/ScalarSynchronousObservable.java
index 145a67096e..9a1dce56d7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/ScalarSynchronousObservable.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/ScalarSynchronousObservable.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public static final <T> ScalarSynchronousObservable<T> create(T t) {
         return new ScalarSynchronousObservable<T>(t);
     }
 
-    private final T t;
+    final T t;
 
     protected ScalarSynchronousObservable(final T t) {
         super(new OnSubscribe<T>() {
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ static final class ScalarSynchronousAction<T> implements Action0 {
         private final Subscriber<? super T> subscriber;
         private final T value;
 
-        private ScalarSynchronousAction(Subscriber<? super T> subscriber,
+        ScalarSynchronousAction(Subscriber<? super T> subscriber,
                 T value) {
             this.subscriber = subscriber;
             this.value = value;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/UtilityFunctions.java b/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/UtilityFunctions.java
index 2a94cb95f9..2d233a4fb1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/UtilityFunctions.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/internal/util/UtilityFunctions.java
@@ -104,6 +104,9 @@ private static final class NullFunction<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9,
             Func8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, R>,
             Func9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, R>,
             FuncN<R> {
+        NullFunction() {
+        }
+
         @Override
         public R call() {
             return null;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/observables/AsyncOnSubscribe.java b/src/main/java/rx/observables/AsyncOnSubscribe.java
index 61cbe79e7c..d95dc82b9d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/observables/AsyncOnSubscribe.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/observables/AsyncOnSubscribe.java
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ private static final class AsyncOnSubscribeImpl<S, T> extends AsyncOnSubscribe<S
         private final Func3<? super S, Long, ? super Observer<Observable<? extends T>>, ? extends S> next;
         private final Action1<? super S> onUnsubscribe;
 
-        private AsyncOnSubscribeImpl(Func0<? extends S> generator, Func3<? super S, Long, ? super Observer<Observable<? extends T>>, ? extends S> next, Action1<? super S> onUnsubscribe) {
+        AsyncOnSubscribeImpl(Func0<? extends S> generator, Func3<? super S, Long, ? super Observer<Observable<? extends T>>, ? extends S> next, Action1<? super S> onUnsubscribe) {
             this.generator = generator;
             this.next = next;
             this.onUnsubscribe = onUnsubscribe;
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ static final class AsyncOuterManager<S, T> implements Producer, Subscription, Ob
 
         private final AsyncOnSubscribe<S, T> parent;
         private final SerializedObserver<Observable<? extends T>> serializedSubscriber;
-        private final CompositeSubscription subscriptions = new CompositeSubscription();
+        final CompositeSubscription subscriptions = new CompositeSubscription();
 
         private boolean hasTerminated;
         private boolean onNextCalled;
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ public void onNext(T t) {
         }
 
         static final class State<T> implements OnSubscribe<T> {
-            private Subscriber<? super T> subscriber;
+            Subscriber<? super T> subscriber;
             @Override
             public void call(Subscriber<? super T> s) {
                 synchronized (this) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/observables/BlockingObservable.java b/src/main/java/rx/observables/BlockingObservable.java
index c1ded4c217..c5b3588e32 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/observables/BlockingObservable.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/observables/BlockingObservable.java
@@ -538,14 +538,14 @@ public void onCompleted() {
     }
     
     /** Constant to indicate the onStart method should be called. */
-    private static final Object ON_START = new Object();
-    
+    static final Object ON_START = new Object();
+
     /** Constant indicating the setProducer method should be called. */
-    private static final Object SET_PRODUCER = new Object();
+    static final Object SET_PRODUCER = new Object();
 
     /** Indicates an unsubscripton happened */
-    private static final Object UNSUBSCRIBE = new Object();
-    
+    static final Object UNSUBSCRIBE = new Object();
+
     /**
      * Subscribes to the source and calls the Subscriber methods on the current thread.
      * <p>
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/observables/SyncOnSubscribe.java b/src/main/java/rx/observables/SyncOnSubscribe.java
index c75173a094..707e047b2a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/observables/SyncOnSubscribe.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/observables/SyncOnSubscribe.java
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ private static final class SyncOnSubscribeImpl<S, T> extends SyncOnSubscribe<S,
         private final Func2<? super S, ? super Observer<? super T>, ? extends S> next;
         private final Action1<? super S> onUnsubscribe;
 
-        private SyncOnSubscribeImpl(Func0<? extends S> generator, Func2<? super S, ? super Observer<? super T>, ? extends S> next, Action1<? super S> onUnsubscribe) {
+        SyncOnSubscribeImpl(Func0<? extends S> generator, Func2<? super S, ? super Observer<? super T>, ? extends S> next, Action1<? super S> onUnsubscribe) {
             this.generator = generator;
             this.next = next;
             this.onUnsubscribe = onUnsubscribe;
@@ -322,8 +322,8 @@ private static class SubscriptionProducer<S, T>
         private boolean hasTerminated;
         
         private S state;
-        
-        private SubscriptionProducer(final Subscriber<? super T> subscriber, SyncOnSubscribe<S, T> parent, S state) {
+
+        SubscriptionProducer(final Subscriber<? super T> subscriber, SyncOnSubscribe<S, T> parent, S state) {
             this.actualSubscriber = subscriber;
             this.parent = parent;
             this.state = state;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/CachedThreadScheduler.java b/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/CachedThreadScheduler.java
index 6ef56a17cb..31c6f9288f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/CachedThreadScheduler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/CachedThreadScheduler.java
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@
 
 /* package */final class CachedThreadScheduler extends Scheduler implements SchedulerLifecycle {
     private static final String WORKER_THREAD_NAME_PREFIX = "RxCachedThreadScheduler-";
-    private static final RxThreadFactory WORKER_THREAD_FACTORY =
+    static final RxThreadFactory WORKER_THREAD_FACTORY =
             new RxThreadFactory(WORKER_THREAD_NAME_PREFIX);
 
     private static final String EVICTOR_THREAD_NAME_PREFIX = "RxCachedWorkerPoolEvictor-";
-    private static final RxThreadFactory EVICTOR_THREAD_FACTORY =
+    static final RxThreadFactory EVICTOR_THREAD_FACTORY =
             new RxThreadFactory(EVICTOR_THREAD_NAME_PREFIX);
 
     private static final long KEEP_ALIVE_TIME = 60;
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/ImmediateScheduler.java b/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/ImmediateScheduler.java
index 4b9c27787f..e480754a58 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/ImmediateScheduler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/ImmediateScheduler.java
@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ private class InnerImmediateScheduler extends Scheduler.Worker implements Subscr
 
         final BooleanSubscription innerSubscription = new BooleanSubscription();
 
+        InnerImmediateScheduler() {
+        }
+
         @Override
         public Subscription schedule(Action0 action, long delayTime, TimeUnit unit) {
             // since we are executing immediately on this thread we must cause this thread to sleep
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/TestScheduler.java b/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/TestScheduler.java
index c808a1a366..fec8bbcd75 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/TestScheduler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/TestScheduler.java
@@ -31,17 +31,17 @@
  * advancing the clock at whatever pace you choose.
  */
 public class TestScheduler extends Scheduler {
-    private final Queue<TimedAction> queue = new PriorityQueue<TimedAction>(11, new CompareActionsByTime());
-    private static long counter = 0;
+    final Queue<TimedAction> queue = new PriorityQueue<TimedAction>(11, new CompareActionsByTime());
+    static long counter = 0;
 
     private static final class TimedAction {
 
-        private final long time;
-        private final Action0 action;
-        private final Worker scheduler;
+        final long time;
+        final Action0 action;
+        final Worker scheduler;
         private final long count = counter++; // for differentiating tasks at same time
 
-        private TimedAction(Worker scheduler, long time, Action0 action) {
+        TimedAction(Worker scheduler, long time, Action0 action) {
             this.time = time;
             this.action = action;
             this.scheduler = scheduler;
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ public String toString() {
     }
 
     private static class CompareActionsByTime implements Comparator<TimedAction> {
+        CompareActionsByTime() {
+        }
+
         @Override
         public int compare(TimedAction action1, TimedAction action2) {
             if (action1.time == action2.time) {
@@ -65,7 +68,7 @@ public int compare(TimedAction action1, TimedAction action2) {
     }
 
     // Storing time in nanoseconds internally.
-    private long time;
+    long time;
 
     @Override
     public long now() {
@@ -132,6 +135,9 @@ private final class InnerTestScheduler extends Worker {
 
         private final BooleanSubscription s = new BooleanSubscription();
 
+        InnerTestScheduler() {
+        }
+
         @Override
         public void unsubscribe() {
             s.unsubscribe();
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/TrampolineScheduler.java b/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/TrampolineScheduler.java
index 9f7b14eb43..45bb18546c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/TrampolineScheduler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/schedulers/TrampolineScheduler.java
@@ -47,10 +47,13 @@ public Worker createWorker() {
     private static class InnerCurrentThreadScheduler extends Scheduler.Worker implements Subscription {
 
         final AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger();
-        private final PriorityBlockingQueue<TimedAction> queue = new PriorityBlockingQueue<TimedAction>();
+        final PriorityBlockingQueue<TimedAction> queue = new PriorityBlockingQueue<TimedAction>();
         private final BooleanSubscription innerSubscription = new BooleanSubscription();
         private final AtomicInteger wip = new AtomicInteger();
 
+        InnerCurrentThreadScheduler() {
+        }
+
         @Override
         public Subscription schedule(Action0 action) {
             return enqueue(action, now());
@@ -108,7 +111,7 @@ private static final class TimedAction implements Comparable<TimedAction> {
         final Long execTime;
         final int count; // In case if time between enqueueing took less than 1ms
 
-        private TimedAction(Action0 action, Long execTime, int count) {
+        TimedAction(Action0 action, Long execTime, int count) {
             this.action = action;
             this.execTime = execTime;
             this.count = count;
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ public int compareTo(TimedAction that) {
     }
 
     // because I can't use Integer.compare from Java 7
-    private static int compare(int x, int y) {
+    static int compare(int x, int y) {
         return (x < y) ? -1 : ((x == y) ? 0 : 1);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/subjects/TestSubject.java b/src/main/java/rx/subjects/TestSubject.java
index 2cc32b007c..f7a0caee2a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/subjects/TestSubject.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/subjects/TestSubject.java
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public void onCompleted() {
         onCompleted(0);
     }
 
-    private void _onCompleted() {
+    void _onCompleted() {
         if (state.active) {
             for (SubjectObserver<T> bo : state.terminate(NotificationLite.instance().completed())) {
                 bo.onCompleted();
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public void onError(final Throwable e) {
         onError(e, 0);
     }
 
-    private void _onError(final Throwable e) {
+    void _onError(final Throwable e) {
         if (state.active) {
             for (SubjectObserver<T> bo : state.terminate(NotificationLite.instance().error(e))) {
                 bo.onError(e);
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ public void onNext(T v) {
         onNext(v, 0);
     }
 
-    private void _onNext(T v) {
+    void _onNext(T v) {
         for (Observer<? super T> o : state.observers()) {
             o.onNext(v);
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/rx/subscriptions/Subscriptions.java b/src/main/java/rx/subscriptions/Subscriptions.java
index a86f5ef090..64d941f13d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/rx/subscriptions/Subscriptions.java
+++ b/src/main/java/rx/subscriptions/Subscriptions.java
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public static CompositeSubscription from(Subscription... subscriptions) {
      */
     private static final Unsubscribed UNSUBSCRIBED = new Unsubscribed();
         /** Naming classes helps with debugging. */
-    private static final class Unsubscribed implements Subscription {
+    static final class Unsubscribed implements Subscription {
         @Override
         public void unsubscribe() {
         }