diff --git a/.rubocop.yml b/.rubocop.yml
index 7935d9186..5f80c35e6 100644
--- a/.rubocop.yml
+++ b/.rubocop.yml
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-require: rubocop-rails
+require:
+  - rubocop-rails
+  - rubocop-capybara
+  - rubocop-factory_bot
+  - rubocop-graphql
 AllCops:
   NewCops: enable
   Exclude:
@@ -47,6 +51,10 @@ Metrics/PerceivedComplexity:
   Max: 13
 Naming/PredicateName:
   Enabled: false
+Naming/BlockForwarding:
+  EnforcedStyle: explicit
+Style/ArgumentsForwarding:
+  UseAnonymousForwarding: false
 Metrics/ModuleLength:
   Exclude:
     - app/helpers/**/*
@@ -63,4 +71,4 @@ Style/WordArray:
 Rails/EagerEvaluationLogMessage:
   Enabled: false
 Rails/I18nLocaleTexts:
-  Enabled: false
\ No newline at end of file
+  Enabled: false
diff --git a/Gemfile b/Gemfile
index 8b2997f63..d0a31bbfb 100644
--- a/Gemfile
+++ b/Gemfile
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@ group :development do
   gem 'better_errors'
 
   gem 'binding_of_caller'
+  gem 'rubocop-capybara'
+  gem 'rubocop-factory_bot'
+  gem 'rubocop-graphql'
   gem 'rubocop-rails'
   gem 'spring', '4.0.0'
   # Access an interactive console on exception pages or by calling 'console' anywhere in the code.
diff --git a/Gemfile.lock b/Gemfile.lock
index db22b2bb6..bfd2f29ca 100644
--- a/Gemfile.lock
+++ b/Gemfile.lock
@@ -318,6 +318,12 @@ GEM
       unicode-display_width (>= 2.4.0, < 3.0)
     rubocop-ast (1.32.3)
       parser (>= 3.3.1.0)
+    rubocop-capybara (2.21.0)
+      rubocop (~> 1.41)
+    rubocop-factory_bot (2.26.1)
+      rubocop (~> 1.61)
+    rubocop-graphql (1.5.4)
+      rubocop (>= 1.50, < 2)
     rubocop-rails (2.26.1)
       activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
       rack (>= 1.1)
@@ -411,6 +417,9 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   puma (~> 6.4)
   rails (~> 6.1)
   react-rails
+  rubocop-capybara
+  rubocop-factory_bot
+  rubocop-graphql
   rubocop-rails
   rubyzip
   selenium-webdriver
diff --git a/app/channels/graphql_channel.rb b/app/channels/graphql_channel.rb
index 6ec43dd2e..7f81ccc53 100644
--- a/app/channels/graphql_channel.rb
+++ b/app/channels/graphql_channel.rb
@@ -14,16 +14,16 @@ def execute(data)
       access_cache: {},
       # Re-implement whatever context methods you need
       # in this channel or ApplicationCable::Channel
-      current_user: current_user,
+      current_user:,
       # Make sure the channel is in the context
       channel: self,
     }
 
     result = HourglassSchema.execute(
       query,
-      context: context,
-      variables: variables,
-      operation_name: operation_name,
+      context:,
+      variables:,
+      operation_name:,
     )
 
     payload = {
diff --git a/app/controllers/api/student/exams_controller.rb b/app/controllers/api/student/exams_controller.rb
index dc58139e9..7fb5d9713 100644
--- a/app/controllers/api/student/exams_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/api/student/exams_controller.rb
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ def require_current_user_unique_session
           user_id: e.user.id,
           exam_id: params[:exam_id],
         )
-        Anomaly.create(registration: registration, reason: e.message) if registration
+        Anomaly.create(registration:, reason: e.message) if registration
         render json: { lockout: true, reason: e.message }
       end
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ def start_exam!
             start: @registration.start_time,
             stop: @registration.effective_end_time,
           },
-          answers: answers,
+          answers:,
         }
       end
 
diff --git a/app/controllers/graphql_controller.rb b/app/controllers/graphql_controller.rb
index e29aadf6d..7a62e014d 100644
--- a/app/controllers/graphql_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/graphql_controller.rb
@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ def execute
     query = params[:query]
     operation_name = params[:operationName]
     context = {
-      current_user: current_user,
-      true_user: true_user,
+      current_user:,
+      true_user:,
       impersonate_user: ->(user) { impersonate_user(user) },
       stop_impersonating_user: -> { stop_impersonating_user },
-      bottlenose_api: bottlenose_api,
+      bottlenose_api:,
       access_cache: {},
     }
-    result = HourglassSchema.execute(query, variables: variables, context: context, operation_name: operation_name)
+    result = HourglassSchema.execute(query, variables:, context:, operation_name:)
     render json: result
   end
 
diff --git a/app/models/anomaly.rb b/app/models/anomaly.rb
index 041c10184..c522970e4 100644
--- a/app/models/anomaly.rb
+++ b/app/models/anomaly.rb
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def exam_version
 
   def trigger_subscription
     exam_id = HourglassSchema.id_from_object(exam, Types::ExamType, {})
-    HourglassSchema.subscriptions.trigger(:anomaly_was_created, { exam_id: exam_id }, self)
+    HourglassSchema.subscriptions.trigger(:anomaly_was_created, { exam_id: }, self)
   end
 
   def visible_to?(check_user, role_for_exam, _role_for_course)
diff --git a/app/models/body_item.rb b/app/models/body_item.rb
index f21ab3826..fda0b620f 100644
--- a/app/models/body_item.rb
+++ b/app/models/body_item.rb
@@ -52,9 +52,9 @@ def valid_file_refs_code_tag
   before_save do
     if rubrics.empty?
       rubrics.build(
-        exam_version: exam_version,
-        question: question,
-        part: part,
+        exam_version:,
+        question:,
+        part:,
         body_item: self,
         type: 'None',
       )
@@ -83,12 +83,12 @@ def as_json(format:)
     else
       if format == :graphql
         return {
-          info: info,
+          info:,
           id: HourglassSchema.id_from_object(self, Types::BodyItemType, {}),
         }
       end
 
-      send("as_json_#{info['type']}", format: format)
+      send("as_json_#{info['type']}", format:)
     end
   end
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ def rubric_as_json(format:)
     if root_rubric.nil? || root_rubric.is_a?(None)
       nil
     else
-      root_rubric.as_json(format: format).deep_stringify_keys
+      root_rubric.as_json(format:).deep_stringify_keys
     end
   end
 
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ def as_json_AllThatApply(format:)
         'options' => info['options'].zip(answer).map do |opt, ans|
           { BodyItem.html_val(format, opt) => ans }
         end,
-        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format: format),
+        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format:),
       }.compact,
     }
   end
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ def as_json_Code(format:)
           else
             MarksProcessor.process_marks_reverse(answer['text'], answer['marks'])
           end,
-        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format: format),
+        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format:),
       }.compact,
     }
   end
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ def as_json_CodeTag(format:)
           'filename' => answer['selectedFile'],
           'line' => answer['lineNumber'],
         },
-        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format: format),
+        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format:),
       }.compact,
     }
   end
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ def as_json_Matching(format:)
         'prompts' => BodyItem.html_vals(format, info['prompts']),
         'values' => BodyItem.html_vals(format, info['values']),
         'correctAnswers' => answer,
-        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format: format),
+        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format:),
       }.compact,
     }
   end
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ def as_json_MultipleChoice(format:)
         'prompt' => BodyItem.html_val(format, info['prompt']),
         'options' => BodyItem.html_vals(format, info['options']),
         'correctAnswer' => answer,
-        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format: format),
+        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format:),
       }.compact,
     }
   end
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ def as_json_Text(format:)
           else
             BodyItem.html_val(format, answer&.dig('text'))
           end,
-        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format: format),
+        'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format:),
       }.compact,
     }
   end
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ def as_json_YesNo(format:)
           'YesNo' => {
             'prompt' => BodyItem.html_val(format, info['prompt']),
             'correctAnswer' => answer,
-            'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format: format),
+            'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format:),
           }.compact,
         }
       end
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ def as_json_YesNo(format:)
           'TrueFalse' => {
             'prompt' => BodyItem.html_val(format, info['prompt']),
             'correctAnswer' => answer,
-            'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format: format),
+            'rubric' => rubric_as_json(format:),
           }.compact,
         }
       end
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ def html_vals(format, val)
     def from_yaml_AllThatApply(type, options:, prompt: nil)
       BodyItem.new(
         info: {
-          type: type,
+          type:,
           prompt: html_val(:graphql, prompt),
           options: html_vals(:graphql, options.map(&:keys).flatten),
         }.compact,
@@ -311,12 +311,12 @@ def from_yaml_Code(type, initial: nil, prompt: nil, lang: nil, correct_answer: n
       end
       BodyItem.new(
         info: {
-          type: type,
+          type:,
           prompt: html_val(:graphql, prompt),
-          lang: lang,
-          initial: initial,
+          lang:,
+          initial:,
         }.compact,
-        answer: answer,
+        answer:,
       )
     end
 
@@ -334,9 +334,9 @@ def from_yaml_CodeSnippet(type, initial: nil, lang: nil)
       end
       BodyItem.new(
         info: {
-          type: type,
-          lang: lang,
-          initial: initial,
+          type:,
+          lang:,
+          initial:,
         }.compact,
       )
     end
@@ -344,8 +344,8 @@ def from_yaml_CodeSnippet(type, initial: nil, lang: nil)
     def from_yaml_CodeTag(type, choices:, correct_answer:, prompt: nil)
       BodyItem.new(
         info: {
-          type: type,
-          choices: choices,
+          type:,
+          choices:,
           prompt: html_val(:graphql, prompt),
         }.compact,
         answer: {
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def from_yaml_Matching(
     )
       BodyItem.new(
         info: {
-          type: type,
+          type:,
           prompt: html_val(:graphql, prompt),
           promptsLabel: html_val(:graphql, prompts_label),
           valuesLabel: html_val(:graphql, values_label),
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ def from_yaml_Matching(
     def from_yaml_MultipleChoice(type, options:, correct_answer:, prompt: nil)
       BodyItem.new(
         info: {
-          type: type,
+          type:,
           prompt: html_val(:graphql, prompt),
           options: html_vals(:graphql, options),
         }.compact,
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ def from_yaml_MultipleChoice(type, options:, correct_answer:, prompt: nil)
     def from_yaml_Text(type, entire_value: nil, prompt: nil, correct_answer: nil)
       BodyItem.new(
         info: {
-          type: type,
+          type:,
           prompt: html_val(:graphql, prompt || entire_value.to_s),
         }.compact,
         answer: correct_answer,
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ def from_yaml_TrueFalse(_type, entire_value: nil, prompt: nil, correct_answer: n
           noLabel: 'False',
           prompt: html_val(:graphql, prompt.to_s),
         }.compact,
-        answer: answer,
+        answer:,
       )
     end
 
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ def from_yaml_YesNo(_type, entire_value: nil, prompt: nil, correct_answer: nil)
           noLabel: 'No',
           prompt: html_val(:graphql, prompt.to_s),
         }.compact,
-        answer: answer,
+        answer:,
       )
     end
     # rubocop:enable Naming/MethodName
diff --git a/app/models/course.rb b/app/models/course.rb
index af6a35936..ed98c139b 100644
--- a/app/models/course.rb
+++ b/app/models/course.rb
@@ -25,15 +25,15 @@ class Course < ApplicationRecord
   validates :bottlenose_id, presence: true
 
   def user_is_student?(user)
-    student_registrations.exists?(user: user)
+    student_registrations.exists?(user:)
   end
 
   def user_is_staff?(user)
-    staff_registrations.exists?(user: user)
+    staff_registrations.exists?(user:)
   end
 
   def user_is_professor?(user)
-    professor_course_registrations.exists?(user: user)
+    professor_course_registrations.exists?(user:)
   end
 
   def all_staff
diff --git a/app/models/exam.rb b/app/models/exam.rb
index 2868aeb6f..cef975eae 100644
--- a/app/models/exam.rb
+++ b/app/models/exam.rb
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ def proctors_and_professors
   end
 
   def user_is_proctor?(user)
-    proctor_registrations.exists?(user: user)
+    proctor_registrations.exists?(user:)
   end
 
   # All students and proctors registered for the exam.
@@ -114,28 +114,28 @@ def time_window
   def checklist_complete(reason)
     {
       status: :complete,
-      reason: reason,
+      reason:,
     }
   end
 
   def checklist_warning(reason)
     {
       status: :warning,
-      reason: reason,
+      reason:,
     }
   end
 
   def checklist_not_started(reason)
     {
       status: :not_started,
-      reason: reason,
+      reason:,
     }
   end
 
   def checklist_na(reason)
     {
       status: :na,
-      reason: reason,
+      reason:,
     }
   end
 
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ def initialize_grading_locks!(reset: false)
         existing_pairs = existing_pairs.to_set
         missing = pairs_by_version[registration.exam_version_id].reject { |qp| existing_pairs.member? qp }
         new_locks = missing.map do |qp|
-          { registration: registration, question: qp[:question], part: qp[:part] }
+          { registration:, question: qp[:question], part: qp[:part] }
         end
         # For safety's sake, validate these new locks
         # No need to validate the uniqueness criterion, since we're specifically
diff --git a/app/models/exam_version.rb b/app/models/exam_version.rb
index 04ff7ee89..4b822762e 100644
--- a/app/models/exam_version.rb
+++ b/app/models/exam_version.rb
@@ -190,17 +190,17 @@ def as_json(format:)
       elsif root_rubric.nil? || root_rubric.is_a?(None)
         nil
       else
-        root_rubric.as_json(format: format).deep_stringify_keys
+        root_rubric.as_json(format:).deep_stringify_keys
       end
     {
       'policies' => policies,
       'contents' => {
         'instructions' => compact_blank(instructions),
-        'questions' => db_questions.map { |q| q.as_json(format: format) },
+        'questions' => db_questions.map { |q| q.as_json(format:) },
         (format == :export ? 'reference' : 'references') => compact_blank(db_references.where(
           question: nil,
           part: nil,
-        ).map { |ref| ref.as_json(format: format) }),
+        ).map { |ref| ref.as_json(format:) }),
         'examRubric' => rubric_as_json,
       }.compact,
     }
@@ -209,12 +209,12 @@ def as_json(format:)
   def rubric_as_json(format:)
     rubric_tree = multi_group_by(rubrics_for_grading, [:question_id, :part_id, :body_item_id], true)
     preset_comments_in_use = preset_comments.joins(:grading_comments).pluck(:id)
-    exam_rubric = rubric_tree.delete(nil)&.dig(nil, nil)&.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format: format)
+    exam_rubric = rubric_tree.delete(nil)&.dig(nil, nil)&.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format:)
     q_rubrics = rubric_tree.sort.map do |_qnum, rubrics_q|
-      question_rubric = rubrics_q.delete(nil)&.dig(nil)&.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format: format)
+      question_rubric = rubrics_q.delete(nil)&.dig(nil)&.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format:)
       p_rubrics = rubrics_q.sort.map do |_pnum, rubrics_p|
-        part_rubric = rubrics_p.delete(nil)&.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format: format)
-        b_rubrics = rubrics_p.sort.map { |_, b| b.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format: format) }
+        part_rubric = rubrics_p.delete(nil)&.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format:)
+        b_rubrics = rubrics_p.sort.map { |_, b| b.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format:) }
         {
           partRubric: part_rubric,
           body: b_rubrics,
diff --git a/app/models/part.rb b/app/models/part.rb
index 02a7da8cd..4e0d99fca 100644
--- a/app/models/part.rb
+++ b/app/models/part.rb
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ def exam_version
   before_save do
     if rubrics.empty?
       rubrics.build(
-        exam_version: exam_version,
-        question: question,
+        exam_version:,
+        question:,
         part: self,
         body_item: nil,
         type: 'None',
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ def as_json(format:)
       elsif root_rubric.nil? || root_rubric.is_a?(None)
         nil
       else
-        root_rubric.as_json(format: format).deep_stringify_keys
+        root_rubric.as_json(format:).deep_stringify_keys
       end
     {
       'name' => ApplicationHelper.make_html(format, compact_blank(name)),
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ def as_json(format:)
       'points' => points,
       'extraCredit' => extra_credit || nil,
       (format == :export ? 'reference' : 'references') =>
-        compact_blank(references.order(:index).map { |ref| ref.as_json(format: format) }),
+        compact_blank(references.order(:index).map { |ref| ref.as_json(format:) }),
       'partRubric' => rubric_as_json,
       (format == :export ? 'body' : 'bodyItems') =>
-        body_items.order(:index).map { |b| b.as_json(format: format) },
+        body_items.order(:index).map { |b| b.as_json(format:) },
     }.compact
   end
 
diff --git a/app/models/preset_comment.rb b/app/models/preset_comment.rb
index 916b467c4..95ca6489e 100644
--- a/app/models/preset_comment.rb
+++ b/app/models/preset_comment.rb
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ def in_use?
 
   def as_json(preset_comments_in_use = nil, format:)
     {
-      label: label,
+      label:,
       graderHint: grader_hint,
       studentFeedback: student_feedback,
-      points: points,
+      points:,
       inUse:
         if format == :export
           nil
diff --git a/app/models/question.rb b/app/models/question.rb
index f37320ee2..5cbb8f3f5 100644
--- a/app/models/question.rb
+++ b/app/models/question.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ def course
   before_save do
     if rubrics.empty?
       rubrics.build(
-        exam_version: exam_version,
+        exam_version:,
         question: self,
         part: nil,
         body_item: nil,
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def as_json(format:)
       elsif root_rubric.nil? || root_rubric.is_a?(None)
         nil
       else
-        root_rubric.as_json(format: format).deep_stringify_keys
+        root_rubric.as_json(format:).deep_stringify_keys
       end
     {
       'name' => ApplicationHelper.make_html(format, compact_blank(name)),
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ def as_json(format:)
       'extraCredit' => extra_credit || nil,
       'separateSubparts' => separate_subparts,
       (format == :export ? 'reference' : 'references') =>
-        compact_blank(references.where(part: nil).order(:index).map { |ref| ref.as_json(format: format) }),
+        compact_blank(references.where(part: nil).order(:index).map { |ref| ref.as_json(format:) }),
       'questionRubric' => rubric_as_json,
-      'parts' => parts.order(:index).map { |p| p.as_json(format: format) },
+      'parts' => parts.order(:index).map { |p| p.as_json(format:) },
     }.compact
   end
 
diff --git a/app/models/reference.rb b/app/models/reference.rb
index 15a22b55c..d6c066e05 100644
--- a/app/models/reference.rb
+++ b/app/models/reference.rb
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ def self.inheritance_column
   def as_json(format:)
     if format == :graphql
       {
-        type: type,
-        path: path,
+        type:,
+        path:,
       }
     else
       { type => path }
diff --git a/app/models/registration.rb b/app/models/registration.rb
index 3adca5089..1dfd22ed7 100644
--- a/app/models/registration.rb
+++ b/app/models/registration.rb
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ def save_answers(answers)
     json = current_answers
     return true if json == answers
 
-    Snapshot.create(registration: self, answers: answers)
+    Snapshot.create(registration: self, answers:)
   end
 
   def current_score
diff --git a/app/models/rubric.rb b/app/models/rubric.rb
index ad8e0274f..96e4836ec 100644
--- a/app/models/rubric.rb
+++ b/app/models/rubric.rb
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ def compute_grade_for(reg, comments, checks, qpb)
 
   def grading_complete_for(reg)
     # NOTE: need to eliminate any ids that are nil, so we don't select too small a range of comments
-    coords = { question_id: question_id, part_id: part_id, body_item_id: body_item_id }.compact
+    coords = { question_id:, part_id:, body_item_id: }.compact
     comments = multi_group_by(
       reg.grading_comments.includes(:preset_comment).where(coords),
       [:question_id, :part_id, :body_item_id, :preset_comment_id],
@@ -182,14 +182,14 @@ def out_of
   end
 
   def as_json(preset_comments_in_use = nil, format:)
-    rubric_preset_as_json = rubric_preset&.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format: format)
+    rubric_preset_as_json = rubric_preset&.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format:)
     subsections_as_json = subsections.sort_by(&:order).map do |s|
-      s.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format: format)
+      s.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format:)
     end
     {
       type: type.downcase,
-      description: description,
-      points: points,
+      description:,
+      points:,
       choices: rubric_preset_as_json || subsections_as_json,
       inUse:
         if format == :export
diff --git a/app/models/rubric_preset.rb b/app/models/rubric_preset.rb
index 0963fe952..9a33659bc 100644
--- a/app/models/rubric_preset.rb
+++ b/app/models/rubric_preset.rb
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ def compute_grade_for(_reg, max_points, comments, checks, qpb)
 
   def as_json(preset_comments_in_use = nil, format:)
     presets_as_json = preset_comments.sort_by(&:order).map do |p|
-      p.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format: format)
+      p.as_json(preset_comments_in_use, format:)
     end
     {
-      label: label,
-      direction: direction,
-      mercy: mercy,
+      label:,
+      direction:,
+      mercy:,
       presets: presets_as_json,
       inUse: format == :export ? nil : presets_as_json.any? { |p| p['inUse'] },
     }.compact
diff --git a/lib/archive_utils.rb b/lib/archive_utils.rb
index d2fb817c0..c5bbc6abb 100644
--- a/lib/archive_utils.rb
+++ b/lib/archive_utils.rb
@@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ def self.entries(file, mime, from_stream: nil)
           src_dir[:contents][filename] = {
             name: filename,
             type: :symlink,
-            target: target,
+            target:,
           }
         end
       end
@@ -751,16 +751,16 @@ def self.entries(file, mime, from_stream: nil)
 
   private_class_method def self.file_to_json(name, contents, perms)
     {
-      name: name,
+      name:,
       type: :file,
-      contents: contents,
-      perms: perms,
+      contents:,
+      perms:,
     }
   end
 
   private_class_method def self.dir_to_json(name)
     {
-      name: name,
+      name:,
       type: :dir,
       contents: {},
     }
diff --git a/lib/bottlenose.rb b/lib/bottlenose.rb
index 848fa5dd4..ac86bc828 100644
--- a/lib/bottlenose.rb
+++ b/lib/bottlenose.rb
@@ -57,25 +57,25 @@ def sync_course_regs(course)
           student_regs = sec.student_registrations.includes(:user).index_by(&:user_id)
           sec_obj['students'].each do |student|
             user = sync_user(student, all_users)
-            reg = student_regs[user.id] || StudentRegistration.new(section: sec, user: user)
+            reg = student_regs[user.id] || StudentRegistration.new(section: sec, user:)
             reg.save!
           end
           staff_regs = sec.staff_registrations.includes(:user).index_by(&:user_id)
           sec_obj['graders'].each do |grader|
             user = sync_user(grader, all_users)
-            reg = staff_regs[user.id] || StaffRegistration.new(section: sec, user: user)
+            reg = staff_regs[user.id] || StaffRegistration.new(section: sec, user:)
             reg.ta = false
             reg.save!
           end
           sec_obj['assistants'].each do |ta|
             user = sync_user(ta, all_users)
-            reg = staff_regs[user.id] || StaffRegistration.new(section: sec, user: user)
+            reg = staff_regs[user.id] || StaffRegistration.new(section: sec, user:)
             reg.ta = true
             reg.save!
           end
           sec_obj['professors'].each do |prof|
             user = sync_user(prof, all_users)
-            reg = prof_regs[user.id] || ProfessorCourseRegistration.new(course: course, user: user)
+            reg = prof_regs[user.id] || ProfessorCourseRegistration.new(course:, user:)
             prof_regs[user.id] = reg if prof_regs[user.id].nil?
             reg.save!
           end
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ def sync_user(raw_user, all_users)
       user
     end
 
-    def bottlenose_send(method, *args)
-      bottlenose_token.send(method, *args).parsed
+    def bottlenose_send(method, *)
+      bottlenose_token.send(method, *).parsed
     rescue OAuth2::Error => e
       case e.response.status
       when 401
@@ -121,12 +121,12 @@ def bottlenose_send(method, *args)
       raise Bottlenose::ConnectionFailed
     end
 
-    def bottlenose_post(*args)
-      bottlenose_send(:post, *args)
+    def bottlenose_post(*)
+      bottlenose_send(:post, *)
     end
 
-    def bottlenose_get(*args)
-      bottlenose_send(:get, *args)
+    def bottlenose_get(*)
+      bottlenose_send(:get, *)
     end
 
     def bottlenose_oauth_client
diff --git a/test/controllers/api/professor/versions_controller_test.rb b/test/controllers/api/professor/versions_controller_test.rb
index 5e9b7d131..6eb6e3882 100644
--- a/test/controllers/api/professor/versions_controller_test.rb
+++ b/test/controllers/api/professor/versions_controller_test.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ class VersionsControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
     sign_in reg.user
     UploadTestHelper.with_test_uploaded_fixture_zip 'cs3500final-v1' do |upload|
       post import_api_professor_versions_path(exam), params: {
-        upload: upload,
+        upload:,
       }
     end
     assert_response :created
diff --git a/test/factories/exam_version.rb b/test/factories/exam_version.rb
index 3340187e0..85e3d8871 100644
--- a/test/factories/exam_version.rb
+++ b/test/factories/exam_version.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
     trait :blank do
       name { 'Blank exam' }
       transient do
-        upload { create(:upload, :blank) }
+        upload { association(:upload, :blank) }
       end
       before(:create) do |ev, _context|
         ev.db_questions.each do |q|
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
     trait :cs2500_v1 do
       name { 'CS2500 Midterm Version 1' }
       transient do
-        upload { create(:upload, :cs2500_v1) }
+        upload { association(:upload, :cs2500_v1) }
       end
     end
 
@@ -43,21 +43,21 @@
     trait :cs2500_v2 do
       name { 'CS2500 Midterm Version 2' }
       transient do
-        upload { create(:upload, :cs2500_v2) }
+        upload { association(:upload, :cs2500_v2) }
       end
     end
 
     trait :cs3500_v1 do
       name { 'CS3500 Final Version 1' }
       transient do
-        upload { create(:upload, :cs3500_v1) }
+        upload { association(:upload, :cs3500_v1) }
       end
     end
 
     trait :cs3500_v2 do
       name { 'CS3500 Final Version 2' }
       transient do
-        upload { create(:upload, :cs3500_v2) }
+        upload { association(:upload, :cs3500_v2) }
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/test/factories/grading_check.rb b/test/factories/grading_check.rb
index ca9cac4fd..ad291e235 100644
--- a/test/factories/grading_check.rb
+++ b/test/factories/grading_check.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 FactoryBot.define do
   factory :grading_check do
     transient do
-      staff_registration { create(:staff_registration) }
+      staff_registration { association(:staff_registration) }
     end
 
     registration
diff --git a/test/factories/grading_comment.rb b/test/factories/grading_comment.rb
index d79a4cbb0..fc6d80e0b 100644
--- a/test/factories/grading_comment.rb
+++ b/test/factories/grading_comment.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 FactoryBot.define do
   factory :grading_comment do
     transient do
-      staff_registration { create(:staff_registration) }
+      staff_registration { association(:staff_registration) }
     end
 
     registration
diff --git a/test/factories/grading_lock.rb b/test/factories/grading_lock.rb
index 10da9326f..7846d0b01 100644
--- a/test/factories/grading_lock.rb
+++ b/test/factories/grading_lock.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 FactoryBot.define do
   factory :grading_lock do
     transient do
-      staff_registration { create(:staff_registration) }
+      staff_registration { association(:staff_registration) }
     end
 
     registration
diff --git a/test/factories/message.rb b/test/factories/message.rb
index dd1d0d40a..1d51ba8ec 100644
--- a/test/factories/message.rb
+++ b/test/factories/message.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,11 @@
 FactoryBot.define do
   factory :message do
     transient do
+      # rubocop:disable FactoryBot/FactoryAssociationWithStrategy
+      # Need the professor to be fully created and saved, so that
+      # exam.proctors_and_professors can find it later during validation
       prof_reg { create(:professor_course_registration, course: registration.exam.course) }
+      # rubocop:enable FactoryBot/FactoryAssociationWithStrategy
     end
 
     sender { prof_reg.user }
diff --git a/test/factories/registration.rb b/test/factories/registration.rb
index 463927761..031c703d6 100644
--- a/test/factories/registration.rb
+++ b/test/factories/registration.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,11 @@
 FactoryBot.define do
   factory :registration do
     transient do
+      # rubocop:disable FactoryBot/FactoryAssociationWithStrategy
+      # need registration to be fully saved so that the user has an id,
+      # for validation purposes later on
       student_registration { create(:student_registration, course: exam_version.course) }
+      # rubocop:enable FactoryBot/FactoryAssociationWithStrategy
     end
 
     user { student_registration.user }
diff --git a/test/factories/student_registration.rb b/test/factories/student_registration.rb
index 2d90c0900..8e4063baa 100644
--- a/test/factories/student_registration.rb
+++ b/test/factories/student_registration.rb
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 FactoryBot.define do
   factory :student_registration do
     transient do
-      course { create(:course) }
+      course { association(:course) }
     end
 
     user
-    section { create(:section, course: course) }
+    section { association(:section, course:) }
   end
 end
diff --git a/test/integration/exam_version_administration_test.rb b/test/integration/exam_version_administration_test.rb
index 1215b9726..c58a7a3e0 100644
--- a/test/integration/exam_version_administration_test.rb
+++ b/test/integration/exam_version_administration_test.rb
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def try_update(ver, new_name:, user:)
 
   def assert_updatable(ver, user:)
     new_name = 'New version name'
-    result = try_update(ver, new_name: new_name, user: user)
+    result = try_update(ver, new_name:, user:)
     assert_not result['errors']
     ver.reload
     assert_equal new_name, ver.name
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def assert_updatable(ver, user:)
 
   def assert_not_updatable(ver, user:)
     old_name = ver.name
-    result = try_update(ver, new_name: "#{old_name}!", user: user)
+    result = try_update(ver, new_name: "#{old_name}!", user:)
     assert result['errors']
     assert_not result['errors'].empty?
     ver.reload
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ def try_destroy(ver, user:)
   end
 
   def assert_not_destroyable(ver, user:)
-    result = try_destroy(ver, user: user)
+    result = try_destroy(ver, user:)
     assert result['errors']
     assert_not result['errors'].empty?
     ver.reload
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ def assert_not_destroyable(ver, user:)
   def assert_destroyable(ver, user:)
     exam = ver.exam
     old_length = exam.exam_versions.length
-    result = try_destroy(ver, user: user)
+    result = try_destroy(ver, user:)
     assert_not result['errors']
     assert_raise { ver.reload }
     exam.reload
diff --git a/test/integration/grading_locks_test.rb b/test/integration/grading_locks_test.rb
index c540e0810..20f1f4ce0 100644
--- a/test/integration/grading_locks_test.rb
+++ b/test/integration/grading_locks_test.rb
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ def setup
   def attempt_lock(user, reg, qnum, pnum, steal: false, raw: false)
     ans = HourglassSchema.do_mutation!('REQUEST_LOCK_MUTATION', user, {
       registrationId: HourglassSchema.id_from_object(reg, Types::RegistrationType, {}),
-      qnum: qnum,
-      pnum: pnum,
-      steal: steal,
+      qnum:,
+      pnum:,
+      steal:,
     })
     return ans if raw
 
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ def attempt_lock(user, reg, qnum, pnum, steal: false, raw: false)
   def attempt_postpone(user, reg, qnum, pnum, notes, raw: false)
     ans = HourglassSchema.do_mutation!('POSTPONE_LOCK_MUTATION', user, {
       registrationId: HourglassSchema.id_from_object(reg, Types::RegistrationType, {}),
-      qnum: qnum,
-      pnum: pnum,
-      notes: notes,
+      qnum:,
+      pnum:,
+      notes:,
     })
     return ans if raw
 
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ def attempt_grade_next(user, reg, qnum, pnum, allow_change_problems: false, raw:
     ans = HourglassSchema.do_mutation!('GRADE_NEXT_MUTATION', user, {
       examId: HourglassSchema.id_from_object(exam, Types::ExamType, {}),
       examVersionId: HourglassSchema.id_from_object(exam_version, Types::ExamVersionType, {}),
-      qnum: qnum,
-      pnum: pnum,
+      qnum:,
+      pnum:,
       allowChangeProblems: allow_change_problems,
     })
     return ans if raw
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ def attempt_grade_next(user, reg, qnum, pnum, allow_change_problems: false, raw:
   def attempt_unlock(user, reg, qnum, pnum, complete, raw: false)
     ans = HourglassSchema.do_mutation!('RELEASE_LOCK_MUTATION', user, {
       registrationId: HourglassSchema.id_from_object(reg, Types::RegistrationType, {}),
-      qnum: qnum,
-      pnum: pnum,
+      qnum:,
+      pnum:,
       markComplete: complete,
     })
     return ans if raw
diff --git a/test/integration/snapshot_perf_test.rb b/test/integration/snapshot_perf_test.rb
index 3a5a7f6b4..218dfb34f 100644
--- a/test/integration/snapshot_perf_test.rb
+++ b/test/integration/snapshot_perf_test.rb
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ def snapshot_speed
       $stdout.sync = true
       exam = create(:exam)
       create(:professor_course_registration, course: exam.course)
-      ev = create(:exam_version, :cs3500_v1, exam: exam)
+      ev = create(:exam_version, :cs3500_v1, exam:)
       course = exam.course
-      3.times { create(:section, course: course) }
+      create_list(:section, 3, course:)
       sections = course.sections
       NUM_REGISTRATIONS.times do |i|
         s = create(:student_registration, section: sections[i % sections.count], user: create(:user))
diff --git a/test/models/accommodation_test.rb b/test/models/accommodation_test.rb
index e720eba99..d0634aa5c 100644
--- a/test/models/accommodation_test.rb
+++ b/test/models/accommodation_test.rb
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ def setup
   test 'accommodated duration with expansion and real values' do
     start_time = DateTime.now
     end_time = start_time + 20.minutes
-    exam = build(:exam, duration: 8.minutes, start_time: start_time, end_time: end_time)
-    exam_version = build(:exam_version, exam: exam)
-    reg = build(:registration, :early_start, exam_version: exam_version)
+    exam = build(:exam, duration: 8.minutes, start_time:, end_time:)
+    exam_version = build(:exam_version, exam:)
+    reg = build(:registration, :early_start, exam_version:)
     build(:accommodation, registration: reg, percent_time_expansion: 25)
     extra_duration = 2.minutes
     assert_equal extra_duration, reg.accommodated_extra_duration
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ def setup
     reg = build(:registration)
     exam = reg.exam
     new_start_time = exam.start_time - 1.hour
-    build(:accommodation, registration: reg, new_start_time: new_start_time)
+    build(:accommodation, registration: reg, new_start_time:)
     assert_equal new_start_time, reg.accommodated_start_time
   end
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def setup
     exam_version = reg.exam_version
     exam_version.start_time = exam.start_time - 2.hours
     new_start_time = exam.start_time - 1.hour
-    build(:accommodation, registration: reg, new_start_time: new_start_time)
+    build(:accommodation, registration: reg, new_start_time:)
     assert_equal new_start_time, reg.accommodated_start_time
     assert_not_equal exam_version.effective_start_time, reg.accommodated_start_time
     assert_not_equal exam.start_time, reg.accommodated_start_time
diff --git a/test/models/grading_comment_test.rb b/test/models/grading_comment_test.rb
index b1ad25fe9..57c6cea08 100644
--- a/test/models/grading_comment_test.rb
+++ b/test/models/grading_comment_test.rb
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ def create_comment(reg, question, part, bodyitem, preset)
     GradingComment.create!(
       creator: @grader,
       registration: reg,
-      question: question,
-      part: part,
+      question:,
+      part:,
       body_item: bodyitem,
       preset_comment: preset,
       points: preset.points,
diff --git a/test/models/registration_test.rb b/test/models/registration_test.rb
index 9b4c3b361..a8dc4e9a1 100644
--- a/test/models/registration_test.rb
+++ b/test/models/registration_test.rb
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ class RegistrationTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   test 'early bird start time over' do
     start_time = DateTime.now
     end_time = start_time + 20.minutes
-    exam = build(:exam, duration: 8.minutes, start_time: start_time, end_time: end_time)
-    ver = build(:exam_version, exam: exam)
+    exam = build(:exam, duration: 8.minutes, start_time:, end_time:)
+    ver = build(:exam_version, exam:)
     reg = build(:registration, :early_start, exam_version: ver)
     assert_equal 0, reg.accommodated_extra_duration
     assert_equal 8.minutes, reg.accommodated_duration
diff --git a/test/system/extra_credit_test.rb b/test/system/extra_credit_test.rb
index a55bedb07..a1249e984 100644
--- a/test/system/extra_credit_test.rb
+++ b/test/system/extra_credit_test.rb
@@ -113,8 +113,8 @@ def create_comment(reg, question, part, bodyitem, preset)
     GradingComment.create!(
       creator: @ta,
       registration: reg,
-      question: question,
-      part: part,
+      question:,
+      part:,
       body_item: bodyitem,
       preset_comment: preset,
       points: preset.points,