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ed_params.f90
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ed_params.f90
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!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
! This is the main loader of ecosystem parameters. Since some compilers do not under- !
! stand the assignment in the modules when the variable is not a constant (parameter), !
! this is the safest way to guarantee it will read something (not to mention that makes !
! compilation much faster when you want to test the sensitivity of one number). !
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
subroutine load_ed_ecosystem_params()
use ed_max_dims , only : n_pft ! ! intent(in)
use pft_coms , only : include_these_pft & ! intent(in)
, pasture_stock & ! intent(in)
, agri_stock & ! intent(in)
, plantation_stock & ! intent(in)
, pft_name16 & ! intent(out)
, is_tropical & ! intent(out)
, is_savannah & ! intent(out)
, is_conifer & ! intent(out)
, is_grass & ! intent(out)
, is_liana & ! intent(out)
, include_pft & ! intent(out)
, include_pft_pt & ! intent(out)
, include_pft_ag & ! intent(out)
, include_pft_fp ! ! intent(out)
use disturb_coms, only : ianth_disturb ! ! intent(in)
implicit none
!----- Arguments -----------------------------------------------------------------------!
integer :: p
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! PFT | Name | Grass | Liana | Tropical | Savannah | Conifer !
!-----+---------------------------------+-------+-------+----------+----------+---------!
! 1 | C4 grass | yes | no | yes | no | no !
! 2 | Early tropical | no | no | yes | no | no !
! 3 | Mid tropical | no | no | yes | no | no !
! 4 | Late tropical | no | no | yes | no | no !
! 5 | Temperate C3 grass | yes | no | no | no | no !
! 6 | Northern pines | no | no | no | no | yes !
! 7 | Southern pines | no | no | no | no | yes !
! 8 | Late conifers | no | no | no | no | yes !
! 9 | Early hardwood | no | no | no | no | no !
! 10 | Mid hardwood | no | no | no | no | no !
! 11 | Late hardwood | no | no | no | no | no !
! 12 | Early savannah | no | no | yes | no | no !
! 13 | Mid savannah | no | no | yes | no | no !
! 14 | Late savannah | no | no | yes | no | no !
! 15 | Araucaria | no | no | yes | no | yes !
! 16 | Tropical C3 grass | yes | no | yes | no | no !
! 17 | Liana | no | yes | yes | no | yes !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Name the PFTs (no spaces, please). ----------------------------------------------!
pft_name16( 1) = 'C4_grass '
pft_name16( 2) = 'Early_tropical '
pft_name16( 3) = 'Mid_tropical '
pft_name16( 4) = 'Late_tropical '
pft_name16( 5) = 'C3_grass '
pft_name16( 6) = 'North_pine '
pft_name16( 7) = 'South_pine '
pft_name16( 8) = 'Late_conifer '
pft_name16( 9) = 'Early_hardwood '
pft_name16(10) = 'Mid_hardwood '
pft_name16(11) = 'Late_hardwood '
pft_name16(12) = 'Early_savannah '
pft_name16(13) = 'Mid_savannah '
pft_name16(14) = 'Late_savannah '
pft_name16(15) = 'Araucaria '
pft_name16(16) = 'Subtrop_C3_grass'
pft_name16(17) = 'Liana '
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! This flag should be used to define whether the plant is tropical/subtropical or !
! not. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
is_tropical(1:4) = .true.
is_tropical(5:11) = .false.
is_tropical(12:14) = .true.
is_tropical(15) = .true.
is_tropical(16) = .true.
is_tropical(17) = .true.
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! This flag should be used to define whether the plant is a savannah tree or not. !
! Currently this is used only to define fire adaptation, i.e. bark thickness !
! parameters. Grasses are not set as savannah because they have no bark !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
is_savannah(1:11) = .false.
is_savannah(12:14) = .true.
is_savannah(15:17) = .false.
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! This flag is used to define whether the plant is a liana or not !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
is_liana(1:16) = .false.
is_liana(17) = .true.
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! This flag should be used to define whether the plant is conifer or flowering. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
is_conifer(1:5) = .false.
is_conifer(6:8) = .true.
is_conifer(9:14) = .false.
is_conifer(15) = .true.
is_conifer(16:17) = .false.
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! This flag should be used to define whether the plant is tree or grass. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
is_grass(1) = .true.
is_grass(2:4) = .false.
is_grass(5) = .true.
is_grass(6:15) = .false.
is_grass(16) = .true.
is_grass(17) = .false.
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Include_pft: flag specifying to whether you want to include a plant functional !
! type (T) or whether you want it excluded (F) from the simulation. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
include_pft = .false.
do p=1,n_pft
if (include_these_pft(p) > 0 .and. include_these_pft(p) <= n_pft) then
include_pft(include_these_pft(p)) = .true.
end if
end do
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Only the PFTs listed in pasture_stock are allowed in pasture patches. For the !
! time being this means a single PFT, but it could change in the future. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
include_pft_pt = .false.
include_pft_pt(pasture_stock) = is_grass(pasture_stock) .and. include_pft(pasture_stock)
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Only the PFTs listed in agri_stock are allowed in agriculture patches. For the !
! time being this means a single PFT, but it could change in the future. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
include_pft_ag = .false.
include_pft_ag(agri_stock) = is_grass(agri_stock) .and. include_pft(agri_stock)
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Only the PFTs listed in plantation_stock are allowed in agriculture patches. For !
! the time being this means a single PFT, but it could change in the future. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
include_pft_fp = .false.
include_pft_fp(plantation_stock) = ( .not. is_grass(plantation_stock) ) .and. &
include_pft(plantation_stock)
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Warn the user in case the PFT choice for pasture, agriculture or forest !
! plantation was inconsistent. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
if (count(include_pft_pt) == 0 .and. ianth_disturb /= 0) then
call warning ('PFT defined in pasture_stock is not included in include_these_pft,'// &
' your cattle will starve and your ranch will not be profitable...' &
,'load_ecosystem_params','ed_params.f90')
end if
if (count(include_pft_ag) == 0 .and. ianth_disturb /= 0) then
call warning ('PFT defined in agri_stock is not included in include_these_pft,'// &
' your croplands will be barren and not very profitable...' &
,'load_ecosystem_params','ed_params.f90')
end if
if (count(include_pft_fp) == 0 .and. ianth_disturb /= 0) then
call warning ('PFT defined in plantation_stock is not listed in include_these_pft,'//&
' your forest plantation will be barren and not very profitable ...' &
,'load_ecosystem_params','ed_params.f90')
end if
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Load several parameters ---------------------------------------------------------!
call init_decomp_params()
call init_ff_coms()
call init_disturb_params()
call init_physiology_params()
call init_met_params()
call init_lapse_params()
call init_hydro_coms()
call init_soil_coms()
call init_phen_coms()
call init_ed_misc_coms()
call init_hrzshade_params()
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Assign many PFT-dependent parameters. Here the order may matter, so think twice !
! before changing the order. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Allometry and some plant traits. ------------------------------------------------!
call init_pft_alloc_params()
!----- Photosynthesis and leaf respiration. --------------------------------------------!
call init_pft_photo_params()
!----- Root and heterotrophic respiration. ---------------------------------------------!
call init_pft_resp_params()
!----- Mortality. ----------------------------------------------------------------------!
call init_pft_mort_params()
!----- Nitrogen. -----------------------------------------------------------------------!
call init_pft_nitro_params()
!----- Hydraulics ----------------------------------------------------------------------!
call init_pft_hydro_params()
!----- Specific heat -------------------------------------------------------------------!
call init_pft_spheat_params()
!----- Phenology leaf properties. ------------------------------------------------------!
call init_pft_phen_params()
!----- Reproduction. -------------------------------------------------------------------!
call init_pft_repro_params()
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Assign canopy properties. This must be done after defining the PFT stuff. !
! Again, check the routines and think twice before changing the order. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Canopy turbulence and aerodynamic resistance. -----------------------------------!
call init_can_air_params()
!----- Canopy radiation properties. ----------------------------------------------------!
call init_can_rad_params()
!----- Canopy splitting into height layers. --------------------------------------------!
call init_can_lyr_params()
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! This should be always the last one, since it depends on variables assigned in the !
! previous init_????_params. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
call init_dt_thermo_params()
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
return
end subroutine load_ed_ecosystem_params
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
! This subroutine initialises parameters associated with necromass and soil C (and !
! soil N) dynamics. !
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
subroutine init_decomp_params()
use soil_coms , only : slz ! ! intent(in)
use grid_coms , only : nzg ! ! intent(in)
use consts_coms , only : yr_day & ! intent(in)
, t00 ! ! intent(in)
use decomp_coms , only : decomp_scheme & ! intent(in)
, resp_opt_water & ! intent(out)
, resp_water_below_opt & ! intent(out)
, resp_water_above_opt & ! intent(out)
, resp_temperature_increase & ! intent(out)
, N_immobil_supply_scale & ! intent(out)
, e_lignin & ! intent(out)
, r_fsc & ! intent(out)
, r_stsc_l & ! intent(out)
, r_stsc_o & ! intent(out)
, r_msc_int & ! intent(out)
, r_msc_slp & ! intent(out)
, r_ssc & ! intent(out)
, r_psc & ! intent(out)
, decay_rate_stsc & ! intent(out)
, decay_rate_fsc & ! intent(out)
, decay_rate_msc & ! intent(out)
, decay_rate_ssc & ! intent(out)
, decay_rate_psc & ! intent(out)
, fx_msc_psc_int & ! intent(out)
, fx_msc_psc_slp & ! intent(out)
, fx_ssc_psc_int & ! intent(out)
, fx_ssc_psc_slp & ! intent(out)
, rh_lloyd_1 & ! intent(out)
, rh_lloyd_2 & ! intent(out)
, rh_lloyd_3 & ! intent(out)
, rh_decay_low & ! intent(out)
, rh_decay_high & ! intent(out)
, rh_low_temp & ! intent(out)
, rh_high_temp & ! intent(out)
, rh_decay_dry & ! intent(out)
, rh_decay_wet & ! intent(out)
, rh_dry_smoist & ! intent(out)
, rh_wet_smoist & ! intent(out)
, rh_active_depth & ! intent(out)
, rh_moyano12_a0 & ! intent(out)
, rh_moyano12_a1 & ! intent(out)
, rh_moyano12_a2 & ! intent(out)
, rh0 & ! intent(out)
, rh_q10 & ! intent(out)
, rh_p_smoist & ! intent(out)
, rh_p_oxygen & ! intent(out)
, agf_fsc & ! intent(out)
, agf_stsc & ! intent(out)
, f0_msc & ! intent(out)
, f0_psc & ! intent(out)
, nbg_nlim_fsc & ! intent(out)
, nbg_nlim_stsc & ! intent(out)
, nbg_nlim_ssc ! ! intent(out)
implicit none
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
resp_opt_water = 0.8938
resp_water_below_opt = 5.0786
resp_water_above_opt = 4.5139
resp_temperature_increase = 0.0757
N_immobil_supply_scale = 40.0 / yr_day
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! CENTURY parameter that controls the effect of lignin on structural decomposition. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
e_lignin = 3.0
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Fraction of decay that is lost as CO2. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
select case (decomp_scheme)
case (5)
r_fsc = 0.55
r_stsc_l = 0.20
r_stsc_o = 0.50
r_msc_int = 0.60
r_msc_slp = 0.17
r_ssc = 0.55
r_psc = 0.55
case default
r_fsc = 1.0
r_stsc_l = 0.3
r_stsc_o = 0.3
r_msc_int = 0.0
r_msc_slp = 0.0
r_ssc = 1.0
r_psc = 1.0
end select
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Decay rates for necromass and soil carbon pools. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
select case (decomp_scheme)
case (0,1)
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! MLO. After talking to Paul, it seems the decay rate for the slow carbon pool is !
! artificially high for when nitrogen limitation is turned on. If it is !
! turned off, however, then the slow carbon will disappear very quickly. I !
! don't want to mess other people's results, so I will change the rate only !
! when DECOMP_SCHEME is 2 (see below). I think this should be applied to all !
! schemes, but I will let the users of these schemes to decide. !
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
decay_rate_fsc = 11.0 / yr_day ! former K2
decay_rate_stsc = 4.5 / yr_day ! former K1
decay_rate_msc = 0.0 / yr_day ! Inexistent. Microbes are not solved here.
decay_rate_ssc = 100.2 / yr_day ! former K3
decay_rate_psc = 0.0 / yr_day ! Inexistent. Passive is not solved here.
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
case (2)
!----- Update rate for slow (so slow is slower than fast...). -----------------------!
decay_rate_fsc = 11.0 / yr_day ! former K2
decay_rate_stsc = 4.5 / yr_day ! former K1
decay_rate_msc = 0.0 / yr_day ! Inexistent. Microbes are not solved here.
decay_rate_ssc = 0.2 / yr_day ! former K3
decay_rate_psc = 0.0 / yr_day ! Inexistent. Passive is not solved here.
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
case (5)
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! CENTURY model, closer to the implementation by B98. Note that the original ED2 !
! has fewer carbon pools, and the names do not exactly match B98 to be consistent !
! with the original ED-2.0 implementation. The table below has the current !
! translation. !
! !
! |----------------------+---------------------------+--------------------| !
! | B98 | DECOMP_SCHEME = 0 | DECOMP_SCHEME = 5 | !
! |----------------------+---------------------------+--------------------| !
! | Metabolic Litter | Fast | Fast | !
! | Structural Litter | Structural | Structural | !
! | Microbes (fast SOM) | ------ (lumped with Fast) | Microbial | !
! | Slow SOM | Slow | Slow (Humified) | !
! | Passive SOM | ------ (lumped with Slow) | Passive | !
! |----------------------+---------------------------+--------------------| !
! !
! Note that ED-1.0 did have Passive SOM but it was literally passive (i.e. no flux !
! in or out). Also note that we do not split the microbial (fast SOM) between !
! above- and below-ground, but we do distinguish the metabolic and structural litter !
! because of fires (which only burn the above-ground fraction). The current !
! parameters are similar to CENTURY and are related to the half-life time shown in !
! B98's Fig. 3. Note, however, the typo in their definition in their caption, it !
! should be ln(2), not log2(e). The actual numbers were obtained from M96. Because !
! most studies report soil carbon for the top 30 cm (as opposed to 20cm), we !
! decreased the default decay rates for microbial, humified and passive pools by !
! 15%, following the suggestion by M96, except for the passive pool, because the !
! typical rate seems to be higher than M96 (e.g. see B98's Fig. 3). For the passive !
! pool, we assumed a half-life of about 70 years. !
! !
! References: !
! !
! Bolker BM, Pacala SW, and Parton WJ. 1998. Linear analysis of soil decomposition: !
! insights from the CENTURY model. Ecol. Appl., 8(2):425-439. !
! doi:10.1890/1051- 0761(1998)008[0425:LAOSDI]2.0.CO;2 (B98). !
! !
! Metherell AK, Harding LA, Cole CV, Parton WJ. 1996. CENTURY Soil Organic Matter !
! model environment. Agroecosystem Version 4.0. Great Plains System Research !
! Unit. Techinical Report No 4. USDA-ARS, Fort Collins CO. !
! https://www2.nrel.colostate.edu/projects/century/MANUAL/html_manual/man96.html. !
! Accessed on 9 Aug 2018 (M96). !
! !
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
decay_rate_fsc = 12.0 / yr_day ! 16.7 / yr_day
decay_rate_stsc = 1.5 / yr_day
decay_rate_msc = 6.0 / yr_day
decay_rate_ssc = 0.15 / yr_day
decay_rate_psc = 0.012 / yr_day
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
end select
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! When soil decays, a fraction is lost as CO2 (heterotrophic respiration). The !
! remaining decayed carbon is partitioned between pools. Parameters define the !
! fraction that goes to passive carbon. Other fractions are internally defined to !
! ensure that all fluxes are conserved. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
fx_msc_psc_int = 0.003
fx_msc_psc_slp = 0.032
fx_ssc_psc_int = 0.003
fx_ssc_psc_slp = 0.009
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Parameters used for the Lloyd and Taylor (1994) temperature dependence. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
rh_lloyd_1 = 308.56
rh_lloyd_2 = 1./56.02
rh_lloyd_3 = 227.15
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! The following variables are used when DECOMP_SCHEME is 3 or 4. (based on M12). !
! !
! Moyano FE, Vasilyeva N, Bouckaert L, Cook F, Craine J, Curiel Yuste J, Don A, !
! Epron D, Formanek P, Franzluebbers A et al. 2012. The moisture response of soil !
! heterotrophic respiration: interaction with soil properties. Biogeosciences, 9: !
! 1173-1182. doi:10.5194/bg-9-1173-2012 (M12). !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
rh_moyano12_a0 = -0.3195897
rh_moyano12_a1 = 4.0893
rh_moyano12_a2 = -3.1681
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Parameters used for the ED-1.0/CENTURY based functions of temperature and soil !
! moisture (DECOMP_SCHEME =2). !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
rh_decay_low = 0.24
rh_decay_high = 0.60
rh_low_temp = 18.0 + t00
rh_high_temp = 45.0 + t00
rh_decay_dry = 12.0 ! 18.0
rh_decay_wet = 36.0 ! 36.0
rh_dry_smoist = 0.48 ! 0.36
rh_wet_smoist = 0.98 ! 0.96
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Parameters used for the new temperature scaling of , based on CLM (K13), but !
! with a power factor for water limitation, and a simplified approach for anoxic !
! environment (used when DECOMP_SCHEME=5). !
! !
! Koven CD, Riley WJ, Subin ZM, Tang JY, Torn MS, Collins WD, Bonan GB, Lawrence DM, !
! Swenson SC. 2013. The effect of vertically resolved soil biogeochemistry and !
! alternate soil C and N models on C dynamics of CLM4. Biogeosciences, 10: !
! 7109-7131. doi:10.5194/bg-10-7109-2013 (K13). !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
rh0 = 0.700 ! 0.701 ! 0.425
rh_q10 = 1.500 ! 1.500 ! 1.893
rh_p_smoist = 1.600 ! 0.836 ! 0.606
rh_p_oxygen = 0.450 ! 0.404 ! 0.164
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Determine the top layer to consider for heterotrophic respiration. --------------!
select case (decomp_scheme)
case (2)
!---- Use 20cm for back-compatibility with ED-2.2. ----------------------------------!
rh_active_depth = -0.20
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
case (5)
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! To be consistent with most measurements, we set the active soil layer to the !
! top 30 cm. This is somewhat deeper than the implicit depth in the CENTURY model !
! (20 cm), but the decay rates have been adjusted to account for deeper soil. Most !
! data in the tropics are provided for the top 30 cm, hence our choice. !
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
rh_active_depth = -0.30
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
case default
!----- Use the top soil layer (back-compatibility with ED-1). -----------------------!
rh_active_depth = slz(nzg)
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
end select
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! These variables are used for initialisation of above- and below-ground necromass !
! pools. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
agf_fsc = 0.5
agf_stsc = 0.7
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! These variables define the partition of SOM into microbial, passive, and !
! humified. These fractions are used only during initialisation (NBG or PSS/CSS files) !
! and only when DECOMP_SCHEME is 5. In this case, the fraction of soil C that is !
! humified ("slow") will be 1.0 - f_msc - f_psc. The default fractions are based on !
! the CENTURY manual, but can be changed through XML. !
! !
! https://www2.nrel.colostate.edu/projects/century/MANUAL/html_manual/man96.html !
! !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
f0_msc = 0.03
f0_psc = 0.35
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Parameters to initialise soil carbon pools for near bare ground simulations when !
! N limitation is turned on. These used to be hardcoded in ed_nbg_init.f90, and hard- !
! coded parameters are deprecated. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
nbg_nlim_fsc = 0.2
nbg_nlim_stsc = 10.0 ! Isn't this too high for NBG?
nbg_nlim_ssc = 0.01
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
return
end subroutine init_decomp_params
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
! This subroutine assigns the fusion and splitting parameters. !
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
subroutine init_ff_coms
use fusion_fission_coms, only : ifusion & ! intent(in)
, ff_nhgt & ! intent(out)
, niter_patfus & ! intent(out)
, fusetol & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, fusetol_h & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, lai_fuse_tol & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, coh_tolerance_max & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, dark_cumlai_min & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, dark_cumlai_max & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, dark_cumlai_mult & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, sunny_cumlai_min & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, sunny_cumlai_max & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, sunny_cumlai_mult & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, light_toler_min & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, light_toler_max & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, light_toler_mult & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, fuse_relax & ! intent(out), old_fusion
, lai_tol & ! intent(out)
, pat_light_ext & ! intent(out)
, pat_light_tol_min & ! intent(out)
, pat_light_tol_max & ! intent(out)
, pat_light_tol_mult & ! intent(out)
, pat_light_mxd_fac & ! intent(out)
, pat_diff_age_tol & ! intent(out)
, pat_min_area_remain & ! intent(out)
, niter_cohfus & ! intent(out)
, coh_size_tol_min & ! intent(out)
, coh_size_tol_max & ! intent(out)
, coh_size_tol_mult & ! intent(out)
, corr_patch & ! intent(out)
, corr_cohort & ! intent(out)
, print_fuse_details & ! intent(out)
, fuse_prefix & ! intent(out)
, pat_laimax_fine ! ! intent(out)
use consts_coms , only : onethird & ! intent(out)
, twothirds & ! intent(in)
, onesixth ! ! intent(in)
use ed_max_dims , only : n_dist_types ! ! intent(in)
implicit none
!----- Local variables. ----------------------------------------------------------------!
real :: exp_cohfus
real :: exp_patfus
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Parameters that control number of iterations. More iterations mean slower !
! increase in tolerance, which normally allows more fusion to occur at relatively !
! stricter tolerance, although it may increase computational burden. !
! !
! niter_patfus -- number of patch fusion iterations !
! exp_patfus -- exponential factor, used to determine the incremental !
! multiplication factor. !
! niter_cohfus -- number of cohort fusion iterations !
! exp_cohfus -- exponential factor, used to determine the incremental !
! multiplication factor. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
niter_cohfus = 100
exp_cohfus = 1. / (niter_cohfus - 1.0)
niter_patfus = 100
exp_patfus = 1. / (niter_patfus-1.0)
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Old patch fusion variables (slated to be deleted in the near future). !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
dark_cumlai_min = 5.5 ! Minimum cumulative LAI to be ignored (under storey)
dark_cumlai_max = 8.0 ! Maximum cumulative LAI to be ignored (under storey)
sunny_cumlai_min = 0.1 ! Minimum cumulative LAI to be ignored (top canopy)
sunny_cumlai_max = 0.3 ! Maximum cumulative LAI to be ignored (top canopy)
light_toler_min = 0.01 ! Minimum cumulative LAI to be ignored (under storey)
light_toler_max = onethird ! Maximum cumulative LAI to be ignored (under storey)
!----- Multiplication factors. ---------------------------------------------------------!
sunny_cumlai_mult = (sunny_cumlai_max/sunny_cumlai_min)**exp_patfus
dark_cumlai_mult = (dark_cumlai_min /dark_cumlai_max )**exp_patfus
light_toler_mult = (light_toler_max /light_toler_min )**exp_patfus
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Old cohort fusion variables (slated to be deleted in the near future). !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
fusetol = 0.4 ! Cohort fusion tolerance on DBH (dimensionless)
fusetol_h = 0.5 ! Cohort fusion tolerance on height (m) !
lai_fuse_tol = 0.8 ! Cohort fusion tolerance on LAI (m2 leaf/m2 ground)
coh_tolerance_max = 10.0 ! Cohort maximum tolerance factor
fuse_relax = .false. ! Flag to allow a less strict fusion test
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Maximum LAI that a cohort is allowed to have. This cap ensures that self-thin- !
! ning mechanisms work in the model. This parameter is used in fuse_cohorts and !
! split_cohorts. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
lai_tol = 1.0
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Number of height classes (classes will be initialised in !
! init_derived_params_after_xml. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
select case (ifusion)
case (1)
ff_nhgt = 19
case default
ff_nhgt = 8
end select
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Patch fusion layers were relocated to init_derived_params_after_xml, so the !
! default numbers are based on the height of the tallest possible PFT. !
! !
! pat_light_ext -- extinction coefficient for light level. Typically this should !
! be 0.5. !
! pat_light_tol_min -- Minimum tolerance for average profile !
! pat_light_tol_max -- Maximum tolerance for average profile !
! pat_light_tol_mult -- Factor that increments tolerance (derived from previous vari- !
! ables). !
! pat_light_mxd_fac -- Maximum deviation from average tolerance (e.g. 1.25 means that !
! the maximum difference in light levels can be 25% greater than !
! tolerance for average maximum. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
pat_light_ext = 0.5
pat_light_tol_min = twothirds * 0.01
pat_light_tol_max = 0.10
pat_light_tol_mult = (pat_light_tol_max/pat_light_tol_min)**exp_patfus
pat_light_mxd_fac = 1.50
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Cohort fusion variables. !
! !
! coh_size_tol_min -- Minimum tolerance for relative difference in size. !
! coh_size_tol_max -- Maximum tolerance for relative difference in size. !
! coh_size_tol_mult -- Factor that increments tolerance (derived from previous vari- !
! ables). !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
coh_size_tol_min = twothirds * 0.01
coh_size_tol_max = twothirds * 0.10
coh_size_tol_mult = (coh_size_tol_max/coh_size_tol_min)**exp_cohfus
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Maximum age difference allowed for two patches being considered same age [yr]. --!
pat_diff_age_tol = 0.999 / 12.
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Minimum area to remain resolved. This condition is normally met, except when !
! initialising the simulation with massive amount of data (like airborne lidar data). !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
pat_min_area_remain = 0.90
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Coefficient of correlation assumed between two patches and cohorts that are !
! about to be fused. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
corr_patch = 1.0
corr_cohort = 1.0
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- The following flag switches detailed debugging on. ------------------------------!
print_fuse_details = .false.
fuse_prefix = 'patch_fusion_'
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Maximum patch-level LAI to be considered realistic during initialisation. In !
! very few cases, the airborne lidar initialisation algorithm predicts unreasonable !
! total LAI (often in places with barely any return above the minimum height !
! considered). Because airborne lidar has tens of thousands of patches, it is hard to !
! spot individual patches that didn't work, so we terminate these patches. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
pat_laimax_fine = 20.
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
return
end subroutine init_ff_coms
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
subroutine init_disturb_params
use disturb_coms , only : treefall_disturbance_rate & ! intent(in)
, include_fire & ! intent(in)
, treefall_hite_threshold & ! intent(out)
, does_hite_limit_tfpatch & ! intent(out)
, forestry_on & ! intent(out)
, agriculture_on & ! intent(out)
, plantation_year & ! intent(out)
, plantation_rotation & ! intent(out)
, min_harvest_biomass & ! intent(out)
, mature_harvest_age & ! intent(out)
, min_oldgrowth & ! intent(out)
, fire_dryness_threshold & ! intent(out)
, fire_smoist_depth & ! intent(out)
, fuel_height_max & ! intent(out)
, f_combusted_fast_c & ! intent(out)
, f_combusted_struct_c & ! intent(out)
, f_combusted_fast_n & ! intent(out)
, f_combusted_struct_n & ! intent(out)
, k_fire_first & ! intent(out)
, min_plantation_frac & ! intent(out)
, max_plantation_dist ! ! intent(out)
use consts_coms , only : erad & ! intent(in)
, pio180 & ! intent(in)
, tiny_num & ! intent(in)
, huge_num ! ! intent(in)
use soil_coms , only : slz ! ! intent(in)
use grid_coms , only : nzg ! ! intent(in)
implicit none
!----- Only trees above this height create a gap when they fall. -----------------------!
treefall_hite_threshold = 10.0
!----- Flag to decide whether or not to limit disturbance to patches with tall trees. --!
does_hite_limit_tfpatch = .true.
!----- Set to 1 if to do forest harvesting. --------------------------------------------!
forestry_on = 0
!----- Set to 1 if to do agriculture. --------------------------------------------------!
agriculture_on = 0
!----- Earliest year at which plantations occur. ---------------------------------------!
plantation_year = 1960
!----- Number of years that a plantation requires to reach maturity. -------------------!
plantation_rotation = 25.0
!----- Minimum site biomass, below which harvest is skipped. ---------------------------!
min_harvest_biomass = 0.001
!----- Years that a non-plantation patch requires to reach maturity. -------------------!
mature_harvest_age = 50.0
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! If include_fire is 1, then fire may occur if total (ground + underground) water !
! converted to meters falls below this threshold. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
fire_dryness_threshold = 0.2
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Maximum depth that will be considered in the average soil -----------------------!
fire_smoist_depth = -0.50
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Cut-off for fuel counting (used only when include_fire is 3). -------------------!
fuel_height_max = 2.0
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Fraction of biomass and necromass that are combusted and lost to air. -----------!
select case (include_fire)
case (3)
f_combusted_fast_c = 0.8
f_combusted_struct_c = 0.5
f_combusted_fast_n = 0.72
f_combusted_struct_n = 0.45
case default
f_combusted_fast_c = 0.0
f_combusted_struct_c = 0.0
f_combusted_fast_n = 0.0
f_combusted_struct_n = 0.0
end select
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Determine the top layer to consider for fires in case include_fire is 2 or 3. ---!
kfireloop: do k_fire_first=nzg-1,1,-1
if (slz(k_fire_first) < fire_smoist_depth) exit kfireloop
end do kfireloop
k_fire_first = k_fire_first + 1
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Minimum plantation fraction to consider the site a plantation. ------------------!
min_plantation_frac = 0.125
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Maximum distance to the current polygon that we still consider the file grid point !
! to be representative of the polygon. The value below is 1.25 degree at the Equator. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
max_plantation_dist = 1.25 * erad * pio180
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Find the minimum age above which we disregard the disturbance type because the !
! patch can be considered old growth. !
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
!----- Non-cultivated patches: use the mean age for tree fall disturbances. ------------!
if (abs(treefall_disturbance_rate) > tiny_num) then
min_oldgrowth(:) = 1. / abs(treefall_disturbance_rate)
else
min_oldgrowth(:) = huge_num
end if
!----- Cultivated lands should never be considered old-growth. -------------------------!
min_oldgrowth(1) = huge_num
min_oldgrowth(2) = huge_num
min_oldgrowth(8) = huge_num
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
return
end subroutine init_disturb_params
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
!==========================================================================================!
! This subroutine initialises various PFT-independent variables for the leaf physiology !
! model. Some useful references for this sub-routine: !
! !
! - M09 - Medvigy, D.M., S. C. Wofsy, J. W. Munger, D. Y. Hollinger, P. R. Moorcroft, !
! 2009: Mechanistic scaling of ecosystem function and dynamics in space and time: !
! Ecosystem Demography model version 2. J. Geophys. Res., 114, G01002, !
! doi:10.1029/2008JG000812. !
! - M06 - Medvigy, D.M., 2006: The State of the Regional Carbon Cycle: results from a !
! constrained coupled ecosystem-atmosphere model, 2006. Ph.D. dissertation, !
! Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 322pp. !
! - M01 - Moorcroft, P. R., G. C. Hurtt, S. W. Pacala, 2001: A method for scaling !
! vegetation dynamics: the ecosystem demography model, Ecological Monographs, 71, !
! 557-586. !
! - F96 - Foley, J. A., I. Colin Prentice, N. Ramankutty, S. Levis, D. Pollard, S. Sitch, !
! A. Haxeltime, 1996: An integrated biosphere model of land surface processes, !
! terrestrial carbon balance, and vegetation dynamics. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles, !
! 10, 603-602. !
! - L95 - Leuning, R., F. M. Kelliher, D. G. G. de Pury, E. D. Schulze, 1995: Leaf !
! nitrogen, photosynthesis, conductance, and transpiration: scaling from leaves to !
! canopies. Plant, Cell, and Environ., 18, 1183-1200. !
! - F80 - Farquhar, G. D., S. von Caemmerer, J. A. Berry, 1980: A biochemical model of !
! photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species. Planta, 149, 78-90. !
! - C91 - Collatz, G. J., J. T. Ball, C. Grivet, J. A. Berry, 1991: Physiology and !
! environmental regulation of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpir- !
! ation: a model that includes a laminar boundary layer, Agric. and Forest !
! Meteorol., 54, 107-136. !
! - C92 - Collatz, G. J., M. Ribas-Carbo, J. A. Berry, 1992: Coupled photosynthesis- !
! stomatal conductance model for leaves of C4 plants. Aust. J. Plant Physiol., !
! 19, 519-538. !
! - E78 - Ehleringer, J. R., 1978: Implications of quantum yield differences on the !
! distributions of C3 and C4 grasses. Oecologia, 31, 255-267. !
! !
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
subroutine init_physiology_params()
use detailed_coms , only : idetailed ! ! intent(in)
use ed_misc_coms, only : ffilout ! ! intent(in)
use physiology_coms, only : iphysiol & ! intent(in)
, klowco2in & ! intent(in)
, c34smin_lint_co2 & ! intent(out)
, c34smax_lint_co2 & ! intent(out)
, c34smax_gsw & ! intent(out)
, gbh_2_gbw & ! intent(out)
, gbw_2_gbc & ! intent(out)
, gsw_2_gsc & ! intent(out)
, gsc_2_gsw & ! intent(out)
, kookc & ! intent(out)
, tphysref & ! intent(out)
, tphysrefi & ! intent(out)
, fcoll & ! intent(out)
, compp_refval & ! intent(out)
, compp_hor & ! intent(out)