Add support for reduce-like operations over columns

[charleskawczynski]

The ClimaAtmos gravity wave parameterization requires reduce-like operations over columns. See

argmin

Example here

• argmin is used to find the minimum level index at which a condition is met. That level index is then used to access several variables at that level.
• That level index is also used to search up the column, level by level, to compute a wave_forcing. I believe that this can be reformulated, and replaced, by an interpolation operation, see sketch in Improve design of nonorographic gravity wave parameterization ClimaAtmos.jl#897 (comment).

more functions

• I believe that there are more, for example in Add orographic drag ClimaAtmos.jl#1233

We really need to add support for these pieces before this pattern spreads because it:

• is gpu-incompatible
• introduces risks in the form of bugs (unprotected getindex calls with Int / PlusHalf)
• and does not consistently handle topography with the rest of the ClimaCore infrastructure (metric terms are not accounted for when using parent)

[charleskawczynski]

@dennisYatunin , should we close this?

[dennisYatunin]

Yup, this was closed by #1903 (and the ClimaAtmos changes were in CliMA/ClimaAtmos.jl#3226).