diff --git a/cli/Valet/Brew.php b/cli/Valet/Brew.php
index 121a13935..33d597bc8 100644
--- a/cli/Valet/Brew.php
+++ b/cli/Valet/Brew.php
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ function ($version) use ($resolvedPhpVersion) {
      *
      * @param  string|null  $phpVersion  For example, "php@8.1"
      */
-    public function getPhpExecutablePath(string $phpVersion = null): string
+    public function getPhpExecutablePath(?string $phpVersion = null): string
     {
         if (! $phpVersion) {
             return BREW_PREFIX.'/bin/php';
diff --git a/cli/Valet/CommandLine.php b/cli/Valet/CommandLine.php
index 186d093bf..3d1841834 100644
--- a/cli/Valet/CommandLine.php
+++ b/cli/Valet/CommandLine.php
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public function passthru(string $command): void
     /**
      * Run the given command as the non-root user.
      */
-    public function run(string $command, callable $onError = null): string
+    public function run(string $command, ?callable $onError = null): string
     {
         return $this->runCommand($command, $onError);
     }
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public function run(string $command, callable $onError = null): string
     /**
      * Run the given command.
      */
-    public function runAsUser(string $command, callable $onError = null): string
+    public function runAsUser(string $command, ?callable $onError = null): string
     {
         return $this->runCommand('sudo -u "'.user().'" '.$command, $onError);
     }
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public function runAsUser(string $command, callable $onError = null): string
     /**
      * Run the given command.
      */
-    public function runCommand(string $command, callable $onError = null): string
+    public function runCommand(string $command, ?callable $onError = null): string
     {
         $onError = $onError ?: function () {
         };
diff --git a/cli/Valet/Expose.php b/cli/Valet/Expose.php
index 7f9651c48..abb1428c0 100644
--- a/cli/Valet/Expose.php
+++ b/cli/Valet/Expose.php
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ public function __construct(public Composer $composer, public CommandLine $cli)
     {
     }
 
-    public function currentTunnelUrl(string $domain = null): ?string
+    public function currentTunnelUrl(?string $domain = null): ?string
     {
         $endpoint = 'http://127.0.0.1:4040/api/tunnels';
 
diff --git a/cli/Valet/Filesystem.php b/cli/Valet/Filesystem.php
index eaeb1232c..3b16d7f94 100644
--- a/cli/Valet/Filesystem.php
+++ b/cli/Valet/Filesystem.php
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ public function isDir(string $path): bool
     /**
      * Create a directory.
      */
-    public function mkdir(string $path, string $owner = null, int $mode = 0755): void
+    public function mkdir(string $path, ?string $owner = null, int $mode = 0755): void
     {
         mkdir($path, $mode, true);
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public function mkdir(string $path, string $owner = null, int $mode = 0755): voi
     /**
      * Ensure that the given directory exists.
      */
-    public function ensureDirExists(string $path, string $owner = null, int $mode = 0755): void
+    public function ensureDirExists(string $path, ?string $owner = null, int $mode = 0755): void
     {
         if (! $this->isDir($path)) {
             $this->mkdir($path, $owner, $mode);
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public function mkdirAsUser(string $path, int $mode = 0755): void
     /**
      * Touch the given path.
      */
-    public function touch(string $path, string $owner = null): string
+    public function touch(string $path, ?string $owner = null): string
     {
         touch($path);
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public function get(string $path): string
     /**
      * Write to the given file.
      */
-    public function put(string $path, string $contents, string $owner = null): void
+    public function put(string $path, string $contents, ?string $owner = null): void
     {
         file_put_contents($path, $contents);
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public function putAsUser(string $path, ?string $contents): void
     /**
      * Append the contents to the given file.
      */
-    public function append(string $path, string $contents, string $owner = null): void
+    public function append(string $path, string $contents, ?string $owner = null): void
     {
         file_put_contents($path, $contents, FILE_APPEND);
 
diff --git a/cli/Valet/Ngrok.php b/cli/Valet/Ngrok.php
index 222806677..c7c0d11d4 100644
--- a/cli/Valet/Ngrok.php
+++ b/cli/Valet/Ngrok.php
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ public function __construct(public CommandLine $cli, public Brew $brew)
     /**
      * Get the current tunnel URL from the Ngrok API.
      */
-    public function currentTunnelUrl(string $domain = null): string
+    public function currentTunnelUrl(?string $domain = null): string
     {
         // wait a second for ngrok to start before attempting to find available tunnels
         sleep(1);
diff --git a/cli/Valet/PhpFpm.php b/cli/Valet/PhpFpm.php
index 75c92d896..9c5e86c92 100644
--- a/cli/Valet/PhpFpm.php
+++ b/cli/Valet/PhpFpm.php
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public function createConfigurationFiles(string $phpVersion): void
     /**
      * Restart the PHP FPM process (if one specified) or processes (if none specified).
      */
-    public function restart(string $phpVersion = null): void
+    public function restart(?string $phpVersion = null): void
     {
         $this->brew->restartService($phpVersion ?: $this->utilizedPhpVersions());
     }
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ public function stop(): void
     /**
      * Get the path to the FPM configuration file for the current PHP version.
      */
-    public function fpmConfigPath(string $phpVersion = null): string
+    public function fpmConfigPath(?string $phpVersion = null): string
     {
         if (! $phpVersion) {
             $phpVersion = $this->brew->linkedPhp();
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ public function stopRunning(): void
     /**
      * Stop a given PHP version, if that specific version isn't being used globally or by any sites.
      */
-    public function stopIfUnused(string $phpVersion = null): void
+    public function stopIfUnused(?string $phpVersion = null): void
     {
         if (! $phpVersion) {
             return;
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ public function validateRequestedVersion(string $version): string
     /**
      * Get FPM sock file name for a given PHP version.
      */
-    public static function fpmSockName(string $phpVersion = null): string
+    public static function fpmSockName(?string $phpVersion = null): string
     {
         $versionInteger = preg_replace('~[^\d]~', '', $phpVersion);
 
diff --git a/cli/Valet/Site.php b/cli/Valet/Site.php
index 214e2e5e2..4a29cd503 100644
--- a/cli/Valet/Site.php
+++ b/cli/Valet/Site.php
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public function getSiteUrl(string $directory): string
     /**
      * Identify whether a site is for a proxy by reading the host name from its config file.
      */
-    public function getProxyHostForSite(string $site, string $configContents = null): ?string
+    public function getProxyHostForSite(string $site, ?string $configContents = null): ?string
     {
         $siteConf = $configContents ?: $this->getSiteConfigFileContents($site);
 
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ public function getProxyHostForSite(string $site, string $configContents = null)
     /**
      * Get the contents of the configuration for the given site.
      */
-    public function getSiteConfigFileContents(string $site, string $suffix = null): ?string
+    public function getSiteConfigFileContents(string $site, ?string $suffix = null): ?string
     {
         $config = $this->config->read();
         $suffix = $suffix ?: '.'.$config['tld'];
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ public function getSiteConfigFileContents(string $site, string $suffix = null):
     /**
      * Get all certificates from config folder.
      */
-    public function getCertificates(string $path = null): Collection
+    public function getCertificates(?string $path = null): Collection
     {
         $path = $path ?: $this->certificatesPath();
 
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ public function getSites(string $path, Collection $certs): Collection
     /**
      * Unlink the given symbolic link.
      */
-    public function unlink(string $name = null): string
+    public function unlink(?string $name = null): string
     {
         $name = $this->getSiteLinkName($name);
 
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ public function isSecured(string $site): bool
      *
      * @see https://github.com/cabforum/servercert/blob/main/docs/BR.md
      */
-    public function secure(string $url, string $siteConf = null, int $certificateExpireInDays = 396, int $caExpireInYears = 20): void
+    public function secure(string $url, ?string $siteConf = null, int $certificateExpireInDays = 396, int $caExpireInYears = 20): void
     {
         // Extract in order to later preserve custom PHP version config when securing
         $phpVersion = $this->customPhpVersion($url);
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ public function buildCertificateConf(string $path, string $url): void
     /**
      * Build the TLS secured Nginx server for the given URL.
      */
-    public function buildSecureNginxServer(string $url, string $siteConf = null): string
+    public function buildSecureNginxServer(string $url, ?string $siteConf = null): string
     {
         if ($siteConf === null) {
             $siteConf = $this->replaceOldLoopbackWithNew(
@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@ public function plistPath(): string
     /**
      * Get the path to Nginx site configuration files.
      */
-    public function nginxPath(string $additionalPath = null): string
+    public function nginxPath(?string $additionalPath = null): string
     {
         return $this->valetHomePath().'/Nginx'.($additionalPath ? '/'.$additionalPath : '');
     }
@@ -960,7 +960,7 @@ public function nginxPath(string $additionalPath = null): string
     /**
      * Get the path to the linked Valet sites.
      */
-    public function sitesPath(string $link = null): string
+    public function sitesPath(?string $link = null): string
     {
         return $this->valetHomePath().'/Sites'.($link ? '/'.$link : '');
     }
@@ -968,7 +968,7 @@ public function sitesPath(string $link = null): string
     /**
      * Get the path to the Valet CA certificates.
      */
-    public function caPath(string $caFile = null): string
+    public function caPath(?string $caFile = null): string
     {
         return $this->valetHomePath().'/CA'.($caFile ? '/'.$caFile : '');
     }
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ public function caPath(string $caFile = null): string
     /**
      * Get the path to the Valet TLS certificates.
      */
-    public function certificatesPath(string $url = null, string $extension = null): string
+    public function certificatesPath(?string $url = null, ?string $extension = null): string
     {
         $url = $url ? '/'.$url : '';
         $extension = $extension ? '.'.$extension : '';
@@ -1060,7 +1060,7 @@ public function replaceSockFile(string $siteConf, string $phpVersion): string
     /**
      * Get configuration items defined in .valetrc for a site.
      */
-    public function valetRc(string $siteName, string $cwd = null): array
+    public function valetRc(string $siteName, ?string $cwd = null): array
     {
         if ($cwd) {
             $path = $cwd.'/.valetrc';
@@ -1086,7 +1086,7 @@ public function valetRc(string $siteName, string $cwd = null): array
     /**
      * Get PHP version from .valetrc or .valetphprc for a site.
      */
-    public function phpRcVersion(string $siteName, string $cwd = null): ?string
+    public function phpRcVersion(string $siteName, ?string $cwd = null): ?string
     {
         if ($cwd) {
             $oldPath = $cwd.'/.valetphprc';
diff --git a/cli/includes/helpers.php b/cli/includes/helpers.php
index 475594f05..f9d0ce89e 100644
--- a/cli/includes/helpers.php
+++ b/cli/includes/helpers.php
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 /**
  * Set or get a global console writer.
  */
-function writer(OutputInterface $writer = null): OutputInterface|\NullWriter|null
+function writer(?OutputInterface $writer = null): OutputInterface|\NullWriter|null
 {
     $container = Container::getInstance();
 
diff --git a/find-usable-php.php b/find-usable-php.php
index 9ff3869d9..7af434ae9 100644
--- a/find-usable-php.php
+++ b/find-usable-php.php
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
  * @param  string|null  $phpFormulaName  For example, "php@8.1"
  * @return string
  */
-function getPhpExecutablePath(string $phpFormulaName = null)
+function getPhpExecutablePath(?string $phpFormulaName = null)
 {
     $brewPrefix = exec('printf $(brew --prefix)');
 
diff --git a/tests/PhpFpmTest.php b/tests/PhpFpmTest.php
index 9d4e50335..232b45c77 100644
--- a/tests/PhpFpmTest.php
+++ b/tests/PhpFpmTest.php
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ public function test_isolate_will_throw_if_site_is_not_parked_or_linked()
 
 class StubForUpdatingFpmConfigFiles extends PhpFpm
 {
-    public function fpmConfigPath(string $phpVersion = null): string
+    public function fpmConfigPath(?string $phpVersion = null): string
     {
         return __DIR__.'/output/fpm.conf';
     }
diff --git a/tests/SiteTest.php b/tests/SiteTest.php
index d941b258c..d6201678a 100644
--- a/tests/SiteTest.php
+++ b/tests/SiteTest.php
@@ -1161,7 +1161,7 @@ public function test_it_can_read_php_rc_version()
 
 class CommandLineFake extends CommandLine
 {
-    public function runCommand(string $command, callable $onError = null): string
+    public function runCommand(string $command, ?callable $onError = null): string
     {
         // noop
         //
@@ -1284,7 +1284,7 @@ public function assertCertificateExistsWithCounterValue($urlWithTld, $counter)
 
 class StubForRemovingLinks extends Site
 {
-    public function sitesPath(string $additionalPath = null): string
+    public function sitesPath(?string $additionalPath = null): string
     {
         return __DIR__.'/output'.($additionalPath ? '/'.$additionalPath : '');
     }