diff --git a/doc/src/manual/embedding.md b/doc/src/manual/embedding.md
index 9df9a6c198003..f578e10764101 100644
--- a/doc/src/manual/embedding.md
+++ b/doc/src/manual/embedding.md
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ per pointer using
 ```c
 jl_module_t *mod = jl_main_module;
 jl_sym_t *var = jl_symbol("var");
-jl_binding_t *bp = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var);
+jl_binding_t *bp = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var, 1);
 jl_checked_assignment(bp, mod, var, val);
 ```
 
diff --git a/src/builtins.c b/src/builtins.c
index f285a2e5c0386..b3a372cf74acd 100644
--- a/src/builtins.c
+++ b/src/builtins.c
@@ -1355,7 +1355,7 @@ JL_CALLABLE(jl_f_setglobal)
         jl_atomic_error("setglobal!: module binding cannot be written non-atomically");
     else if (order >= jl_memory_order_seq_cst)
         jl_fence();
-    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var);
+    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var, 0);
     jl_checked_assignment(b, mod, var, args[2]); // release store
     if (order >= jl_memory_order_seq_cst)
         jl_fence();
@@ -1393,7 +1393,7 @@ JL_CALLABLE(jl_f_set_binding_type)
     JL_TYPECHK(set_binding_type!, symbol, (jl_value_t*)s);
     jl_value_t *ty = nargs == 2 ? (jl_value_t*)jl_any_type : args[2];
     JL_TYPECHK(set_binding_type!, type, ty);
-    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(m, s);
+    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(m, s, 0);
     jl_value_t *old_ty = NULL;
     if (jl_atomic_cmpswap_relaxed(&b->ty, &old_ty, ty)) {
         jl_gc_wb(b, ty);
@@ -1420,7 +1420,7 @@ JL_CALLABLE(jl_f_swapglobal)
     if (order == jl_memory_order_notatomic)
         jl_atomic_error("swapglobal!: module binding cannot be written non-atomically");
     // is seq_cst already, no fence needed
-    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var);
+    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var, 0);
     return jl_checked_swap(b, mod, var, args[2]);
 }
 
@@ -1438,7 +1438,7 @@ JL_CALLABLE(jl_f_modifyglobal)
     JL_TYPECHK(modifyglobal!, symbol, (jl_value_t*)var);
     if (order == jl_memory_order_notatomic)
         jl_atomic_error("modifyglobal!: module binding cannot be written non-atomically");
-    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var);
+    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var, 0);
     // is seq_cst already, no fence needed
     return jl_checked_modify(b, mod, var, args[2], args[3]);
 }
@@ -1467,7 +1467,7 @@ JL_CALLABLE(jl_f_replaceglobal)
         jl_atomic_error("replaceglobal!: module binding cannot be written non-atomically");
     if (failure_order == jl_memory_order_notatomic)
         jl_atomic_error("replaceglobal!: module binding cannot be accessed non-atomically");
-    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var);
+    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var, 0);
     // is seq_cst already, no fence needed
     return jl_checked_replace(b, mod, var, args[2], args[3]);
 }
@@ -1496,7 +1496,7 @@ JL_CALLABLE(jl_f_setglobalonce)
         jl_atomic_error("setglobalonce!: module binding cannot be written non-atomically");
     if (failure_order == jl_memory_order_notatomic)
         jl_atomic_error("setglobalonce!: module binding cannot be accessed non-atomically");
-    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var);
+    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(mod, var, 0);
     // is seq_cst already, no fence needed
     jl_value_t *old = jl_checked_assignonce(b, mod, var, args[2]);
     return old == NULL ? jl_true : jl_false;
diff --git a/src/codegen.cpp b/src/codegen.cpp
index dc9bccb7b4fa0..6ebe386a4b179 100644
--- a/src/codegen.cpp
+++ b/src/codegen.cpp
@@ -946,7 +946,7 @@ static const auto jlgetbindingwrorerror_func = new JuliaFunction<>{
     [](LLVMContext &C) {
         auto T_pjlvalue = JuliaType::get_pjlvalue_ty(C);
         return FunctionType::get(T_pjlvalue,
-                {T_pjlvalue, T_pjlvalue}, false);
+                {T_pjlvalue, T_pjlvalue, getInt32Ty(C)}, false);
     },
     nullptr,
 };
@@ -2099,7 +2099,7 @@ static Type *julia_type_to_llvm(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_value_t *jt, bool *isboxed
 static jl_returninfo_t get_specsig_function(jl_codectx_t &ctx, Module *M, Value *fval, StringRef name, jl_value_t *sig, jl_value_t *jlrettype, bool is_opaque_closure, bool gcstack_arg, BitVector *used_arguments=nullptr, size_t *args_begin=nullptr);
 static jl_cgval_t emit_expr(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_value_t *expr, ssize_t ssaval = -1);
 static Value *global_binding_pointer(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t *s,
-                                     jl_binding_t **pbnd, bool assign);
+                                     jl_binding_t **pbnd, bool assign, bool alloc);
 static jl_cgval_t emit_checked_var(jl_codectx_t &ctx, Value *bp, jl_sym_t *name, jl_value_t *scope, bool isvol, MDNode *tbaa);
 static jl_cgval_t emit_sparam(jl_codectx_t &ctx, size_t i);
 static Value *emit_condition(jl_codectx_t &ctx, const jl_cgval_t &condV, const Twine &msg);
@@ -3189,7 +3189,7 @@ static jl_value_t *jl_ensure_rooted(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_value_t *val)
 static jl_cgval_t emit_globalref(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_module_t *mod, jl_sym_t *name, AtomicOrdering order)
 {
     jl_binding_t *bnd = NULL;
-    Value *bp = global_binding_pointer(ctx, mod, name, &bnd, false);
+    Value *bp = global_binding_pointer(ctx, mod, name, &bnd, false, false);
     if (bp == NULL)
         return jl_cgval_t();
     bp = julia_binding_pvalue(ctx, bp);
@@ -3208,10 +3208,10 @@ static jl_cgval_t emit_globalref(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_module_t *mod, jl_sym_t *
 static jl_cgval_t emit_globalop(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_module_t *mod, jl_sym_t *sym, jl_cgval_t rval, const jl_cgval_t &cmp,
                                 AtomicOrdering Order, AtomicOrdering FailOrder,
                                 bool issetglobal, bool isreplaceglobal, bool isswapglobal, bool ismodifyglobal, bool issetglobalonce,
-                                const jl_cgval_t *modifyop)
+                                const jl_cgval_t *modifyop, bool alloc)
 {
     jl_binding_t *bnd = NULL;
-    Value *bp = global_binding_pointer(ctx, mod, sym, &bnd, true);
+    Value *bp = global_binding_pointer(ctx, mod, sym, &bnd, true, alloc);
     if (bp == NULL)
         return jl_cgval_t();
     if (bnd && !bnd->constp) {
@@ -3760,7 +3760,8 @@ static bool emit_f_opglobal(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_cgval_t *ret, jl_value_t *f,
                                  isswapglobal,
                                  ismodifyglobal,
                                  issetglobalonce,
-                                 modifyop);
+                                 modifyop,
+                                 false);
             return true;
         }
     }
@@ -5448,7 +5449,7 @@ static void emit_hasnofield_error_ifnot(jl_codectx_t &ctx, Value *ok, jl_sym_t *
 // if the reference currently bound or assign == true,
 //   pbnd will also be assigned with the binding address
 static Value *global_binding_pointer(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t *s,
-                                     jl_binding_t **pbnd, bool assign)
+                                     jl_binding_t **pbnd, bool assign, bool alloc)
 {
     jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_module_binding(m, s, 1);
     if (assign) {
@@ -5478,9 +5479,17 @@ static Value *global_binding_pointer(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t
         ctx.builder.CreateCondBr(iscached, have_val, not_found);
         not_found->insertInto(ctx.f);
         ctx.builder.SetInsertPoint(not_found);
-        Value *bval = ctx.builder.CreateCall(prepare_call(assign ? jlgetbindingwrorerror_func : jlgetbindingorerror_func),
-                { literal_pointer_val(ctx, (jl_value_t*)m),
-                  literal_pointer_val(ctx, (jl_value_t*)s) });
+        Value *bval = nullptr;
+        if (assign) {
+            bval = ctx.builder.CreateCall(prepare_call(jlgetbindingwrorerror_func),
+                    { literal_pointer_val(ctx, (jl_value_t*)m),
+                    literal_pointer_val(ctx, (jl_value_t*)s),
+                    ConstantInt::get(getInt32Ty(ctx.builder.getContext()), alloc)});
+        } else {
+            bval = ctx.builder.CreateCall(prepare_call(jlgetbindingorerror_func),
+                    { literal_pointer_val(ctx, (jl_value_t*)m),
+                    literal_pointer_val(ctx, (jl_value_t*)s)});
+        }
         setName(ctx.emission_context, bval, jl_symbol_name(m->name) + StringRef(".") + jl_symbol_name(s) + ".found");
         ctx.builder.CreateAlignedStore(bval, bindinggv, Align(sizeof(void*)))->setOrdering(AtomicOrdering::Release);
         ctx.builder.CreateBr(have_val);
@@ -5992,17 +6001,20 @@ static void emit_assignment(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_value_t *l, jl_value_t *r, ssi
 
     jl_module_t *mod;
     jl_sym_t *sym;
+    bool toplevel = jl_is_module(ctx.linfo->def.value);
+    bool alloc = toplevel;
     if (jl_is_symbol(l)) {
         mod = ctx.module;
         sym = (jl_sym_t*)l;
     }
     else {
         assert(jl_is_globalref(l));
+        alloc &= jl_globalref_mod(l) == ctx.module;
         mod = jl_globalref_mod(l);
         sym = jl_globalref_name(l);
     }
     emit_globalop(ctx, mod, sym, rval_info, jl_cgval_t(), AtomicOrdering::Release, AtomicOrdering::NotAtomic,
-                  true, false, false, false, false, nullptr);
+                  true, false, false, false, false, nullptr, alloc);
     // Global variable. Does not need debug info because the debugger knows about
     // its memory location.
 }
@@ -6456,7 +6468,7 @@ static jl_cgval_t emit_expr(jl_codectx_t &ctx, jl_value_t *expr, ssize_t ssaidx_
         }
         if (jl_is_symbol(sym)) {
             jl_binding_t *bnd = NULL;
-            Value *bp = global_binding_pointer(ctx, mod, sym, &bnd, true);
+            Value *bp = global_binding_pointer(ctx, mod, sym, &bnd, true, true);
             if (bp)
                 ctx.builder.CreateCall(prepare_call(jldeclareconst_func),
                         { bp, literal_pointer_val(ctx, (jl_value_t*)mod), literal_pointer_val(ctx, (jl_value_t*)sym) });
diff --git a/src/interpreter.c b/src/interpreter.c
index d5d440ae289c8..c383b7f4bbf65 100644
--- a/src/interpreter.c
+++ b/src/interpreter.c
@@ -569,9 +569,13 @@ static jl_value_t *eval_body(jl_array_t *stmts, interpreter_state *s, size_t ip,
                 else {
                     jl_module_t *modu;
                     jl_sym_t *sym;
+                    // Plain assignment is allowed to create bindings at
+                    // toplevel and only for the current module
+                    int alloc = toplevel;
                     if (jl_is_globalref(lhs)) {
                         modu = jl_globalref_mod(lhs);
                         sym = jl_globalref_name(lhs);
+                        alloc &= modu == s->module;
                     }
                     else {
                         assert(jl_is_symbol(lhs));
@@ -579,7 +583,7 @@ static jl_value_t *eval_body(jl_array_t *stmts, interpreter_state *s, size_t ip,
                         sym = (jl_sym_t*)lhs;
                     }
                     JL_GC_PUSH1(&rhs);
-                    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(modu, sym);
+                    jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(modu, sym, alloc);
                     jl_checked_assignment(b, modu, sym, rhs);
                     JL_GC_POP();
                 }
diff --git a/src/julia-syntax.scm b/src/julia-syntax.scm
index 899476afc093a..fbabad81ee55d 100644
--- a/src/julia-syntax.scm
+++ b/src/julia-syntax.scm
@@ -4233,6 +4233,7 @@ f(x) = yt(x)
                            (put! globals ref #t)
                            `(block
                              (toplevel-only set_binding_type! ,(cadr e))
+                             (global ,ref)
                              (call (core set_binding_type!) ,(cadr ref) (inert ,(caddr ref)) ,(caddr e))))
                          `(call (core typeassert) ,@(cdr e))))
                    fname lam namemap defined toplevel interp opaq globals locals))))
diff --git a/src/julia.h b/src/julia.h
index 0d46f15776610..9c9538ade704e 100644
--- a/src/julia.h
+++ b/src/julia.h
@@ -1946,7 +1946,7 @@ JL_DLLEXPORT jl_binding_t *jl_get_binding_or_error(jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t *var
 JL_DLLEXPORT jl_value_t *jl_module_globalref(jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t *var);
 JL_DLLEXPORT jl_value_t *jl_get_binding_type(jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t *var);
 // get binding for assignment
-JL_DLLEXPORT jl_binding_t *jl_get_binding_wr(jl_module_t *m JL_PROPAGATES_ROOT, jl_sym_t *var);
+JL_DLLEXPORT jl_binding_t *jl_get_binding_wr(jl_module_t *m JL_PROPAGATES_ROOT, jl_sym_t *var, int alloc);
 JL_DLLEXPORT jl_binding_t *jl_get_binding_for_method_def(jl_module_t *m JL_PROPAGATES_ROOT, jl_sym_t *var);
 JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_boundp(jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t *var);
 JL_DLLEXPORT int jl_defines_or_exports_p(jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t *var);
diff --git a/src/module.c b/src/module.c
index 1be2d5c8673d9..2d78e3a505d16 100644
--- a/src/module.c
+++ b/src/module.c
@@ -219,13 +219,16 @@ static void check_safe_newbinding(jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t *var)
 static jl_module_t *jl_binding_dbgmodule(jl_binding_t *b, jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t *var) JL_GLOBALLY_ROOTED;
 
 // get binding for assignment
-JL_DLLEXPORT jl_binding_t *jl_get_binding_wr(jl_module_t *m JL_PROPAGATES_ROOT, jl_sym_t *var)
+JL_DLLEXPORT jl_binding_t *jl_get_binding_wr(jl_module_t *m JL_PROPAGATES_ROOT, jl_sym_t *var, int alloc)
 {
     jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_module_binding(m, var, 1);
     jl_binding_t *b2 = jl_atomic_load_relaxed(&b->owner);
     if (b2 != b) {
-        if (b2 == NULL)
+        if (b2 == NULL) {
             check_safe_newbinding(m, var);
+            if (!alloc)
+                jl_errorf("Global %s.%s does not exist and cannot be assigned. Declare it using `global` before attempting assignment.", jl_symbol_name(m->name), jl_symbol_name(var));
+        }
         if (b2 != NULL || (!jl_atomic_cmpswap(&b->owner, &b2, b) && b2 != b)) {
             jl_module_t *from = jl_binding_dbgmodule(b, m, var);
             if (from == m)
@@ -791,7 +794,7 @@ JL_DLLEXPORT jl_value_t *jl_get_global(jl_module_t *m, jl_sym_t *var)
 
 JL_DLLEXPORT void jl_set_global(jl_module_t *m JL_ROOTING_ARGUMENT, jl_sym_t *var, jl_value_t *val JL_ROOTED_ARGUMENT)
 {
-    jl_binding_t *bp = jl_get_binding_wr(m, var);
+    jl_binding_t *bp = jl_get_binding_wr(m, var, 0);
     jl_checked_assignment(bp, m, var, val);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/toplevel.c b/src/toplevel.c
index 1899c9e18db30..c2fa9b72a9709 100644
--- a/src/toplevel.c
+++ b/src/toplevel.c
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ static jl_value_t *jl_eval_module_expr(jl_module_t *parent_module, jl_expr_t *ex
         }
     }
     else {
-        jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(parent_module, name);
+        jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(parent_module, name, 1);
         jl_declare_constant(b, parent_module, name);
         jl_value_t *old = NULL;
         if (!jl_atomic_cmpswap(&b->value, &old, (jl_value_t*)newm)) {
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ void jl_eval_global_expr(jl_module_t *m, jl_expr_t *ex, int set_type) {
             gs = (jl_sym_t*)arg;
         }
         if (!jl_binding_resolved_p(gm, gs)) {
-            jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(gm, gs);
+            jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(gm, gs, 1);
             if (set_type) {
                 jl_value_t *old_ty = NULL;
                 // maybe set the type too, perhaps
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ static void import_module(jl_module_t *JL_NONNULL m, jl_module_t *import, jl_sym
                       jl_symbol_name(name), jl_symbol_name(m->name));
     }
     else {
-        b = jl_get_binding_wr(m, name);
+        b = jl_get_binding_wr(m, name, 1);
     }
     jl_declare_constant(b, m, name);
     jl_checked_assignment(b, m, name, (jl_value_t*)import);
@@ -897,7 +897,7 @@ JL_DLLEXPORT jl_value_t *jl_toplevel_eval_flex(jl_module_t *JL_NONNULL m, jl_val
             gm = m;
             gs = (jl_sym_t*)arg;
         }
-        jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(gm, gs);
+        jl_binding_t *b = jl_get_binding_wr(gm, gs, 1);
         jl_declare_constant(b, gm, gs);
         JL_GC_POP();
         return jl_nothing;
diff --git a/test/core.jl b/test/core.jl
index 9db32e50c6947..0d12bb36c3575 100644
--- a/test/core.jl
+++ b/test/core.jl
@@ -8145,6 +8145,7 @@ end
 @test_broken Int isa Union{Union, Type{Union{Int,T1}} where {T1}}
 
 let M = @__MODULE__
+    Core.eval(M, :(global a_typed_global))
     @test Core.set_binding_type!(M, :a_typed_global, Tuple{Union{Integer,Nothing}}) === nothing
     @test Core.get_binding_type(M, :a_typed_global) === Tuple{Union{Integer,Nothing}}
     @test Core.set_binding_type!(M, :a_typed_global, Tuple{Union{Integer,Nothing}}) === nothing
diff --git a/test/precompile.jl b/test/precompile.jl
index e164c2917d06f..e8047858f195a 100644
--- a/test/precompile.jl
+++ b/test/precompile.jl
@@ -1023,7 +1023,6 @@ precompile_test_harness("code caching") do dir
         @test mi.specTypes.parameters[end] === Integer ? !hv : hv
     end
 
-    setglobal!(Main, :inval, invalidations)
     idxs = findall(==("verify_methods"), invalidations)
     idxsbits = filter(idxs) do i
         mi = invalidations[i-1]
diff --git a/test/syntax.jl b/test/syntax.jl
index bfe47abffe6ff..2cf346466f44f 100644
--- a/test/syntax.jl
+++ b/test/syntax.jl
@@ -3683,3 +3683,40 @@ end
 # Issue #53729 - Lowering recursion into Expr(:toplevel)
 @test eval(Expr(:let, Expr(:block), Expr(:block, Expr(:toplevel, :(f53729(x) = x)), :(x=1)))) == 1
 @test f53729(2) == 2
+
+# Issue #54607 - binding creation in foreign modules should not be permitted
+module Foreign54607
+    # Syntactic, not dynamic
+    try_to_create_binding1() = (Foreign54607.foo = 2)
+    @eval try_to_create_binding2() = ($(GlobalRef(Foreign54607, :foo)) = 2)
+    function global_create_binding()
+        global bar
+        bar = 3
+    end
+    baz = 4
+    begin;
+        for i = 1:10; end
+        compiled_assign = 5
+    end
+    @eval $(GlobalRef(Foreign54607, :gr_assign)) = 6
+end
+@test_throws ErrorException (Foreign54607.foo = 1)
+@test_throws ErrorException Foreign54607.try_to_create_binding1()
+@test_throws ErrorException Foreign54607.try_to_create_binding2()
+@test_throws ErrorException begin
+    for i = 1:10; end
+    (Foreign54607.foo = 1)
+end
+@test_throws ErrorException @eval (GlobalRef(Foreign54607, :gr_assign2)) = 7
+Foreign54607.global_create_binding()
+@test isdefined(Foreign54607, :bar)
+@test isdefined(Foreign54607, :baz)
+@test isdefined(Foreign54607, :compiled_assign)
+@test isdefined(Foreign54607, :gr_assign)
+Foreign54607.bar = 8
+@test Foreign54607.bar == 8
+begin
+    for i = 1:10; end
+    Foreign54607.bar = 9
+end
+@test Foreign54607.bar == 9