diff --git a/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRules.java b/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRules.java
index 5ab7f9de537..e7bea741423 100644
--- a/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRules.java
+++ b/error-prone-contrib/src/main/java/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRules.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
 import com.google.errorprone.refaster.Refaster;
 import com.google.errorprone.refaster.annotation.AfterTemplate;
+import com.google.errorprone.refaster.annotation.AlsoNegation;
 import com.google.errorprone.refaster.annotation.BeforeTemplate;
 import com.google.errorprone.refaster.annotation.Matches;
 import com.google.errorprone.refaster.annotation.MayOptionallyUse;
@@ -256,7 +257,7 @@ Optional<S> after(Stream<T> stream, Function<? super T, S> function) {
   // XXX: This rule assumes that any matched `Collector` does not perform any filtering.
   // (Perhaps we could add a `@Matches` guard that validates that the collector expression does not
   // contain a `Collectors#filtering` call. That'd still not be 100% accurate, though.)
-  static final class StreamIsEmpty<T, K, V, C extends Collection<K>, M extends Map<K, V>> {
+  static final class StreamFindAnyIsEmpty<T, K, V, C extends Collection<K>, M extends Map<K, V>> {
     @BeforeTemplate
     boolean before(Stream<T> stream, Collector<? super T, ?, ? extends C> collector) {
       return Refaster.anyOf(
@@ -274,20 +275,20 @@ boolean before2(Stream<T> stream, Collector<? super T, ?, ? extends M> collector
     }
 
     @AfterTemplate
+    @AlsoNegation
     boolean after(Stream<T> stream) {
       return stream.findAny().isEmpty();
     }
   }
 
-  /** In order to test whether a stream has any element, simply try to find one. */
-  static final class StreamIsNotEmpty<T> {
+  /**
+   * Prefer {@link Stream#findAny()} over {@link Stream#findFirst()} if one only cares whether the
+   * stream is nonempty.
+   */
+  static final class StreamFindAnyIsPresent<T> {
     @BeforeTemplate
     boolean before(Stream<T> stream) {
-      return Refaster.anyOf(
-          stream.count() != 0,
-          stream.count() > 0,
-          stream.count() >= 1,
-          stream.findFirst().isPresent());
+      return stream.findFirst().isPresent();
     }
 
     @AfterTemplate
diff --git a/error-prone-contrib/src/test/resources/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRulesTestInput.java b/error-prone-contrib/src/test/resources/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRulesTestInput.java
index 01cd245601d..5126726c3bf 100644
--- a/error-prone-contrib/src/test/resources/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRulesTestInput.java
+++ b/error-prone-contrib/src/test/resources/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRulesTestInput.java
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ ImmutableSet<Optional<Integer>> testStreamMapFirst() {
         Stream.of("bar").map(String::length).findFirst());
   }
 
-  ImmutableSet<Boolean> testStreamIsEmpty() {
+  ImmutableSet<Boolean> testStreamFindAnyIsEmpty() {
     return ImmutableSet.of(
         Stream.of(1).count() == 0,
         Stream.of(2).count() <= 0,
@@ -131,15 +131,14 @@ ImmutableSet<Boolean> testStreamIsEmpty() {
         Stream.of(7).collect(collectingAndThen(toImmutableList(), ImmutableList::isEmpty)),
         Stream.of(8).collect(collectingAndThen(toImmutableMap(k -> k, v -> v), Map::isEmpty)),
         Stream.of(9)
-            .collect(collectingAndThen(toImmutableMap(k -> k, v -> v), ImmutableMap::isEmpty)));
+            .collect(collectingAndThen(toImmutableMap(k -> k, v -> v), ImmutableMap::isEmpty)),
+        Stream.of(10).count() != 0,
+        Stream.of(11).count() > 0,
+        Stream.of(12).count() >= 1);
   }
 
-  ImmutableSet<Boolean> testStreamIsNotEmpty() {
-    return ImmutableSet.of(
-        Stream.of(1).count() != 0,
-        Stream.of(2).count() > 0,
-        Stream.of(3).count() >= 1,
-        Stream.of(4).findFirst().isPresent());
+  boolean testStreamFindAnyIsPresent() {
+    return Stream.of(1).findFirst().isPresent();
   }
 
   ImmutableSet<Optional<String>> testStreamMin() {
diff --git a/error-prone-contrib/src/test/resources/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRulesTestOutput.java b/error-prone-contrib/src/test/resources/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRulesTestOutput.java
index 0d865cba59b..a11b7ca644c 100644
--- a/error-prone-contrib/src/test/resources/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRulesTestOutput.java
+++ b/error-prone-contrib/src/test/resources/tech/picnic/errorprone/refasterrules/StreamRulesTestOutput.java
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ ImmutableSet<Optional<Integer>> testStreamMapFirst() {
         Stream.of("bar").findFirst().map(String::length));
   }
 
-  ImmutableSet<Boolean> testStreamIsEmpty() {
+  ImmutableSet<Boolean> testStreamFindAnyIsEmpty() {
     return ImmutableSet.of(
         Stream.of(1).findAny().isEmpty(),
         Stream.of(2).findAny().isEmpty(),
@@ -131,15 +131,14 @@ ImmutableSet<Boolean> testStreamIsEmpty() {
         Stream.of(6).findAny().isEmpty(),
         Stream.of(7).findAny().isEmpty(),
         Stream.of(8).findAny().isEmpty(),
-        Stream.of(9).findAny().isEmpty());
+        Stream.of(9).findAny().isEmpty(),
+        !Stream.of(10).findAny().isEmpty(),
+        !Stream.of(11).findAny().isEmpty(),
+        !Stream.of(12).findAny().isEmpty());
   }
 
-  ImmutableSet<Boolean> testStreamIsNotEmpty() {
-    return ImmutableSet.of(
-        Stream.of(1).findAny().isPresent(),
-        Stream.of(2).findAny().isPresent(),
-        Stream.of(3).findAny().isPresent(),
-        Stream.of(4).findAny().isPresent());
+  boolean testStreamFindAnyIsPresent() {
+    return Stream.of(1).findAny().isPresent();
   }
 
   ImmutableSet<Optional<String>> testStreamMin() {