diff --git a/tests/run-make/rust-lld-link-script-provide/main.rs b/tests/run-make/rust-lld-link-script-provide/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..5c19e7a4bbf6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/run-make/rust-lld-link-script-provide/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#[no_mangle]
+fn foo() {}
+
+#[no_mangle]
+fn bar() {}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/tests/run-make/rust-lld-link-script-provide/rmake.rs b/tests/run-make/rust-lld-link-script-provide/rmake.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..e78a411bc15f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/run-make/rust-lld-link-script-provide/rmake.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// This test ensures that the “symbol not found” error does not occur
+// when the symbols in the `PROVIDE` of the link script can be eliminated.
+// This is a regression test for #131164.
+
+//@ needs-rust-lld
+//@ only-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+
+use run_make_support::rustc;
+
+fn main() {
+    rustc()
+        .input("main.rs")
+        .arg("-Zlinker-features=+lld")
+        .arg("-Clink-self-contained=+linker")
+        .arg("-Zunstable-options")
+        .link_arg("-Tscript.t")
+        .run();
+}
diff --git a/tests/run-make/rust-lld-link-script-provide/script.t b/tests/run-make/rust-lld-link-script-provide/script.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..4c4c6ddfc36b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/run-make/rust-lld-link-script-provide/script.t
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+PROVIDE(foo = bar);