diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index e4d92b3ca60..002096aa0ca 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ Note that this project **does not** adhere to [Semantic Versioning](http://semve
 
 ### Added
 
+- We enabled the user to customize the API Key for some fetchers. [#6877](https://github.com/JabRef/jabref/issues/6877)
 - We added an extra option when right-clicking an entry in the Entry List to copy either the DOI or the DOI url.
 - We added a fetcher for [Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB)](https://doabooks.org/) [8576](https://github.com/JabRef/jabref/issues/8576)
 - We added an extra option to ask the user whether they want to open to reveal the folder holding the saved file with the file selected. [#8195](https://github.com/JabRef/jabref/issues/8195)
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/cli/ArgumentProcessor.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/cli/ArgumentProcessor.java
index 7a7075539a3..f1aaa0653d7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/cli/ArgumentProcessor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/cli/ArgumentProcessor.java
@@ -157,7 +157,8 @@ private static Optional<ParserResult> importFile(Path file, String importFormat)
                 // * means "guess the format":
                 System.out.println(Localization.lang("Importing in unknown format") + ": " + file);
 
-                ImportFormatReader.UnknownFormatImport importResult = Globals.IMPORT_FORMAT_READER.importUnknownFormat(file, new DummyFileUpdateMonitor());
+                ImportFormatReader.UnknownFormatImport importResult =
+                        Globals.IMPORT_FORMAT_READER.importUnknownFormat(file, new DummyFileUpdateMonitor());
 
                 System.out.println(Localization.lang("Format used") + ": " + importResult.format);
                 return Optional.of(importResult.parserResult);
@@ -526,7 +527,11 @@ private void saveDatabase(BibDatabase newBase, String subName) {
             SavePreferences savePreferences = preferencesService.getSavePreferences();
             AtomicFileWriter fileWriter = new AtomicFileWriter(Path.of(subName), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
             BibWriter bibWriter = new BibWriter(fileWriter, OS.NEWLINE);
-            BibDatabaseWriter databaseWriter = new BibtexDatabaseWriter(bibWriter, generalPreferences, savePreferences, Globals.entryTypesManager);
+            BibDatabaseWriter databaseWriter = new BibtexDatabaseWriter(
+                    bibWriter,
+                    generalPreferences,
+                    savePreferences,
+                    Globals.entryTypesManager);
             databaseWriter.saveDatabase(new BibDatabaseContext(newBase));
 
             // Show just a warning message if encoding did not work for all characters:
@@ -586,13 +591,20 @@ private void importPreferences() {
             preferencesService.importPreferences(Path.of(cli.getPreferencesImport()));
             Globals.entryTypesManager.addCustomOrModifiedTypes(preferencesService.getBibEntryTypes(BibDatabaseMode.BIBTEX),
                     preferencesService.getBibEntryTypes(BibDatabaseMode.BIBLATEX));
-            List<TemplateExporter> customExporters = preferencesService.getCustomExportFormats(Globals.journalAbbreviationRepository);
+            List<TemplateExporter> customExporters =
+                    preferencesService.getCustomExportFormats(Globals.journalAbbreviationRepository);
             LayoutFormatterPreferences layoutPreferences =
                     preferencesService.getLayoutFormatterPreferences(Globals.journalAbbreviationRepository);
             SavePreferences savePreferences = preferencesService.getSavePreferencesForExport();
             XmpPreferences xmpPreferences = preferencesService.getXmpPreferences();
             BibDatabaseMode bibDatabaseMode = preferencesService.getGeneralPreferences().getDefaultBibDatabaseMode();
-            Globals.exportFactory = ExporterFactory.create(customExporters, layoutPreferences, savePreferences, xmpPreferences, bibDatabaseMode, Globals.entryTypesManager);
+            Globals.exportFactory = ExporterFactory.create(
+                    customExporters,
+                    layoutPreferences,
+                    savePreferences,
+                    xmpPreferences,
+                    bibDatabaseMode,
+                    Globals.entryTypesManager);
         } catch (JabRefException ex) {
             LOGGER.error("Cannot import preferences", ex);
         }
@@ -666,7 +678,9 @@ private Optional<ParserResult> fetch(String fetchCommand) {
         String engine = split[0];
         String query = split[1];
 
-        Set<SearchBasedFetcher> fetchers = WebFetchers.getSearchBasedFetchers(preferencesService.getImportFormatPreferences());
+        Set<SearchBasedFetcher> fetchers = WebFetchers.getSearchBasedFetchers(
+                preferencesService.getImportFormatPreferences(),
+                preferencesService.getImporterPreferences());
         Optional<SearchBasedFetcher> selectedFetcher = fetchers.stream()
                                                                .filter(fetcher -> fetcher.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(engine))
                                                                .findFirst();
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/EntryTypeViewModel.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/EntryTypeViewModel.java
index c48a061158f..16782b19c00 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/EntryTypeViewModel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/EntryTypeViewModel.java
@@ -59,9 +59,14 @@ public EntryTypeViewModel(PreferencesService preferences,
         this.preferencesService = preferences;
         this.dialogService = dialogService;
         this.stateManager = stateManager;
-        fetchers.addAll(WebFetchers.getIdBasedFetchers(preferences.getImportFormatPreferences()));
+        fetchers.addAll(WebFetchers.getIdBasedFetchers(
+                preferences.getImportFormatPreferences(),
+                preferences.getImporterPreferences()));
         selectedItemProperty.setValue(getLastSelectedFetcher());
-        idFieldValidator = new FunctionBasedValidator<>(idText, StringUtil::isNotBlank, ValidationMessage.error(Localization.lang("Required field \"%0\" is empty.", Localization.lang("ID"))));
+        idFieldValidator = new FunctionBasedValidator<>(
+                idText,
+                StringUtil::isNotBlank,
+                ValidationMessage.error(Localization.lang("Required field \"%0\" is empty.", Localization.lang("ID"))));
     }
 
     public BooleanProperty searchSuccesfulProperty() {
@@ -152,7 +157,14 @@ public void runFetcherWorker() {
             if (result.isPresent()) {
                 final BibEntry entry = result.get();
 
-                ImportHandler handler = new ImportHandler(libraryTab.getBibDatabaseContext(), ExternalFileTypes.getInstance(), preferencesService, Globals.getFileUpdateMonitor(), libraryTab.getUndoManager(), stateManager, dialogService);
+                ImportHandler handler = new ImportHandler(
+                        libraryTab.getBibDatabaseContext(),
+                        ExternalFileTypes.getInstance(),
+                        preferencesService,
+                        Globals.getFileUpdateMonitor(),
+                        libraryTab.getUndoManager(),
+                        stateManager,
+                        dialogService);
                 handler.importEntryWithDuplicateCheck(libraryTab.getBibDatabaseContext(), entry);
 
                 searchSuccesfulProperty.set(true);
@@ -170,7 +182,12 @@ public void runFetcherWorker() {
                         Localization.lang("Add entry manually"),
                         Localization.lang("Return to dialog"));
                 if (addEntryFlag) {
-                    new NewEntryAction(libraryTab.frame(), StandardEntryType.Article, dialogService, preferencesService, stateManager).execute();
+                    new NewEntryAction(
+                            libraryTab.frame(),
+                            StandardEntryType.Article,
+                            dialogService,
+                            preferencesService,
+                            stateManager).execute();
                     searchSuccesfulProperty.set(true);
                 }
             }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/externalfiles/DownloadFullTextAction.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/externalfiles/DownloadFullTextAction.java
index 56068fa847e..53be917cea1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/externalfiles/DownloadFullTextAction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/externalfiles/DownloadFullTextAction.java
@@ -85,7 +85,9 @@ protected Map<BibEntry, Optional<URL>> call() {
                 Map<BibEntry, Optional<URL>> downloads = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
                 int count = 0;
                 for (BibEntry entry : entries) {
-                    FulltextFetchers fetchers = new FulltextFetchers(preferences.getImportFormatPreferences());
+                    FulltextFetchers fetchers = new FulltextFetchers(
+                            preferences.getImportFormatPreferences(),
+                            preferences.getImporterPreferences());
                     downloads.put(entry, fetchers.findFullTextPDF(entry));
                     updateProgress(++count, entries.size());
                 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/fieldeditors/LinkedFilesEditorViewModel.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/fieldeditors/LinkedFilesEditorViewModel.java
index 1c9b452c551..4525c7f050c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/fieldeditors/LinkedFilesEditorViewModel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/fieldeditors/LinkedFilesEditorViewModel.java
@@ -202,7 +202,9 @@ private List<LinkedFileViewModel> findAssociatedNotLinkedFiles(BibEntry entry) {
     }
 
     public void fetchFulltext() {
-        FulltextFetchers fetcher = new FulltextFetchers(preferences.getImportFormatPreferences());
+        FulltextFetchers fetcher = new FulltextFetchers(
+                preferences.getImportFormatPreferences(),
+                preferences.getImporterPreferences());
         BackgroundTask
                 .wrap(() -> fetcher.findFullTextPDF(entry))
                 .onRunning(() -> fulltextLookupInProgress.setValue(true))
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java
index bb24c28f4bb..6aa6e7177d5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/importer/fetcher/WebSearchPaneViewModel.java
@@ -52,7 +52,9 @@ public WebSearchPaneViewModel(PreferencesService preferencesService, DialogServi
         this.dialogService = dialogService;
         this.stateManager = stateManager;
 
-        SortedSet<SearchBasedFetcher> allFetchers = WebFetchers.getSearchBasedFetchers(preferencesService.getImportFormatPreferences());
+        SortedSet<SearchBasedFetcher> allFetchers = WebFetchers.getSearchBasedFetchers(
+                preferencesService.getImportFormatPreferences(),
+                preferencesService.getImporterPreferences());
         fetchers.setAll(allFetchers);
 
         // Choose last-selected fetcher as default
@@ -128,7 +130,8 @@ public void search() {
         }
 
         SearchBasedFetcher activeFetcher = getSelectedFetcher();
-        Globals.getTelemetryClient().ifPresent(client -> client.trackEvent("search", Map.of("fetcher", activeFetcher.getName()), Map.of()));
+        Globals.getTelemetryClient().ifPresent(client ->
+                client.trackEvent("search", Map.of("fetcher", activeFetcher.getName()), Map.of()));
 
         BackgroundTask<ParserResult> task;
         task = BackgroundTask.wrap(() -> new ParserResult(activeFetcher.performSearch(query)))
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTab.fxml b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTab.fxml
index 10cc58d0d5c..7d3756d1bb0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTab.fxml
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTab.fxml
@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 
+<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
 <?import javafx.scene.control.CheckBox?>
+<?import javafx.scene.control.ComboBox?>
 <?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
 <?import javafx.scene.control.TextField?>
+<?import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane?>
 <?import javafx.scene.layout.HBox?>
 <?import javafx.scene.layout.VBox?>
 <?import org.jabref.gui.commonfxcontrols.SaveOrderConfigPanel?>
-
 <fx:root spacing="10.0" type="VBox"
          xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml"
          fx:controller="org.jabref.gui.preferences.importexport.ImportExportTab">
@@ -30,4 +32,16 @@
         <Label text="%Grobid URL" />
         <TextField fx:id="grobidURL" HBox.hgrow="ALWAYS"/>
     </HBox>
+
+    <Label styleClass="sectionHeader" text="%Custom API key"/>
+    <HBox alignment="CENTER_LEFT" spacing="10.0">
+        <ComboBox fx:id="apiKeySelector" prefWidth="200.0" GridPane.columnIndex="1"/>
+        <TextField fx:id="customApiKey" HBox.hgrow="ALWAYS"/>
+        <CheckBox fx:id="useCustomApiKey" text="%Custom">
+        </CheckBox>
+    </HBox>
+    <HBox alignment="CENTER_LEFT" >
+        <Button fx:id="testCustomApiKey" text="%Check connection" onAction="#checkCustomApiKey"
+                prefWidth="200.0" GridPane.columnIndex="1" GridPane.rowIndex="6"/>
+    </HBox>
 </fx:root>
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTab.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTab.java
index 42cffc479b7..24e03dc5578 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTab.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTab.java
@@ -1,13 +1,18 @@
 package org.jabref.gui.preferences.importexport;
 
+import javafx.beans.InvalidationListener;
 import javafx.fxml.FXML;
+import javafx.scene.control.Button;
 import javafx.scene.control.CheckBox;
+import javafx.scene.control.ComboBox;
 import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
 
 import org.jabref.gui.commonfxcontrols.SaveOrderConfigPanel;
 import org.jabref.gui.preferences.AbstractPreferenceTabView;
 import org.jabref.gui.preferences.PreferencesTab;
+import org.jabref.gui.util.ViewModelListCellFactory;
 import org.jabref.logic.l10n.Localization;
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.FetcherApiKey;
 
 import com.airhacks.afterburner.views.ViewLoader;
 
@@ -19,6 +24,11 @@ public class ImportExportTab extends AbstractPreferenceTabView<ImportExportTabVi
 
     @FXML private SaveOrderConfigPanel exportOrderPanel;
 
+    @FXML private ComboBox<FetcherApiKey> apiKeySelector;
+    @FXML private TextField customApiKey;
+    @FXML private CheckBox useCustomApiKey;
+    @FXML private Button testCustomApiKey;
+
     @FXML private CheckBox grobidEnabled;
     @FXML private TextField grobidURL;
 
@@ -34,7 +44,7 @@ public String getTabName() {
     }
 
     public void initialize() {
-        this.viewModel = new ImportExportTabViewModel(preferencesService, preferencesService.getDOIPreferences());
+        this.viewModel = new ImportExportTabViewModel(preferencesService, preferencesService.getDOIPreferences(), dialogService);
 
         useCustomDOI.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(viewModel.useCustomDOIProperty());
         useCustomDOIName.textProperty().bindBidirectional(viewModel.useCustomDOINameProperty());
@@ -52,5 +62,40 @@ public void initialize() {
         grobidEnabled.selectedProperty().bindBidirectional(viewModel.grobidEnabledProperty());
         grobidURL.textProperty().bindBidirectional(viewModel.grobidURLProperty());
         grobidURL.disableProperty().bind(grobidEnabled.selectedProperty().not());
+
+        new ViewModelListCellFactory<FetcherApiKey>()
+                .withText(FetcherApiKey::getName)
+                .install(apiKeySelector);
+        apiKeySelector.getSelectionModel().selectedItemProperty().addListener((observable, oldValue, newValue) -> {
+            if (oldValue != null) {
+                updateFetcherApiKey(oldValue);
+            }
+            if (newValue != null) {
+                useCustomApiKey.setSelected(newValue.shouldUse());
+                customApiKey.setText(newValue.getKey());
+            }
+        });
+        customApiKey.textProperty().addListener(listener -> updateFetcherApiKey(apiKeySelector.valueProperty().get()));
+
+        customApiKey.disableProperty().bind(useCustomApiKey.selectedProperty().not());
+        testCustomApiKey.disableProperty().bind(useCustomApiKey.selectedProperty().not());
+
+        apiKeySelector.setItems(viewModel.fetcherApiKeys());
+        viewModel.selectedApiKeyProperty().bind(apiKeySelector.valueProperty());
+
+        // Content is set later
+        viewModel.fetcherApiKeys().addListener((InvalidationListener) change -> apiKeySelector.getSelectionModel().selectFirst());
+    }
+
+    private void updateFetcherApiKey(FetcherApiKey apiKey) {
+        if (apiKey != null) {
+            apiKey.setUse(useCustomApiKey.isSelected());
+            apiKey.setKey(customApiKey.getText().trim());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @FXML
+    void checkCustomApiKey() {
+        viewModel.checkCustomApiKey();
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTabViewModel.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTabViewModel.java
index 6182fb9e342..e8d31ab8737 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTabViewModel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/preferences/importexport/ImportExportTabViewModel.java
@@ -1,22 +1,36 @@
 package org.jabref.gui.preferences.importexport;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Comparator;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
+import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
 
 import javafx.beans.property.BooleanProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.ListProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.ObjectProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleBooleanProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleListProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleObjectProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
 import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
 
+import org.jabref.gui.DialogService;
 import org.jabref.gui.commonfxcontrols.SortCriterionViewModel;
 import org.jabref.gui.preferences.PreferenceTabViewModel;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.WebFetchers;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.CustomizableKeyFetcher;
+import org.jabref.logic.l10n.Localization;
+import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
 import org.jabref.logic.preferences.DOIPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.FetcherApiKey;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.Field;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.FieldFactory;
 import org.jabref.model.metadata.SaveOrderConfig;
@@ -24,6 +38,9 @@
 
 public class ImportExportTabViewModel implements PreferenceTabViewModel {
 
+    private final ListProperty<FetcherApiKey> apiKeys = new SimpleListProperty<>();
+    private final ObjectProperty<FetcherApiKey> selectedApiKeyProperty = new SimpleObjectProperty<>();
+
     private final BooleanProperty generateKeyOnImportProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
 
     private final BooleanProperty useCustomDOIProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
@@ -39,12 +56,14 @@ public class ImportExportTabViewModel implements PreferenceTabViewModel {
     private final BooleanProperty grobidEnabledProperty = new SimpleBooleanProperty();
     private final StringProperty grobidURLProperty = new SimpleStringProperty("");
 
+    private final DialogService dialogService;
     private final PreferencesService preferencesService;
     private final DOIPreferences doiPreferences;
     private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
     private final SaveOrderConfig initialExportOrder;
 
-    public ImportExportTabViewModel(PreferencesService preferencesService, DOIPreferences doiPreferences) {
+    public ImportExportTabViewModel(PreferencesService preferencesService, DOIPreferences doiPreferences, DialogService dialogService) {
+        this.dialogService = dialogService;
         this.preferencesService = preferencesService;
         this.importerPreferences = preferencesService.getImporterPreferences();
         this.doiPreferences = doiPreferences;
@@ -69,10 +88,12 @@ public void setValues() {
         sortableFieldsProperty.addAll(fieldNames);
         sortCriteriaProperty.addAll(initialExportOrder.getSortCriteria().stream()
                                                       .map(SortCriterionViewModel::new)
-                                                      .collect(Collectors.toList()));
+                                                      .toList());
 
         grobidEnabledProperty.setValue(importerPreferences.isGrobidEnabled());
         grobidURLProperty.setValue(importerPreferences.getGrobidURL());
+
+        apiKeys.setValue(FXCollections.observableArrayList(preferencesService.getImporterPreferences().getApiKeys()));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -89,6 +110,10 @@ public void storeSettings() {
                 SaveOrderConfig.OrderType.fromBooleans(exportInSpecifiedOrderProperty.getValue(), exportInTableOrderProperty.getValue()),
                 sortCriteriaProperty.stream().map(SortCriterionViewModel::getCriterion).toList());
         preferencesService.storeExportSaveOrder(newSaveOrderConfig);
+
+        // API keys
+        preferencesService.getImporterPreferences().getApiKeys().clear();
+        preferencesService.getImporterPreferences().getApiKeys().addAll(apiKeys);
     }
 
     public BooleanProperty generateKeyOnImportProperty() {
@@ -132,4 +157,67 @@ public BooleanProperty grobidEnabledProperty() {
     public StringProperty grobidURLProperty() {
         return grobidURLProperty;
     }
+
+    public ListProperty<FetcherApiKey> fetcherApiKeys() {
+        return apiKeys;
+    }
+
+    public ObjectProperty<FetcherApiKey> selectedApiKeyProperty() {
+        return selectedApiKeyProperty;
+    }
+
+    public void checkCustomApiKey() {
+        final String apiKeyName = selectedApiKeyProperty.get().getName();
+
+        final Optional<CustomizableKeyFetcher> fetcherOpt =
+                WebFetchers.getCustomizableKeyFetchers(
+                                   preferencesService.getImportFormatPreferences(),
+                                   preferencesService.getImporterPreferences())
+                           .stream()
+                           .filter(fetcher -> fetcher.getName().equals(apiKeyName))
+                           .findFirst();
+
+        if (fetcherOpt.isEmpty()) {
+            dialogService.showErrorDialogAndWait(
+                    Localization.lang("Check %0 API Key Setting", apiKeyName),
+                    Localization.lang("Fetcher unknown!"));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        final String testUrlWithoutApiKey = fetcherOpt.get().getTestUrl();
+        if (testUrlWithoutApiKey == null) {
+            dialogService.showWarningDialogAndWait(
+                    Localization.lang("Check %0 API Key Setting", apiKeyName),
+                    Localization.lang("Fetcher cannot be tested!"));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        final String apiKey = selectedApiKeyProperty.get().getKey();
+
+        boolean keyValid;
+        if (!apiKey.isEmpty()) {
+            URLDownload urlDownload;
+            try {
+                SSLSocketFactory defaultSslSocketFactory = HttpsURLConnection.getDefaultSSLSocketFactory();
+                HostnameVerifier defaultHostnameVerifier = HttpsURLConnection.getDefaultHostnameVerifier();
+
+                urlDownload = new URLDownload(testUrlWithoutApiKey + apiKey);
+                // The HEAD request cannot be used because its response is not 200 (maybe 404 or 596...).
+                int statusCode = ((HttpURLConnection) urlDownload.getSource().openConnection()).getResponseCode();
+                keyValid = statusCode >= 200 && statusCode < 300;
+
+                URLDownload.setSSLVerification(defaultSslSocketFactory, defaultHostnameVerifier);
+            } catch (IOException | kong.unirest.UnirestException e) {
+                keyValid = false;
+            }
+        } else {
+            keyValid = false;
+        }
+
+        if (keyValid) {
+            dialogService.showInformationDialogAndWait(Localization.lang("Check %0 API Key Setting", apiKeyName), Localization.lang("Connection successful!"));
+        } else {
+            dialogService.showErrorDialogAndWait(Localization.lang("Check %0 API Key Setting", apiKeyName), Localization.lang("Connection failed!"));
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ExistingStudySearchAction.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ExistingStudySearchAction.java
index 4485c2f3fe3..c45b7f2fc1c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ExistingStudySearchAction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ExistingStudySearchAction.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.exporter.SavePreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.git.SlrGitHandler;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ParseException;
 import org.jabref.logic.l10n.Localization;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.io.FileUtil;
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ public class ExistingStudySearchAction extends SimpleCommand {
     private final ThemeManager themeManager;
     private final GeneralPreferences generalPreferences;
     private final ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
+    private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
     private final SavePreferences savePreferences;
     // This can be either populated before crawl is called or is populated in the call using the directory dialog. This is helpful if the directory is selected in a previous dialog/UI element
 
@@ -64,10 +66,13 @@ public ExistingStudySearchAction(JabRefFrame frame,
         this.generalPreferences = preferencesService.getGeneralPreferences();
         this.themeManager = themeManager;
         this.importFormatPreferences = preferencesService.getImportFormatPreferences();
+        this.importerPreferences = preferencesService.getImporterPreferences();
         this.savePreferences = preferencesService.getSavePreferences();
 
         this.workingDirectory = stateManager.getActiveDatabase()
-                                            .map(database -> FileUtil.getInitialDirectory(database, preferencesService.getFilePreferences().getWorkingDirectory()))
+                                            .map(database -> FileUtil.getInitialDirectory(
+                                                    database,
+                                                    preferencesService.getFilePreferences().getWorkingDirectory()))
                                             .orElse(preferencesService.getFilePreferences().getWorkingDirectory());
     }
 
@@ -101,7 +106,15 @@ public void crawl() {
         }
         final Crawler crawler;
         try {
-            crawler = new Crawler(studyDirectory, new SlrGitHandler(studyDirectory), generalPreferences, importFormatPreferences, savePreferences, new BibEntryTypesManager(), fileUpdateMonitor);
+            crawler = new Crawler(
+                    studyDirectory,
+                    new SlrGitHandler(studyDirectory),
+                    generalPreferences,
+                    importFormatPreferences,
+                    importerPreferences,
+                    savePreferences,
+                    new BibEntryTypesManager(),
+                    fileUpdateMonitor);
         } catch (IOException | ParseException e) {
             LOGGER.error("Error during reading of study definition file.", e);
             dialogService.showErrorDialogAndWait(Localization.lang("Error during reading of study definition file."), e);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ManageStudyDefinitionView.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ManageStudyDefinitionView.java
index 38467fed367..ce1c5f10e3e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ManageStudyDefinitionView.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ManageStudyDefinitionView.java
@@ -118,7 +118,11 @@ private void setupSaveButton() {
 
     @FXML
     private void initialize() {
-        viewModel = new ManageStudyDefinitionViewModel(study, workingDirectory, prefs.getImportFormatPreferences());
+        viewModel = new ManageStudyDefinitionViewModel(
+                study,
+                workingDirectory,
+                prefs.getImportFormatPreferences(),
+                prefs.getImporterPreferences());
 
         // Listen whether any databases are removed from selection -> Add back to the database selector
         studyTitle.textProperty().bindBidirectional(viewModel.titleProperty());
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ManageStudyDefinitionViewModel.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ManageStudyDefinitionViewModel.java
index c7f47a0ca56..01350ab64bb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ManageStudyDefinitionViewModel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/gui/slr/ManageStudyDefinitionViewModel.java
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 import javafx.collections.ObservableList;
 
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.SearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.WebFetchers;
 import org.jabref.model.study.Study;
@@ -40,33 +41,35 @@ public class ManageStudyDefinitionViewModel {
     private final SimpleStringProperty directory = new SimpleStringProperty();
     private Study study;
 
-    public ManageStudyDefinitionViewModel(Study study, Path studyDirectory, ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences) {
+    public ManageStudyDefinitionViewModel(Study study,
+                                          Path studyDirectory,
+                                          ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences,
+                                          ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
         if (Objects.isNull(study)) {
-            computeNonSelectedDatabases(importFormatPreferences);
+            computeNonSelectedDatabases(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences);
             return;
         }
         this.study = study;
         title.setValue(study.getTitle());
         authors.addAll(study.getAuthors());
         researchQuestions.addAll(study.getResearchQuestions());
-        queries.addAll(study.getQueries().stream().map(StudyQuery::getQuery).collect(Collectors.toList()));
+        queries.addAll(study.getQueries().stream().map(StudyQuery::getQuery).toList());
         databases.addAll(study.getDatabases()
                               .stream()
                               .map(studyDatabase -> new StudyDatabaseItem(studyDatabase.getName(), studyDatabase.isEnabled()))
-                              .collect(Collectors.toList()));
-        computeNonSelectedDatabases(importFormatPreferences);
+                              .toList());
+        computeNonSelectedDatabases(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences);
         if (!Objects.isNull(studyDirectory)) {
             this.directory.set(studyDirectory.toString());
         }
     }
 
-    private void computeNonSelectedDatabases(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences) {
-        nonSelectedDatabases.addAll(WebFetchers.getSearchBasedFetchers(importFormatPreferences)
+    private void computeNonSelectedDatabases(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences, ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
+        nonSelectedDatabases.addAll(WebFetchers.getSearchBasedFetchers(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences)
                                                .stream()
                                                .map(SearchBasedFetcher::getName)
                                                .map(s -> new StudyDatabaseItem(s, true))
-                                               .filter(studyDatabase -> !databases.contains(studyDatabase))
-                                               .collect(Collectors.toList()));
+                                               .filter(studyDatabase -> !databases.contains(studyDatabase)).toList());
     }
 
     public StringProperty getTitle() {
@@ -165,7 +168,7 @@ public void removeDatabase(String database) {
     }
 
     public void setStudyDirectory(Optional<Path> studyRepositoryRoot) {
-        getDirectory().setValue(studyRepositoryRoot.isPresent() ? studyRepositoryRoot.get().toString() : getDirectory().getValueSafe());
+        getDirectory().setValue(studyRepositoryRoot.map(Path::toString).orElseGet(() -> getDirectory().getValueSafe()));
     }
 
     public void deleteAuthor(String item) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/Crawler.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/Crawler.java
index 8df3e5d4154..04bed30f0b0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/Crawler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/Crawler.java
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.exporter.SavePreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.git.SlrGitHandler;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ParseException;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntryTypesManager;
 import org.jabref.model.study.QueryResult;
@@ -32,10 +33,30 @@ public class Crawler {
      *
      * @param studyRepositoryRoot The path to the study repository
      */
-    public Crawler(Path studyRepositoryRoot, SlrGitHandler gitHandler, GeneralPreferences generalPreferences, ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences, SavePreferences savePreferences, BibEntryTypesManager bibEntryTypesManager, FileUpdateMonitor fileUpdateMonitor) throws IllegalArgumentException, IOException, ParseException {
-        studyRepository = new StudyRepository(studyRepositoryRoot, gitHandler, generalPreferences, importFormatPreferences, fileUpdateMonitor, savePreferences, bibEntryTypesManager);
-        StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter studyDatabaseToFetcherConverter = new StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter(studyRepository.getActiveLibraryEntries(), importFormatPreferences);
-        this.studyFetcher = new StudyFetcher(studyDatabaseToFetcherConverter.getActiveFetchers(), studyRepository.getSearchQueryStrings());
+    public Crawler(Path studyRepositoryRoot,
+                   SlrGitHandler gitHandler,
+                   GeneralPreferences generalPreferences,
+                   ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences,
+                   ImporterPreferences importerPreferences,
+                   SavePreferences savePreferences,
+                   BibEntryTypesManager bibEntryTypesManager,
+                   FileUpdateMonitor fileUpdateMonitor) throws IllegalArgumentException, IOException, ParseException {
+        this.studyRepository = new StudyRepository(
+                studyRepositoryRoot,
+                gitHandler,
+                generalPreferences,
+                importFormatPreferences,
+                importerPreferences,
+                fileUpdateMonitor,
+                savePreferences,
+                bibEntryTypesManager);
+        StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter studyDatabaseToFetcherConverter = new StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter(
+                studyRepository.getActiveLibraryEntries(),
+                importFormatPreferences,
+                importerPreferences);
+        this.studyFetcher = new StudyFetcher(
+                studyDatabaseToFetcherConverter.getActiveFetchers(),
+                studyRepository.getSearchQueryStrings());
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter.java
index a5b51854cd8..70eef519aa3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter.java
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.SearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.WebFetchers;
 import org.jabref.model.study.StudyDatabase;
@@ -16,10 +17,14 @@
 class StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter {
     private final List<StudyDatabase> libraryEntries;
     private final ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
+    private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
 
-    public StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter(List<StudyDatabase> libraryEntries, ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences) {
+    public StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter(List<StudyDatabase> libraryEntries,
+                                           ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences,
+                                           ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
         this.libraryEntries = libraryEntries;
         this.importFormatPreferences = importFormatPreferences;
+        this.importerPreferences = importerPreferences;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -53,10 +58,10 @@ private List<SearchBasedFetcher> getFetchersFromLibraryEntries(List<StudyDatabas
      * @return An instance of the fetcher defined by the library entry.
      */
     private SearchBasedFetcher createFetcherFromLibraryEntry(StudyDatabase studyDatabase) {
-        Set<SearchBasedFetcher> searchBasedFetchers = WebFetchers.getSearchBasedFetchers(importFormatPreferences);
+        Set<SearchBasedFetcher> searchBasedFetchers = WebFetchers.getSearchBasedFetchers(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences);
         String libraryNameFromFetcher = studyDatabase.getName();
         return searchBasedFetchers.stream()
-                                  .filter(searchBasedFetcher -> searchBasedFetcher.getName().toLowerCase().equals(libraryNameFromFetcher.toLowerCase()))
+                                  .filter(searchBasedFetcher -> searchBasedFetcher.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(libraryNameFromFetcher))
                                   .findAny()
                                   .orElse(null);
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyRepository.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyRepository.java
index 5f31b76c87b..0453642b9c8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyRepository.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyRepository.java
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.exporter.SavePreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.git.SlrGitHandler;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.OpenDatabase;
-import org.jabref.logic.importer.ParseException;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.SearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.l10n.Localization;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.OS;
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ class StudyRepository {
     private final Study study;
     private final GeneralPreferences generalPreferences;
     private final ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
+    private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
     private final FileUpdateMonitor fileUpdateMonitor;
     private final SavePreferences savePreferences;
     private final BibEntryTypesManager bibEntryTypesManager;
@@ -79,19 +80,20 @@ class StudyRepository {
      *                                  contain the study definition file.
      * @throws IOException              Thrown if the given repository does not exists, or the study definition file
      *                                  does not exist
-     * @throws ParseException           Problem parsing the study definition file.
      */
     public StudyRepository(Path pathToRepository,
                            SlrGitHandler gitHandler,
                            GeneralPreferences generalPreferences,
                            ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences,
+                           ImporterPreferences importerPreferences,
                            FileUpdateMonitor fileUpdateMonitor,
                            SavePreferences savePreferences,
-                           BibEntryTypesManager bibEntryTypesManager) throws IOException, ParseException {
+                           BibEntryTypesManager bibEntryTypesManager) throws IOException {
         this.repositoryPath = pathToRepository;
         this.gitHandler = gitHandler;
         this.generalPreferences = generalPreferences;
         this.importFormatPreferences = importFormatPreferences;
+        this.importerPreferences = importerPreferences;
         this.fileUpdateMonitor = fileUpdateMonitor;
         this.studyDefinitionFile = Path.of(repositoryPath.toString(), STUDY_DEFINITION_FILE_NAME);
         this.savePreferences = savePreferences;
@@ -275,7 +277,10 @@ private void persistStudy() throws IOException {
      */
     private void setUpRepositoryStructure() throws IOException {
         // Cannot use stream here since IOException has to be thrown
-        StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter converter = new StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter(this.getActiveLibraryEntries(), importFormatPreferences);
+        StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter converter = new StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter(
+                this.getActiveLibraryEntries(),
+                importFormatPreferences,
+                importerPreferences);
         for (String query : this.getSearchQueryStrings()) {
             createQueryResultFolder(query);
             converter.getActiveFetchers()
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/FulltextFetchers.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/FulltextFetchers.java
index 57ad3f6c187..753beb94b59 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/FulltextFetchers.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/FulltextFetchers.java
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ public class FulltextFetchers {
         return false;
     };
 
-    public FulltextFetchers(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences) {
-        this(WebFetchers.getFullTextFetchers(importFormatPreferences));
+    public FulltextFetchers(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences, ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
+        this(WebFetchers.getFullTextFetchers(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences));
     }
 
     FulltextFetchers(Set<FulltextFetcher> fetcher) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/ImporterPreferences.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/ImporterPreferences.java
index d2da57015f6..0e62500c03a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/ImporterPreferences.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/ImporterPreferences.java
@@ -1,9 +1,15 @@
 package org.jabref.logic.importer;
 
+import java.util.Set;
+
 import javafx.beans.property.BooleanProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleBooleanProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
 import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+import javafx.collections.ObservableSet;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.FetcherApiKey;
 
 public class ImporterPreferences {
 
@@ -11,12 +17,18 @@ public class ImporterPreferences {
     private final BooleanProperty grobidEnabled;
     private final BooleanProperty grobidOptOut;
     private final StringProperty grobidURL;
+    private final ObservableSet<FetcherApiKey> apiKeys;
 
-    public ImporterPreferences(boolean generateNewKeyOnImport, boolean grobidEnabled, boolean grobidOptOut, String grobidURL) {
+    public ImporterPreferences(boolean generateNewKeyOnImport,
+                               boolean grobidEnabled,
+                               boolean grobidOptOut,
+                               String grobidURL,
+                               Set<FetcherApiKey> apiKeys) {
         this.generateNewKeyOnImport = new SimpleBooleanProperty(generateNewKeyOnImport);
         this.grobidEnabled = new SimpleBooleanProperty(grobidEnabled);
         this.grobidOptOut = new SimpleBooleanProperty(grobidOptOut);
         this.grobidURL = new SimpleStringProperty(grobidURL);
+        this.apiKeys = FXCollections.observableSet(apiKeys);
     }
 
     public boolean isGenerateNewKeyOnImport() {
@@ -66,4 +78,8 @@ public void setGrobidOptOut(boolean grobidOptOut) {
     public void setGrobidURL(String grobidURL) {
         this.grobidURL.set(grobidURL);
     }
+
+    public ObservableSet<FetcherApiKey> getApiKeys() {
+        return apiKeys;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/WebFetchers.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/WebFetchers.java
index 6b5214e65d6..bd335f38ba7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/WebFetchers.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/WebFetchers.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.CollectionOfComputerScienceBibliographiesFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.CompositeSearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.CrossRef;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.CustomizableKeyFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.DBLPFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.DOABFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.DOAJFetcher;
@@ -90,23 +91,23 @@ public static Optional<IdFetcher<? extends Identifier>> getIdFetcherForField(Fie
     /**
      * @return sorted set containing search based fetchers
      */
-    public static SortedSet<SearchBasedFetcher> getSearchBasedFetchers(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences) {
+    public static SortedSet<SearchBasedFetcher> getSearchBasedFetchers(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences, ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
         SortedSet<SearchBasedFetcher> set = new TreeSet<>(Comparator.comparing(WebFetcher::getName));
         set.add(new ArXiv(importFormatPreferences));
         set.add(new INSPIREFetcher(importFormatPreferences));
         set.add(new GvkFetcher());
         set.add(new MedlineFetcher());
-        set.add(new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences));
+        set.add(new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences));
         set.add(new MathSciNet(importFormatPreferences));
         set.add(new ZbMATH(importFormatPreferences));
         set.add(new ACMPortalFetcher());
         // set.add(new GoogleScholar(importFormatPreferences));
         set.add(new DBLPFetcher(importFormatPreferences));
-        set.add(new SpringerFetcher());
+        set.add(new SpringerFetcher(importerPreferences));
         set.add(new CrossRef());
         set.add(new CiteSeer());
         set.add(new DOAJFetcher(importFormatPreferences));
-        set.add(new IEEE(importFormatPreferences));
+        set.add(new IEEE(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences));
         set.add(new CompositeSearchBasedFetcher(set, 30));
         set.add(new CollectionOfComputerScienceBibliographiesFetcher(importFormatPreferences));
         set.add(new DOABFetcher());
@@ -119,10 +120,11 @@ public static SortedSet<SearchBasedFetcher> getSearchBasedFetchers(ImportFormatP
     /**
      * @return sorted set containing id based fetchers
      */
-    public static SortedSet<IdBasedFetcher> getIdBasedFetchers(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences) {
+    public static SortedSet<IdBasedFetcher> getIdBasedFetchers(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences,
+                                                               ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
         SortedSet<IdBasedFetcher> set = new TreeSet<>(Comparator.comparing(WebFetcher::getName));
         set.add(new ArXiv(importFormatPreferences));
-        set.add(new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences));
+        set.add(new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences));
         set.add(new IsbnFetcher(importFormatPreferences));
         set.add(new DiVA(importFormatPreferences));
         set.add(new DoiFetcher(importFormatPreferences));
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ public static SortedSet<IdBasedFetcher> getIdBasedFetchers(ImportFormatPreferenc
      */
     public static SortedSet<EntryBasedFetcher> getEntryBasedFetchers(ImporterPreferences importerPreferences, ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences, FilePreferences filePreferences, BibDatabaseContext databaseContext) {
         SortedSet<EntryBasedFetcher> set = new TreeSet<>(Comparator.comparing(WebFetcher::getName));
-        set.add(new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences));
+        set.add(new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences));
         set.add(new DoiFetcher(importFormatPreferences));
         set.add(new IsbnFetcher(importFormatPreferences));
         set.add(new MathSciNet(importFormatPreferences));
@@ -169,18 +171,18 @@ public static SortedSet<IdFetcher<? extends Identifier>> getIdFetchers(ImportFor
     /**
      * @return set containing fulltext fetchers
      */
-    public static Set<FulltextFetcher> getFullTextFetchers(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences) {
+    public static Set<FulltextFetcher> getFullTextFetchers(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences, ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
         Set<FulltextFetcher> fetchers = new HashSet<>();
 
         // Original
         fetchers.add(new DoiResolution(importFormatPreferences.getDoiPreferences()));
 
         // Publishers
-        fetchers.add(new ScienceDirect());
-        fetchers.add(new SpringerLink());
+        fetchers.add(new ScienceDirect(importerPreferences));
+        fetchers.add(new SpringerLink(importerPreferences));
         fetchers.add(new ACS());
         fetchers.add(new ArXiv(importFormatPreferences));
-        fetchers.add(new IEEE(importFormatPreferences));
+        fetchers.add(new IEEE(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences));
         fetchers.add(new ApsFetcher());
 
         // Meta search
@@ -191,4 +193,16 @@ public static Set<FulltextFetcher> getFullTextFetchers(ImportFormatPreferences i
         fetchers.add(new ResearchGate(importFormatPreferences));
         return fetchers;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return set containing customizable api key fetchers
+     */
+    public static Set<CustomizableKeyFetcher> getCustomizableKeyFetchers(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences, ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
+        Set<CustomizableKeyFetcher> fetchers = new HashSet<>();
+        fetchers.add(new IEEE(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences));
+        fetchers.add(new SpringerFetcher(importerPreferences));
+        fetchers.add(new ScienceDirect(importerPreferences));
+        fetchers.add(new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences));
+        return fetchers;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/AstrophysicsDataSystem.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/AstrophysicsDataSystem.java
index e657bc4faae..d59df7ed972 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/AstrophysicsDataSystem.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/AstrophysicsDataSystem.java
@@ -24,12 +24,14 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FetcherException;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.IdBasedParserFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.PagedSearchBasedParserFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ParseException;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.transformers.DefaultQueryTransformer;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fileformat.BibtexParser;
 import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.FetcherApiKey;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.BuildInfo;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
@@ -45,18 +47,21 @@
 import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.flexible.core.nodes.QueryNode;
 
 /**
- * Fetches data from the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/)
+ * Fetches data from the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (<a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/">https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/</a>)
  */
-public class AstrophysicsDataSystem implements IdBasedParserFetcher, PagedSearchBasedParserFetcher, EntryBasedParserFetcher {
+public class AstrophysicsDataSystem
+        implements IdBasedParserFetcher, PagedSearchBasedParserFetcher, EntryBasedParserFetcher, CustomizableKeyFetcher {
 
     private static final String API_SEARCH_URL = "https://api.adsabs.harvard.edu/v1/search/query";
     private static final String API_EXPORT_URL = "https://api.adsabs.harvard.edu/v1/export/bibtexabs";
 
     private static final String API_KEY = new BuildInfo().astrophysicsDataSystemAPIKey;
     private final ImportFormatPreferences preferences;
+    private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
 
-    public AstrophysicsDataSystem(ImportFormatPreferences preferences) {
+    public AstrophysicsDataSystem(ImportFormatPreferences preferences, ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
         this.preferences = Objects.requireNonNull(preferences);
+        this.importerPreferences = importerPreferences;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -80,6 +85,16 @@ public String getName() {
         return "SAO/NASA ADS";
     }
 
+    private String getApiKey() {
+        return importerPreferences.getApiKeys()
+                                  .stream()
+                                  .filter(key -> key.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(this.getName()))
+                                  .filter(FetcherApiKey::shouldUse)
+                                  .findFirst()
+                                  .map(FetcherApiKey::getKey)
+                                  .orElse(API_KEY);
+    }
+
     /**
      * @param luceneQuery query string, matching the apache solr format
      * @return URL which points to a search request for given query
@@ -163,7 +178,7 @@ public void doPostCleanup(BibEntry entry) {
         entry.getField(StandardField.ABSTRACT)
              .map(abstractText -> abstractText.replace("<P />", ""))
              .map(abstractText -> abstractText.replace("\\textbackslash", ""))
-             .map(abstractText -> abstractText.trim())
+             .map(String::trim)
              .ifPresent(abstractText -> entry.setField(StandardField.ABSTRACT, abstractText));
         // The fetcher adds some garbage (number of found entries etc before)
         entry.setCommentsBeforeEntry("");
@@ -245,7 +260,7 @@ private List<BibEntry> performSearchByIds(Collection<String> identifiers) throws
         try {
             String postData = buildPostData(ids);
             URLDownload download = new URLDownload(getURLforExport());
-            download.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + API_KEY);
+            download.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + this.getApiKey());
             download.addHeader("ContentType", "application/json");
             download.setPostData(postData);
             String content = download.asString();
@@ -306,7 +321,7 @@ public Page<BibEntry> performSearchPaged(QueryNode luceneQuery, int pageNumber)
     @Override
     public URLDownload getUrlDownload(URL url) {
         URLDownload urlDownload = new URLDownload(url);
-        urlDownload.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + API_KEY);
+        urlDownload.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + this.getApiKey());
         return urlDownload;
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/CustomizableKeyFetcher.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/CustomizableKeyFetcher.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..35215f1709c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/CustomizableKeyFetcher.java
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.WebFetcher;
+
+public interface CustomizableKeyFetcher extends WebFetcher {
+    default String getTestUrl() {
+        return null;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/IEEE.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/IEEE.java
index 98b6182bdfb..3ca57ff3cbf 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/IEEE.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/IEEE.java
@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FetcherException;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FulltextFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.PagedSearchBasedParserFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.transformers.IEEEQueryTransformer;
 import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.FetcherApiKey;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.BuildInfo;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.OS;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
@@ -44,9 +46,12 @@
  *
  * @implNote <a href="https://developer.ieee.org/docs">API documentation</a>
  */
-public class IEEE implements FulltextFetcher, PagedSearchBasedParserFetcher {
+public class IEEE implements FulltextFetcher, PagedSearchBasedParserFetcher, CustomizableKeyFetcher {
 
     private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IEEE.class);
+
+    private static final String FETCHER_NAME = "IEEEXplore";
+
     private static final String STAMP_BASE_STRING_DOCUMENT = "/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=";
     private static final Pattern STAMP_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("(/stamp/stamp.jsp\\?t?p?=?&?arnumber=[0-9]+)");
     private static final Pattern DOCUMENT_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("document/([0-9]+)/");
@@ -55,13 +60,16 @@ public class IEEE implements FulltextFetcher, PagedSearchBasedParserFetcher {
     private static final String IEEE_DOI = "10.1109";
     private static final String BASE_URL = "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org";
     private static final String API_KEY = new BuildInfo().ieeeAPIKey;
+    private static final String TEST_URL_WITHOUT_API_KEY = "https://ieeexploreapi.ieee.org/api/v1/search/articles?max_records=0&apikey=";
 
-    private final ImportFormatPreferences preferences;
+    private final ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
+    private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
 
     private IEEEQueryTransformer transformer;
 
-    public IEEE(ImportFormatPreferences preferences) {
-        this.preferences = Objects.requireNonNull(preferences);
+    public IEEE(ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences, ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
+        this.importFormatPreferences = Objects.requireNonNull(importFormatPreferences);
+        this.importerPreferences = Objects.requireNonNull(importerPreferences);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -206,18 +214,18 @@ public Parser getParser() {
                 JSONArray results = jsonObject.getJSONArray("articles");
                 for (int i = 0; i < results.length(); i++) {
                     JSONObject jsonEntry = results.getJSONObject(i);
-                    BibEntry entry = parseJsonResponse(jsonEntry, preferences.getKeywordSeparator());
+                    BibEntry entry = parseJsonResponse(jsonEntry, importFormatPreferences.getKeywordSeparator());
                     boolean addEntry;
                     // In case entry has no year, add it
                     // In case an entry has a year, check if its in the year range
                     // The implementation uses some Java 8 Optional magic to implement that
                     if (entry.hasField(StandardField.YEAR)) {
                         addEntry = entry.getField(StandardField.YEAR).filter(year -> {
-                            Integer yearAsInteger = Integer.valueOf(year);
+                            int yearAsInteger = Integer.parseInt(year);
                             return
                                     transformer.getStartYear().map(startYear -> yearAsInteger >= startYear).orElse(true) &&
                                             transformer.getEndYear().map(endYear -> yearAsInteger <= endYear).orElse(true);
-                        }).map(x -> true).orElse(false);
+                        }).isPresent();
                     } else {
                         addEntry = true;
                     }
@@ -233,7 +241,7 @@ public Parser getParser() {
 
     @Override
     public String getName() {
-        return "IEEEXplore";
+        return FETCHER_NAME;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -241,6 +249,21 @@ public Optional<HelpFile> getHelpPage() {
         return Optional.of(HelpFile.FETCHER_IEEEXPLORE);
     }
 
+    private String getApiKey() {
+        return importerPreferences.getApiKeys()
+                                  .stream()
+                                  .filter(key -> key.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(this.getName()))
+                                  .filter(FetcherApiKey::shouldUse)
+                                  .findFirst()
+                                  .map(FetcherApiKey::getKey)
+                                  .orElse(API_KEY);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getTestUrl() {
+        return TEST_URL_WITHOUT_API_KEY;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public URL getURLForQuery(QueryNode luceneQuery, int pageNumber) throws URISyntaxException, MalformedURLException, FetcherException {
         // transformer is stored globally, because we need to filter out the bib entries by the year manually
@@ -248,7 +271,7 @@ public URL getURLForQuery(QueryNode luceneQuery, int pageNumber) throws URISynta
         transformer = new IEEEQueryTransformer();
         String transformedQuery = transformer.transformLuceneQuery(luceneQuery).orElse("");
         URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder("https://ieeexploreapi.ieee.org/api/v1/search/articles");
-        uriBuilder.addParameter("apikey", API_KEY);
+        uriBuilder.addParameter("apikey", getApiKey());
         if (!transformedQuery.isBlank()) {
             uriBuilder.addParameter("querytext", transformedQuery);
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/ScienceDirect.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/ScienceDirect.java
index 3ebda1c0bbd..96a30c3703f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/ScienceDirect.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/ScienceDirect.java
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FulltextFetcher;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.net.URLDownload;
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.FetcherApiKey;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.BuildInfo;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
@@ -32,11 +34,18 @@
  * FulltextFetcher implementation that attempts to find a PDF URL at <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/">ScienceDirect</a>.
  * See <a href="https://dev.elsevier.com/">https://dev.elsevier.com/</a>.
  */
-public class ScienceDirect implements FulltextFetcher {
+public class ScienceDirect implements FulltextFetcher, CustomizableKeyFetcher {
     private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScienceDirect.class);
 
     private static final String API_URL = "https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/doi/";
     private static final String API_KEY = new BuildInfo().scienceDirectApiKey;
+    private static final String FETCHER_NAME = "ScienceDirect";
+
+    private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
+
+    public ScienceDirect(ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
+        this.importerPreferences = importerPreferences;
+    }
 
     @Override
     public Optional<URL> findFullText(BibEntry entry) throws IOException {
@@ -131,7 +140,7 @@ private String getUrlByDoi(String doi) throws UnirestException {
         try {
             String request = API_URL + doi;
             HttpResponse<JsonNode> jsonResponse = Unirest.get(request)
-                                                         .header("X-ELS-APIKey", API_KEY)
+                                                         .header("X-ELS-APIKey", this.getApiKey())
                                                          .queryString("httpAccept", "application/json")
                                                          .asJson();
 
@@ -152,4 +161,19 @@ private String getUrlByDoi(String doi) throws UnirestException {
             return sciLink;
         }
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getName() {
+        return FETCHER_NAME;
+    }
+
+    private String getApiKey() {
+        return importerPreferences.getApiKeys()
+                                  .stream()
+                                  .filter(key -> key.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(this.getName()))
+                                  .filter(FetcherApiKey::shouldUse)
+                                  .findFirst()
+                                  .map(FetcherApiKey::getKey)
+                                  .orElse(API_KEY);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerFetcher.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerFetcher.java
index efd8f4b325b..d0aa60e4494 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerFetcher.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerFetcher.java
@@ -12,9 +12,11 @@
 
 import org.jabref.logic.help.HelpFile;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FetcherException;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.PagedSearchBasedParserFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.Parser;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.fetcher.transformers.SpringerQueryTransformer;
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.FetcherApiKey;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.BuildInfo;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.OS;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
@@ -36,15 +38,24 @@
  *
  * @implNote see <a href="https://dev.springernature.com/">API documentation</a> for more details
  */
-public class SpringerFetcher implements PagedSearchBasedParserFetcher {
+public class SpringerFetcher implements PagedSearchBasedParserFetcher, CustomizableKeyFetcher {
 
     private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SpringerFetcher.class);
 
-    private static final String API_URL = "http://api.springernature.com/meta/v1/json";
+    private static final String API_URL = "https://api.springernature.com/meta/v1/json";
     private static final String API_KEY = new BuildInfo().springerNatureAPIKey;
+    // Springer query using the parameter 'q=doi:10.1007/s11276-008-0131-4s=1' will respond faster
+    private static final String TEST_URL_WITHOUT_API_KEY = "https://api.springernature.com/meta/v1/json?q=doi:10.1007/s11276-008-0131-4s=1&p=1&api_key=";
+    private static final String FETCHER_NAME = "Springer";
+
+    private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
+
+    public SpringerFetcher(ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
+        this.importerPreferences = importerPreferences;
+    }
 
     /**
-     * Convert a JSONObject obtained from http://api.springer.com/metadata/json to a BibEntry
+     * Convert a JSONObject obtained from <a href="http://api.springer.com/metadata/json">http://api.springer.com/metadata/json</a> to a BibEntry
      *
      * @param springerJsonEntry the JSONObject from search results
      * @return the converted BibEntry
@@ -152,7 +163,7 @@ public static BibEntry parseSpringerJSONtoBibtex(JSONObject springerJsonEntry) {
 
     @Override
     public String getName() {
-        return "Springer";
+        return FETCHER_NAME;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -160,11 +171,34 @@ public Optional<HelpFile> getHelpPage() {
         return Optional.of(HelpFile.FETCHER_SPRINGER);
     }
 
+    private String getApiKey() {
+        return importerPreferences.getApiKeys()
+                                  .stream()
+                                  .filter(key -> key.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(FETCHER_NAME))
+                                  .filter(FetcherApiKey::shouldUse)
+                                  .findFirst()
+                                  .map(FetcherApiKey::getKey)
+                                  .orElse(API_KEY);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getTestUrl() {
+        return TEST_URL_WITHOUT_API_KEY;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the query URL
+     *
+     * @param luceneQuery the search query
+     * @param pageNumber  the number of the page indexed from 0
+     * @return URL
+     */
     @Override
     public URL getURLForQuery(QueryNode luceneQuery, int pageNumber) throws URISyntaxException, MalformedURLException, FetcherException {
+
         URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(API_URL);
         uriBuilder.addParameter("q", new SpringerQueryTransformer().transformLuceneQuery(luceneQuery).orElse("")); // Search query
-        uriBuilder.addParameter("api_key", API_KEY); // API key
+        uriBuilder.addParameter("api_key", getApiKey()); // API key
         uriBuilder.addParameter("s", String.valueOf(getPageSize() * pageNumber + 1)); // Start entry, starts indexing at 1
         uriBuilder.addParameter("p", String.valueOf(getPageSize())); // Page size
         return uriBuilder.build().toURL();
@@ -176,7 +210,7 @@ private String constructComplexQueryString(ComplexSearchQuery complexSearchQuery
         complexSearchQuery.getTitlePhrases().forEach(title -> searchTerms.add("title:" + title));
         complexSearchQuery.getJournal().ifPresent(journal -> searchTerms.add("journal:" + journal));
         // Since Springer API does not support year range search, we ignore formYear and toYear and use "singleYear" only
-        complexSearchQuery.getSingleYear().ifPresent(year -> searchTerms.add("date:" + year.toString() + "*"));
+        complexSearchQuery.getSingleYear().ifPresent(year -> searchTerms.add("date:" + year + "*"));
         searchTerms.addAll(complexSearchQuery.getDefaultFieldPhrases());
         return String.join(" AND ", searchTerms);
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerLink.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerLink.java
index 06334f42939..78a7a420718 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerLink.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerLink.java
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 import java.util.Optional;
 
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FulltextFetcher;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.FetcherApiKey;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.BuildInfo;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@
 /**
  * FulltextFetcher implementation that attempts to find a PDF URL at SpringerLink.
  * <p>
- * Uses Springer API, see @link{https://dev.springer.com}
+ * Uses Springer API, see <a href="https://dev.springer.com">https://dev.springer.com</a>
  */
 public class SpringerLink implements FulltextFetcher {
     private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SpringerLink.class);
@@ -30,6 +32,23 @@ public class SpringerLink implements FulltextFetcher {
     private static final String API_URL = "https://api.springer.com/meta/v1/json";
     private static final String API_KEY = new BuildInfo().springerNatureAPIKey;
     private static final String CONTENT_HOST = "link.springer.com";
+    private static final String FETCHER_NAME = "Springer";
+
+    private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
+
+    public SpringerLink(ImporterPreferences importerPreferences) {
+        this.importerPreferences = importerPreferences;
+    }
+
+    private String getApiKey() {
+        return importerPreferences.getApiKeys()
+                                  .stream()
+                                  .filter(key -> key.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(FETCHER_NAME))
+                                  .filter(FetcherApiKey::shouldUse)
+                                  .findFirst()
+                                  .map(FetcherApiKey::getKey)
+                                  .orElse(API_KEY);
+    }
 
     @Override
     public Optional<URL> findFullText(BibEntry entry) throws IOException {
@@ -38,13 +57,13 @@ public Optional<URL> findFullText(BibEntry entry) throws IOException {
         // Try unique DOI first
         Optional<DOI> doi = entry.getField(StandardField.DOI).flatMap(DOI::parse);
 
-        if (!doi.isPresent()) {
+        if (doi.isEmpty()) {
             return Optional.empty();
         }
         // Available in catalog?
         try {
             HttpResponse<JsonNode> jsonResponse = Unirest.get(API_URL)
-                                                         .queryString("api_key", API_KEY)
+                                                         .queryString("api_key", getApiKey())
                                                          .queryString("q", String.format("doi:%s", doi.get().getDOI()))
                                                          .asJson();
             if (jsonResponse.getBody() != null) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/preferences/FetcherApiKey.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/preferences/FetcherApiKey.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e982dd0e58f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/logic/preferences/FetcherApiKey.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package org.jabref.logic.preferences;
+
+import javafx.beans.property.BooleanProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleBooleanProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.SimpleStringProperty;
+import javafx.beans.property.StringProperty;
+
+public class FetcherApiKey {
+    private final StringProperty name;
+    private final BooleanProperty use;
+    private final StringProperty key;
+
+    public FetcherApiKey(String name, boolean use, String key) {
+        this.name = new SimpleStringProperty(name);
+        this.use = new SimpleBooleanProperty(use);
+        this.key = new SimpleStringProperty(key);
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name.getValue();
+    }
+
+    public boolean shouldUse() {
+        return use.getValue();
+    }
+
+    public BooleanProperty useProperty() {
+        return use;
+    }
+
+    public void setUse(boolean useCustom) {
+        this.use.setValue(useCustom);
+    }
+
+    public String getKey() {
+        return key.getValue();
+    }
+
+    public StringProperty keyProperty() {
+        return key;
+    }
+
+    public void setKey(String key) {
+        this.key.setValue(key);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/jabref/preferences/JabRefPreferences.java b/src/main/java/org/jabref/preferences/JabRefPreferences.java
index 52c9746abba..f271ecccae2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/jabref/preferences/JabRefPreferences.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/jabref/preferences/JabRefPreferences.java
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.openoffice.OpenOfficePreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.openoffice.style.StyleLoader;
 import org.jabref.logic.preferences.DOIPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.preferences.FetcherApiKey;
 import org.jabref.logic.preferences.OwnerPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.preferences.TimestampPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.preview.PreviewLayout;
@@ -214,6 +215,10 @@ public class JabRefPreferences implements PreferencesService {
     public static final String BASE_DOI_URI = "baseDOIURI";
     public static final String USE_CUSTOM_DOI_URI = "useCustomDOIURI";
 
+    public static final String FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEY_NAMES = "fetcherCustomKeyNames";
+    public static final String FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEY_USES = "fetcherCustomKeyUses";
+    public static final String FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEYS = "fetcherCustomKeys";
+
     public static final String USE_OWNER = "useOwner";
     public static final String DEFAULT_OWNER = "defaultOwner";
     public static final String OVERWRITE_OWNER = "overwriteOwner";
@@ -296,16 +301,7 @@ public class JabRefPreferences implements PreferencesService {
     public static final String VALIDATE_IN_ENTRY_EDITOR = "validateInEntryEditor";
 
     /**
-     * The OpenOffice/LibreOffice connection preferences are:
-     * OO_PATH main directory for OO/LO installation, used to detect location on Win/macOS when using manual connect
-     * OO_EXECUTABLE_PATH path to soffice-file
-     * OO_JARS_PATH directory that contains juh.jar, jurt.jar, ridl.jar, unoil.jar
-     * OO_SYNC_WHEN_CITING true if the reference list is updated when adding a new citation
-     * OO_SHOW_PANEL true if the OO panel is shown on startup
-     * OO_USE_ALL_OPEN_DATABASES true if all databases should be used when citing
-     * OO_BIBLIOGRAPHY_STYLE_FILE path to the used style file
-     * OO_EXTERNAL_STYLE_FILES list with paths to external style files
-     * STYLES_*_* size and position of "Select style" dialog
+     * The OpenOffice/LibreOffice connection preferences are: OO_PATH main directory for OO/LO installation, used to detect location on Win/macOS when using manual connect OO_EXECUTABLE_PATH path to soffice-file OO_JARS_PATH directory that contains juh.jar, jurt.jar, ridl.jar, unoil.jar OO_SYNC_WHEN_CITING true if the reference list is updated when adding a new citation OO_SHOW_PANEL true if the OO panel is shown on startup OO_USE_ALL_OPEN_DATABASES true if all databases should be used when citing OO_BIBLIOGRAPHY_STYLE_FILE path to the used style file OO_EXTERNAL_STYLE_FILES list with paths to external style files STYLES_*_* size and position of "Select style" dialog
      */
     public static final String OO_EXECUTABLE_PATH = "ooExecutablePath";
     public static final String OO_PATH = "ooPath";
@@ -633,6 +629,10 @@ private JabRefPreferences() {
 
         defaults.put(SPECIALFIELDSENABLED, Boolean.TRUE);
 
+        defaults.put(FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEY_NAMES, "Springer;IEEEXplore;SAO/NASA ADS;ScienceDirect");
+        defaults.put(FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEY_USES, "FALSE;FALSE;FALSE;FALSE");
+        defaults.put(FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEYS, "");
+
         defaults.put(USE_OWNER, Boolean.FALSE);
         defaults.put(OVERWRITE_OWNER, Boolean.FALSE);
         defaults.put(AVOID_OVERWRITING_KEY, Boolean.FALSE);
@@ -914,8 +914,7 @@ private void remove(String key) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Puts a list of strings into the Preferences, by linking its elements with a STRINGLIST_DELIMITER into a single
-     * string. Escape characters make the process transparent even if strings contains a STRINGLIST_DELIMITER.
+     * Puts a list of strings into the Preferences, by linking its elements with a STRINGLIST_DELIMITER into a single string. Escape characters make the process transparent even if strings contains a STRINGLIST_DELIMITER.
      */
     public void putStringList(String key, List<String> value) {
         if (value == null) {
@@ -1082,8 +1081,7 @@ public void exportPreferences(Path file) throws JabRefException {
      * Imports Preferences from an XML file.
      *
      * @param file Path of file to import from
-     * @throws JabRefException thrown if importing the preferences failed due to an InvalidPreferencesFormatException or
-     *                         an IOException
+     * @throws JabRefException thrown if importing the preferences failed due to an InvalidPreferencesFormatException or an IOException
      */
     @Override
     public void importPreferences(Path file) throws JabRefException {
@@ -1542,7 +1540,7 @@ public List<Field> getAllDefaultTabFieldNames() {
                 break;
             }
 
-            customFields.addAll(Arrays.stream(fields.split(STRINGLIST_DELIMITER.toString())).map(FieldFactory::parseField).collect(Collectors.toList()));
+            customFields.addAll(Arrays.stream(fields.split(STRINGLIST_DELIMITER.toString())).map(FieldFactory::parseField).toList());
             defNumber++;
         }
         return customFields;
@@ -1916,26 +1914,24 @@ public void storeMainTableNameFormatPreferences(MainTableNameFormatPreferences p
 
     //*************************************************************************************************************
     // Generic Column Handling
-    //***********************************************s**************************************************************
+    //*************************************************************************************************************
 
-    public List<MainTableColumnModel> updateColumns(String columnNamesList, String columnWidthList, String sortTypeList, double defaultWidth) {
+    private List<MainTableColumnModel> updateColumns(String columnNamesList, String columnWidthList, String sortTypeList, double defaultWidth) {
         List<String> columnNames = getStringList(columnNamesList);
         List<Double> columnWidths = getStringList(columnWidthList)
-                                                                  .stream()
-                                                                  .map(string -> {
-                                                                      try {
-                                                                          return Double.parseDouble(string);
-                                                                      } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
-                                                                          LOGGER.error("Exception while parsing column widths. Choosing default.", e);
-                                                                          return defaultWidth;
-                                                                      }
-                                                                  })
-                                                                  .collect(Collectors.toList());
+                .stream()
+                .map(string -> {
+                    try {
+                        return Double.parseDouble(string);
+                    } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                        LOGGER.error("Exception while parsing column widths. Choosing default.", e);
+                        return defaultWidth;
+                    }
+                }).toList();
 
         List<SortType> columnSortTypes = getStringList(sortTypeList)
-                                                                    .stream()
-                                                                    .map(SortType::valueOf)
-                                                                    .collect(Collectors.toList());
+                .stream()
+                .map(SortType::valueOf).toList();
 
         List<MainTableColumnModel> columns = new ArrayList<>();
         for (int i = 0; i < columnNames.size(); i++) {
@@ -1988,8 +1984,8 @@ private List<MainTableColumnModel> updateColumnSortOrder(String sortOrderList, L
     @Override
     public ColumnPreferences getSearchDialogColumnPreferences() {
         return new ColumnPreferences(
-                                     createSearchDialogColumns(),
-                                     createSearchDialogColumnSortOrder());
+                createSearchDialogColumns(),
+                createSearchDialogColumnSortOrder());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2831,14 +2827,50 @@ public ImporterPreferences getImporterPreferences() {
                 getBoolean(GENERATE_KEY_ON_IMPORT),
                 getBoolean(GROBID_ENABLED),
                 getBoolean(GROBID_OPT_OUT),
-                get(GROBID_URL)
+                get(GROBID_URL),
+                getFetcherKeys()
         );
 
         EasyBind.listen(importerPreferences.generateNewKeyOnImportProperty(), (obs, oldValue, newValue) -> putBoolean(GENERATE_KEY_ON_IMPORT, newValue));
         EasyBind.listen(importerPreferences.grobidEnabledProperty(), (obs, oldValue, newValue) -> putBoolean(GROBID_ENABLED, newValue));
         EasyBind.listen(importerPreferences.grobidOptOutProperty(), (obs, oldValue, newValue) -> putBoolean(GROBID_OPT_OUT, newValue));
         EasyBind.listen(importerPreferences.grobidURLProperty(), (obs, oldValue, newValue) -> put(GROBID_URL, newValue));
+        importerPreferences.getApiKeys().addListener((InvalidationListener) c -> storeFetcherKeys(importerPreferences.getApiKeys()));
 
         return importerPreferences;
     }
+
+    private Set<FetcherApiKey> getFetcherKeys() {
+        Set<FetcherApiKey> fetcherApiKeys = new HashSet<>();
+
+        List<String> names = getStringList(FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEY_NAMES);
+        List<String> uses = getStringList(FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEY_USES);
+        List<String> keys = getStringList(FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEYS);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < names.size(); i++) {
+            fetcherApiKeys.add(new FetcherApiKey(
+                    names.get(i),
+                    // i < uses.size() ? Boolean.parseBoolean(uses.get(i)) : false
+                    i < uses.size() && Boolean.parseBoolean(uses.get(i)),
+                    i < keys.size() ? keys.get(i) : ""));
+        }
+
+        return fetcherApiKeys;
+    }
+
+    private void storeFetcherKeys(Set<FetcherApiKey> fetcherApiKeys) {
+        List<String> names = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<String> uses = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<String> keys = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        for (FetcherApiKey apiKey : fetcherApiKeys) {
+            names.add(apiKey.getName());
+            uses.add(String.valueOf(apiKey.shouldUse()));
+            keys.add(apiKey.getKey());
+        }
+
+        putStringList(FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEY_NAMES, names);
+        putStringList(FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEY_USES, uses);
+        putStringList(FETCHER_CUSTOM_KEYS, keys);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/resources/l10n/JabRef_en.properties b/src/main/resources/l10n/JabRef_en.properties
index d87e92389a2..e1aa756a5ae 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/l10n/JabRef_en.properties
+++ b/src/main/resources/l10n/JabRef_en.properties
@@ -2445,6 +2445,9 @@ Grobid\ URL=Grobid URL
 Remote\ services=Remote services
 Allow\ sending\ PDF\ files\ and\ raw\ citation\ strings\ to\ a\ JabRef\ online\ service\ (Grobid)\ to\ determine\ Metadata.\ This\ produces\ better\ results.=Allow sending PDF files and raw citation strings to a JabRef online service (Grobid) to determine Metadata. This produces better results.
 
+Fetcher\ cannot\ be\ tested\!=Fetcher cannot be tested!
+Fetcher\ unknown\!=Fetcher unknown!
+
 Character\ by\ character=Character by character
 Embedded=Embedded
 Entry=Entry
@@ -2477,3 +2480,6 @@ Error\ downloading=Error downloading
 Error\ while\ writing\ metadata.\ See\ the\ error\ log\ for\ details.=Error while writing metadata. See the error log for details.
 Failed\ to\ write\ metadata,\ file\ %1\ not\ found.=Failed to write metadata, file %1 not found.
 Success\!\ Finished\ writing\ metadata.=Success! Finished writing metadata.
+
+Custom\ API\ key=Custom API key
+Check\ %0\ API\ Key\ Setting=Check %0 API Key Setting
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/CrawlerTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/CrawlerTest.java
index 8e7037693c0..7f2c60405cc 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/CrawlerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/CrawlerTest.java
@@ -5,12 +5,15 @@
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.List;
 
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+
 import org.jabref.logic.bibtex.FieldContentFormatterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.citationkeypattern.CitationKeyPatternPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.citationkeypattern.GlobalCitationKeyPattern;
 import org.jabref.logic.exporter.SavePreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.git.SlrGitHandler;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.io.FileUtil;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntryTypesManager;
 import org.jabref.model.metadata.SaveOrderConfig;
@@ -34,6 +37,7 @@ class CrawlerTest {
     @TempDir
     Path tempRepositoryDirectory;
     ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
+    ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
     SavePreferences savePreferences;
     BibEntryTypesManager entryTypesManager;
     SlrGitHandler gitHandler = mock(SlrGitHandler.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEFAULTS);
@@ -45,7 +49,14 @@ class CrawlerTest {
     @Test
     public void testWhetherAllFilesAreCreated() throws Exception {
         setUp();
-        Crawler testCrawler = new Crawler(getPathToStudyDefinitionFile(), gitHandler, generalPreferences, importFormatPreferences, savePreferences, entryTypesManager, new DummyFileUpdateMonitor());
+        Crawler testCrawler = new Crawler(getPathToStudyDefinitionFile(),
+                gitHandler,
+                generalPreferences,
+                importFormatPreferences,
+                importerPreferences,
+                savePreferences,
+                entryTypesManager,
+                new DummyFileUpdateMonitor());
 
         testCrawler.performCrawl();
 
@@ -83,10 +94,12 @@ private void setUp() throws Exception {
                 ',');
 
         importFormatPreferences = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
+        importerPreferences = mock(ImporterPreferences.class);
         savePreferences = mock(SavePreferences.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
         when(savePreferences.getSaveOrder()).thenReturn(new SaveOrderConfig());
         when(savePreferences.takeMetadataSaveOrderInAccount()).thenReturn(true);
         when(savePreferences.getCitationKeyPatternPreferences()).thenReturn(citationKeyPatternPreferences);
+        when(importerPreferences.getApiKeys()).thenReturn(FXCollections.emptyObservableSet());
         when(importFormatPreferences.getKeywordSeparator()).thenReturn(',');
         when(importFormatPreferences.getFieldContentFormatterPreferences()).thenReturn(new FieldContentFormatterPreferences());
         entryTypesManager = new BibEntryTypesManager();
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverterTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverterTest.java
index 9479549bd43..37829f6fb5d 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverterTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverterTest.java
@@ -5,10 +5,13 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+
 import org.jabref.logic.bibtex.FieldContentFormatterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.exporter.SavePreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.git.SlrGitHandler;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.SearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.preferences.TimestampPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.io.FileUtil;
@@ -29,6 +32,7 @@
 class StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverterTest {
     GeneralPreferences generalPreferences;
     ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
+    ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
     SavePreferences savePreferences;
     TimestampPreferences timestampPreferences;
     BibEntryTypesManager entryTypesManager;
@@ -40,12 +44,14 @@ class StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverterTest {
     void setUpMocks() {
         generalPreferences = mock(GeneralPreferences.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
         importFormatPreferences = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
+        importerPreferences = mock(ImporterPreferences.class);
         savePreferences = mock(SavePreferences.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
         timestampPreferences = mock(TimestampPreferences.class);
         when(savePreferences.getSaveOrder()).thenReturn(new SaveOrderConfig());
         when(savePreferences.takeMetadataSaveOrderInAccount()).thenReturn(true);
         when(importFormatPreferences.getKeywordSeparator()).thenReturn(',');
         when(importFormatPreferences.getFieldContentFormatterPreferences()).thenReturn(new FieldContentFormatterPreferences());
+        when(importerPreferences.getApiKeys()).thenReturn(FXCollections.emptyObservableSet());
         entryTypesManager = new BibEntryTypesManager();
         gitHandler = mock(SlrGitHandler.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEFAULTS);
     }
@@ -55,8 +61,19 @@ public void getActiveFetcherInstances() throws Exception {
         Path studyDefinition = tempRepositoryDirectory.resolve("study.yml");
         copyTestStudyDefinitionFileIntoDirectory(studyDefinition);
 
-        StudyRepository studyRepository = new StudyRepository(tempRepositoryDirectory, gitHandler, generalPreferences, importFormatPreferences, new DummyFileUpdateMonitor(), savePreferences, entryTypesManager);
-        StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter converter = new StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter(studyRepository.getActiveLibraryEntries(), importFormatPreferences);
+        StudyRepository studyRepository = new StudyRepository(
+                tempRepositoryDirectory,
+                gitHandler,
+                generalPreferences,
+                importFormatPreferences,
+                importerPreferences,
+                new DummyFileUpdateMonitor(),
+                savePreferences,
+                entryTypesManager);
+        StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter converter = new StudyDatabaseToFetcherConverter(
+                studyRepository.getActiveLibraryEntries(),
+                importFormatPreferences,
+                importerPreferences);
         List<SearchBasedFetcher> result = converter.getActiveFetchers();
 
         Assertions.assertEquals(
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyRepositoryTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyRepositoryTest.java
index 5805fe73ad8..ec0911431d0 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyRepositoryTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/crawler/StudyRepositoryTest.java
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+
 import org.jabref.logic.bibtex.FieldContentFormatterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.citationkeypattern.CitationKeyGenerator;
 import org.jabref.logic.citationkeypattern.CitationKeyPatternPreferences;
@@ -17,6 +19,7 @@
 import org.jabref.logic.exporter.SavePreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.git.SlrGitHandler;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.preferences.TimestampPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.util.io.FileUtil;
 import org.jabref.model.database.BibDatabase;
@@ -48,6 +51,7 @@ class StudyRepositoryTest {
     CitationKeyPatternPreferences citationKeyPatternPreferences;
     GeneralPreferences generalPreferences;
     ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
+    ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
     SavePreferences savePreferences;
     TimestampPreferences timestampPreferences;
     BibEntryTypesManager entryTypesManager;
@@ -67,6 +71,7 @@ public void setUpMocks() throws Exception {
         generalPreferences = mock(GeneralPreferences.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
         savePreferences = mock(SavePreferences.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
         importFormatPreferences = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
+        importerPreferences = mock(ImporterPreferences.class);
         timestampPreferences = mock(TimestampPreferences.class);
         citationKeyPatternPreferences = new CitationKeyPatternPreferences(
                 false,
@@ -81,6 +86,7 @@ public void setUpMocks() throws Exception {
         when(savePreferences.getSaveOrder()).thenReturn(new SaveOrderConfig());
         when(savePreferences.takeMetadataSaveOrderInAccount()).thenReturn(true);
         when(savePreferences.getCitationKeyPatternPreferences()).thenReturn(citationKeyPatternPreferences);
+        when(importerPreferences.getApiKeys()).thenReturn(FXCollections.emptyObservableSet());
         when(importFormatPreferences.getKeywordSeparator()).thenReturn(',');
         when(importFormatPreferences.getFieldContentFormatterPreferences()).thenReturn(new FieldContentFormatterPreferences());
         when(timestampPreferences.getTimestampField()).then(invocation -> StandardField.TIMESTAMP);
@@ -92,15 +98,22 @@ public void setUpMocks() throws Exception {
     void providePathToNonExistentRepositoryThrowsException() {
         Path nonExistingRepositoryDirectory = tempRepositoryDirectory.resolve(NON_EXISTING_DIRECTORY);
 
-        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> new StudyRepository(nonExistingRepositoryDirectory, gitHandler, generalPreferences, importFormatPreferences, new DummyFileUpdateMonitor(), savePreferences, entryTypesManager));
+        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> new StudyRepository(
+                nonExistingRepositoryDirectory,
+                gitHandler,
+                generalPreferences,
+                importFormatPreferences,
+                importerPreferences,
+                new DummyFileUpdateMonitor(),
+                savePreferences,
+                entryTypesManager));
     }
 
     /**
      * Tests whether the file structure of the repository is created correctly from the study definitions file.
      */
     @Test
-    void repositoryStructureCorrectlyCreated() throws Exception {
-
+    void repositoryStructureCorrectlyCreated() {
         // When repository is instantiated the directory structure is created
         assertTrue(Files.exists(Path.of(tempRepositoryDirectory.toString(), hashCodeQuantum + " - Quantum")));
         assertTrue(Files.exists(Path.of(tempRepositoryDirectory.toString(), hashCodeCloudComputing + " - Cloud Computing")));
@@ -172,7 +185,15 @@ void studyResultsPersistedCorrectly() throws Exception {
 
     private StudyRepository getTestStudyRepository() throws Exception {
         setUpTestStudyDefinitionFile();
-        studyRepository = new StudyRepository(tempRepositoryDirectory, gitHandler, generalPreferences, importFormatPreferences, new DummyFileUpdateMonitor(), savePreferences, entryTypesManager);
+        studyRepository = new StudyRepository(
+                tempRepositoryDirectory,
+                gitHandler,
+                generalPreferences,
+                importFormatPreferences,
+                importerPreferences,
+                new DummyFileUpdateMonitor(),
+                savePreferences,
+                entryTypesManager);
         return studyRepository;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/WebFetchersTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/WebFetchersTest.java
index f9b8304eba8..a65bb74f256 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/WebFetchersTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/WebFetchersTest.java
@@ -29,18 +29,20 @@
 class WebFetchersTest {
 
     private ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
+    private ImporterPreferences importerPreferences;
     private final ClassGraph classGraph = new ClassGraph().enableAllInfo().acceptPackages("org.jabref");
 
     @BeforeEach
-    void setUp() throws Exception {
+    void setUp() {
         importFormatPreferences = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        importerPreferences = mock(ImporterPreferences.class);
         FieldContentFormatterPreferences fieldContentFormatterPreferences = mock(FieldContentFormatterPreferences.class);
         when(importFormatPreferences.getFieldContentFormatterPreferences()).thenReturn(fieldContentFormatterPreferences);
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getIdBasedFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromIdBasedFetcher() throws Exception {
-        Set<IdBasedFetcher> idFetchers = WebFetchers.getIdBasedFetchers(importFormatPreferences);
+    void getIdBasedFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromIdBasedFetcher() {
+        Set<IdBasedFetcher> idFetchers = WebFetchers.getIdBasedFetchers(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences);
 
         try (ScanResult scanResult = classGraph.scan()) {
             ClassInfoList controlClasses = scanResult.getClassesImplementing(IdBasedFetcher.class.getCanonicalName());
@@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ void getIdBasedFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromIdBasedFetcher() throws Exce
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getEntryBasedFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromEntryBasedFetcher() throws Exception {
+    void getEntryBasedFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromEntryBasedFetcher() {
         Set<EntryBasedFetcher> idFetchers = WebFetchers.getEntryBasedFetchers(mock(ImporterPreferences.class), importFormatPreferences, mock(FilePreferences.class), mock(BibDatabaseContext.class));
 
         try (ScanResult scanResult = classGraph.scan()) {
@@ -76,8 +78,8 @@ void getEntryBasedFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromEntryBasedFetcher() throw
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSearchBasedFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromSearchBasedFetcher() throws Exception {
-        Set<SearchBasedFetcher> searchBasedFetchers = WebFetchers.getSearchBasedFetchers(importFormatPreferences);
+    void getSearchBasedFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromSearchBasedFetcher() {
+        Set<SearchBasedFetcher> searchBasedFetchers = WebFetchers.getSearchBasedFetchers(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences);
         try (ScanResult scanResult = classGraph.scan()) {
             ClassInfoList controlClasses = scanResult.getClassesImplementing(SearchBasedFetcher.class.getCanonicalName());
             Set<Class<?>> expected = new HashSet<>(controlClasses.loadClasses());
@@ -100,8 +102,8 @@ void getSearchBasedFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromSearchBasedFetcher() thr
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getFullTextFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromFullTextFetcher() throws Exception {
-        Set<FulltextFetcher> fullTextFetchers = WebFetchers.getFullTextFetchers(importFormatPreferences);
+    void getFullTextFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromFullTextFetcher() {
+        Set<FulltextFetcher> fullTextFetchers = WebFetchers.getFullTextFetchers(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences);
 
         try (ScanResult scanResult = classGraph.scan()) {
             ClassInfoList controlClasses = scanResult.getClassesImplementing(FulltextFetcher.class.getCanonicalName());
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@ void getFullTextFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromFullTextFetcher() throws Ex
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getIdFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromIdFetcher() throws Exception {
+    void getIdFetchersReturnsAllFetcherDerivingFromIdFetcher() {
         Set<IdFetcher<?>> idFetchers = WebFetchers.getIdFetchers(importFormatPreferences);
 
         try (ScanResult scanResult = classGraph.scan()) {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/AstrophysicsDataSystemTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/AstrophysicsDataSystemTest.java
index c5cb7814a11..884b048d416 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/AstrophysicsDataSystemTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/AstrophysicsDataSystemTest.java
@@ -3,8 +3,11 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+
 import org.jabref.logic.bibtex.FieldContentFormatterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.PagedSearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
@@ -35,9 +38,11 @@ public class AstrophysicsDataSystemTest implements PagedSearchFetcherTest {
     @BeforeEach
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        ImporterPreferences importerPreferences = mock(ImporterPreferences.class);
+        when(importerPreferences.getApiKeys()).thenReturn(FXCollections.emptyObservableSet());
         when(importFormatPreferences.getFieldContentFormatterPreferences()).thenReturn(
                 mock(FieldContentFormatterPreferences.class));
-        fetcher = new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences);
+        fetcher = new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences);
 
         diezSliceTheoremEntry = new BibEntry();
         diezSliceTheoremEntry.setType(StandardEntryType.Article);
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/CompositeSearchBasedFetcherTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/CompositeSearchBasedFetcherTest.java
index cb9c6aa2a47..8d50ea7192b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/CompositeSearchBasedFetcherTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/CompositeSearchBasedFetcherTest.java
@@ -7,10 +7,13 @@
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+
 import org.jabref.logic.bibtex.FieldContentFormatterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FetcherException;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportCleanup;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.SearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.model.database.BibDatabaseMode;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
@@ -90,6 +93,8 @@ public void performSearchOnNonEmptyQuery(Set<SearchBasedFetcher> fetchers) throw
      */
     static Stream<Arguments> performSearchParameters() {
         ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
+        ImporterPreferences importerPreferences = mock(ImporterPreferences.class);
+        when(importerPreferences.getApiKeys()).thenReturn(FXCollections.emptyObservableSet());
         when(importFormatPreferences.getFieldContentFormatterPreferences())
                 .thenReturn(mock(FieldContentFormatterPreferences.class));
         List<Set<SearchBasedFetcher>> fetcherParameters = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -98,16 +103,16 @@ static Stream<Arguments> performSearchParameters() {
                 new ArXiv(importFormatPreferences),
                 new INSPIREFetcher(importFormatPreferences),
                 new GvkFetcher(),
-                new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences),
+                new AstrophysicsDataSystem(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences),
                 new MathSciNet(importFormatPreferences),
                 new ZbMATH(importFormatPreferences),
                 new GoogleScholar(importFormatPreferences),
                 new DBLPFetcher(importFormatPreferences),
-                new SpringerFetcher(),
+                new SpringerFetcher(importerPreferences),
                 new CrossRef(),
                 new CiteSeer(),
                 new DOAJFetcher(importFormatPreferences),
-                new IEEE(importFormatPreferences));
+                new IEEE(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences));
 
         /* Disabled due to an issue regarding comparison: Title fields of the entries that otherwise are equivalent differ
          * due to different JAXBElements.
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/FulltextFetcherTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/FulltextFetcherTest.java
index 183e011a84b..7ac8d4e0216 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/FulltextFetcherTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/FulltextFetcherTest.java
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.FulltextFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.WebFetchers;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
 
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ class FulltextFetcherTest {
 
     @SuppressWarnings("unused")
     private static Set<FulltextFetcher> fetcherProvider() {
-        return WebFetchers.getFullTextFetchers(mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class));
+        return WebFetchers.getFullTextFetchers(mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class), mock(ImporterPreferences.class));
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/GrobidCitationFetcherTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/GrobidCitationFetcherTest.java
index 16003933fad..fdd76c17152 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/GrobidCitationFetcherTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/GrobidCitationFetcherTest.java
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 public class GrobidCitationFetcherTest {
 
     static ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class, Answers.RETURNS_DEEP_STUBS);
-    static ImporterPreferences importerPreferences = new ImporterPreferences(false, true, false, "http://grobid.jabref.org:8070");
+    static ImporterPreferences importerPreferences = new ImporterPreferences(false, true, false, "http://grobid.jabref.org:8070", Collections.emptySet());
     static GrobidCitationFetcher grobidCitationFetcher = new GrobidCitationFetcher(importerPreferences, importFormatPreferences);
 
     static String example1 = "Derwing, T. M., Rossiter, M. J., & Munro, M. J. (2002). Teaching native speakers to listen to foreign-accented speech. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 23(4), 245-259.";
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/IEEETest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/IEEETest.java
index 7eab1cf0fb1..a6921608ce4 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/IEEETest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/IEEETest.java
@@ -5,7 +5,10 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImportFormatPreferences;
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.PagedSearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.SearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
@@ -47,7 +50,9 @@ class IEEETest implements SearchBasedFetcherCapabilityTest, PagedSearchFetcherTe
     void setUp() {
         ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences = mock(ImportFormatPreferences.class);
         when(importFormatPreferences.getKeywordSeparator()).thenReturn(',');
-        fetcher = new IEEE(importFormatPreferences);
+        ImporterPreferences importerPreferences = mock(ImporterPreferences.class);
+        when(importerPreferences.getApiKeys()).thenReturn(FXCollections.emptyObservableSet());
+        fetcher = new IEEE(importFormatPreferences, importerPreferences);
         entry = new BibEntry();
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/ScienceDirectTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/ScienceDirectTest.java
index 7c955863f24..1348ef88a6a 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/ScienceDirectTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/ScienceDirectTest.java
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
 import org.jabref.support.DisabledOnCIServer;
@@ -13,16 +16,20 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 @FetcherTest
 class ScienceDirectTest {
 
+    private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences = mock(ImporterPreferences.class);
     private ScienceDirect finder;
     private BibEntry entry;
 
     @BeforeEach
     void setUp() {
-        finder = new ScienceDirect();
+        when(importerPreferences.getApiKeys()).thenReturn(FXCollections.emptyObservableSet());
+        finder = new ScienceDirect(importerPreferences);
         entry = new BibEntry();
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerFetcherTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerFetcherTest.java
index 12f74732d30..19314268cd8 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerFetcherTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerFetcherTest.java
@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
-import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.PagedSearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.logic.importer.SearchBasedFetcher;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
@@ -20,15 +22,19 @@
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 @FetcherTest
 class SpringerFetcherTest implements SearchBasedFetcherCapabilityTest, PagedSearchFetcherTest {
 
+    ImporterPreferences importerPreferences = mock(ImporterPreferences.class);
     SpringerFetcher fetcher;
 
     @BeforeEach
     void setUp() {
-        fetcher = new SpringerFetcher();
+        when(importerPreferences.getApiKeys()).thenReturn(FXCollections.emptyObservableSet());
+        fetcher = new SpringerFetcher(importerPreferences);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -129,13 +135,13 @@ void searchByEmptyQueryFindsNothing() throws Exception {
     @Test
     @Disabled("Year search is currently broken, because the API returns mutliple years.")
     @Override
-    public void supportsYearSearch() throws Exception {
+    public void supportsYearSearch() {
     }
 
     @Test
     @Disabled("Year range search is not natively supported by the API, but can be emulated by multiple single year searches.")
     @Override
-    public void supportsYearRangeSearch() throws Exception {
+    public void supportsYearRangeSearch() {
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -170,8 +176,10 @@ public void supportsBooleanANDSearch() throws Exception {
 
         Assertions.assertTrue(resultJustByAuthor.containsAll(result));
         List<BibEntry> allEntriesFromCSCW = result.stream()
-                                                  .filter(bibEntry -> bibEntry.getField(StandardField.JOURNAL).orElse("").equals("Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)"))
-                                                  .collect(Collectors.toList());
+                                                  .filter(bibEntry -> bibEntry.getField(StandardField.JOURNAL)
+                                                                              .orElse("")
+                                                                              .equals("Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)"))
+                                                  .toList();
         allEntriesFromCSCW.stream()
                           .map(bibEntry -> bibEntry.getField(StandardField.AUTHOR))
                           .filter(Optional::isPresent)
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerLinkTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerLinkTest.java
index 1a84ae82cfa..67663cc27e6 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerLinkTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/fetcher/SpringerLinkTest.java
@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
+import javafx.collections.FXCollections;
+
+import org.jabref.logic.importer.ImporterPreferences;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.BibEntry;
 import org.jabref.model.entry.field.StandardField;
 import org.jabref.support.DisabledOnCIServer;
@@ -14,16 +17,20 @@
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 @FetcherTest
 public class SpringerLinkTest {
 
+    private final ImporterPreferences importerPreferences = mock(ImporterPreferences.class);
     private SpringerLink finder;
     private BibEntry entry;
 
     @BeforeEach
     public void setUp() {
-        finder = new SpringerLink();
+        when(importerPreferences.getApiKeys()).thenReturn(FXCollections.emptyObservableSet());
+        finder = new SpringerLink(importerPreferences);
         entry = new BibEntry();
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/util/GrobidServiceTest.java b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/util/GrobidServiceTest.java
index 28a66ebceac..f1054257e04 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/util/GrobidServiceTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/jabref/logic/importer/util/GrobidServiceTest.java
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.URISyntaxException;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
@@ -30,7 +31,12 @@
 public class GrobidServiceTest {
 
     private static GrobidService grobidService;
-    private static ImporterPreferences importerPreferences = new ImporterPreferences(false, true, false, "http://grobid.jabref.org:8070");
+    private static ImporterPreferences importerPreferences = new ImporterPreferences(
+            false,
+            true,
+            false,
+            "http://grobid.jabref.org:8070",
+            Collections.emptySet());
     private static ImportFormatPreferences importFormatPreferences;
 
     @BeforeAll
@@ -70,12 +76,20 @@ public void processEmptyStringTest() throws IOException, ParseException {
 
     @Test
     public void processInvalidCitationTest() {
-        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> grobidService.processCitation("iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii", importFormatPreferences, GrobidService.ConsolidateCitations.WITH_METADATA));
+        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> grobidService.processCitation(
+                "iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii",
+                importFormatPreferences,
+                GrobidService.ConsolidateCitations.WITH_METADATA));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void failsWhenGrobidDisabled() {
-        ImporterPreferences importSettingsWithGrobidDisabled = new ImporterPreferences(false, false, false, "http://grobid.jabref.org:8070");
+        ImporterPreferences importSettingsWithGrobidDisabled = new ImporterPreferences(
+                false,
+                false,
+                false,
+                "http://grobid.jabref.org:8070",
+                Collections.emptySet());
         assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> new GrobidService(importSettingsWithGrobidDisabled));
     }