diff --git a/cache/BiocFileCache.sqlite b/cache/BiocFileCache.sqlite
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6fe0e96
Binary files /dev/null and b/cache/BiocFileCache.sqlite differ
diff --git a/src/pybiocfilecache/cache.py b/src/pybiocfilecache/cache.py
index 6179e80..a792bfd 100644
--- a/src/pybiocfilecache/cache.py
+++ b/src/pybiocfilecache/cache.py
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
     RnameExistsError,
     RpathTimeoutError,
 )
+from .migrations import Migrator
 from .models import Base, Resource
 from .utils import (
     calculate_file_hash,
@@ -69,6 +70,29 @@ def __init__(self, cache_dir: Optional[Union[str, Path]] = None, config: Optiona
         self._setup_database()
         self._last_cleanup = datetime.now()
 
+        # Initialize migrator
+        self.migrator = Migrator(self.engine)
+
+        # Run migrations
+        try:
+            self.migrator.migrate()
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to run migrations: {e}")
+            raise
+
+    def get_schema_version(self) -> str:
+        """Get current schema version."""
+        return self.migrator.get_current_version()
+
+    def migrate_schema(self, target_version: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """Migrate schema to specified version.
+
+        Args:
+            target_version: Version to migrate to.
+                          If None, migrates to latest version.
+        """
+        self.migrator.migrate(target_version)
+
     def _setup_cache_dir(self) -> None:
         if not self.config.cache_dir.exists():
             self.config.cache_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
diff --git a/src/pybiocfilecache/const.py b/src/pybiocfilecache/const.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 5f28ad4..0000000
--- a/src/pybiocfilecache/const.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-SCHEMA_VERSION = "0.99.4"
diff --git a/src/pybiocfilecache/migrations/__init__.py b/src/pybiocfilecache/migrations/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..59c8270
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pybiocfilecache/migrations/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .migration import Migrator
diff --git a/src/pybiocfilecache/migrations/migration.py b/src/pybiocfilecache/migrations/migration.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee84259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pybiocfilecache/migrations/migration.py
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+import logging
+from typing import Optional
+
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.engine import Engine
+
+__author__ = "Jayaram Kancherla"
+__copyright__ = "Jayaram Kancherla"
+__license__ = "MIT"
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Migration:
+    """Base class for migrations."""
+
+    version: str
+    description: str
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def up(engine: Engine) -> None:
+        """Upgrade to this version."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def down(engine: Engine) -> None:
+        """Downgrade from this version."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Migrator:
+    """Handles database schema migrations."""
+
+    def __init__(self, engine: Engine):
+        from .migrationV0_5_0 import MigrationV0_5_0
+
+        self.engine = engine
+        self.migrations = [MigrationV0_5_0]
+
+    def _detect_version_from_structure(self) -> str:
+        """Detect schema version by examining table structure."""
+        with self.engine.connect() as conn:
+            # Check table structure
+            columns = conn.execute(
+                text("""
+                PRAGMA table_info(resource);
+            """)
+            ).fetchall()
+            column_names = {col[1] for col in columns}
+
+            # Check for columns that indicate version
+            if "is_compressed" in column_names:
+                return "0.5.0"
+            elif "tags" in column_names and "size_bytes" in column_names:
+                return "0.5.0"
+            else:
+                return "0.4.1"
+
+    def get_current_version(self) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Get current schema version from database.
+
+        Will attempt to detect version if `schema_version` is not in metadata.
+        """
+        with self.engine.connect() as conn:
+            result = conn.execute(
+                text("""
+                SELECT value FROM metadata 
+                WHERE key = 'schema_version'
+            """)
+            )
+            row = result.fetchone()
+
+            if row is not None:
+                return row[0]
+
+            detected_version = self._detect_version_from_structure()
+            conn.execute(
+                text("""
+                INSERT INTO metadata (key, value) 
+                VALUES ('schema_version', :version);
+            """),
+                {"version": detected_version},
+            )
+
+            return detected_version
+
+    def migrate(self, target_version: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """Migrate schema to target version.
+
+        Args:
+            target_version:
+                Version to migrate to.
+                If None, migrates to latest version.
+        """
+        try:
+            current = self.get_current_version()
+            latest_version = self.migrations[-1].version
+            target_version = target_version or latest_version
+
+            if current == target_version:
+                logger.info("Already at target version")
+                return
+
+            if current == "0.4.1" and target_version == "0.5.0":
+                logger.info("Upgrading from 0.4.1 to 0.5.0")
+                self.migrations[0].up(self.engine)
+            elif current == "0.5.0" and target_version == "0.4.1":
+                logger.info("Downgrading from 0.5.0 to 0.4.1")
+                self.migrations[0].down(self.engine)
+            else:
+                raise ValueError(f"Unsupported migration path: {current} -> {target_version}")
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Migration failed: {e}")
+            raise
+
+            # When we have multiple migrations
+            # current_idx = next((i for i, m in enumerate(self.migrations) if m.version == current), None)
+            # target_idx = next((i for i, m in enumerate(self.migrations) if m.version == target_version), None)
+
+            # if current_idx is None:
+            #     raise ValueError(f"Unknown current version: {current}")
+            # if target_idx is None:
+            #     raise ValueError(f"Unknown target version: {target_version}")
+
+            # if current_idx < target_idx:
+            #     # Upgrade
+            #     for migration in self.migrations[current_idx : target_idx + 1]:
+            #         logger.info(f"Upgrading to {migration.version}")
+            #         migration.up(self.engine)
+            # elif current_idx > target_idx:
+            #     # Downgrade
+            #     for migration in reversed(self.migrations[target_idx + 1 : current_idx + 1]):
+            #         logger.info(f"Downgrading from {migration.version}")
+            #         migration.down(self.engine)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Migrator(current_version={self.get_current_version()})"
diff --git a/src/pybiocfilecache/migrations/migrationV0_5_0.py b/src/pybiocfilecache/migrations/migrationV0_5_0.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c50bb1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pybiocfilecache/migrations/migrationV0_5_0.py
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.engine import Engine
+
+from .migration import Migration
+
+__author__ = "Jayaram Kancherla"
+__copyright__ = "Jayaram Kancherla"
+__license__ = "MIT"
+
+
+class MigrationV0_5_0(Migration):
+    """Migration from v0.4.1 to 0.5.0."""
+
+    version = "0.5.0"
+    description = "Add tags, size_bytes, compression flag, and update indexes"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def up(engine: Engine) -> None:
+        """Upgrade from v0.4.1 to v0.5.0."""
+        with engine.begin() as conn:
+            # Add new columns
+            conn.execute(
+                text("""
+                ALTER TABLE resource 
+                ADD COLUMN tags TEXT;
+            """)
+            )
+            conn.execute(
+                text("""
+                ALTER TABLE resource 
+                ADD COLUMN size_bytes INTEGER;
+            """)
+            )
+            # conn.execute(
+            #     text("""
+            #     ALTER TABLE resource 
+            #     ADD COLUMN is_compressed BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE;
+            # """)
+            # )
+
+            # Calculate size_bytes for existing resources
+            conn.execute(
+                text("""
+                UPDATE resource
+                SET size_bytes = (
+                    SELECT length(readfile(rpath))
+                    FROM resource r2
+                    WHERE r2.id = resource.id
+                )
+                WHERE EXISTS (
+                    SELECT 1
+                    FROM resource r3
+                    WHERE r3.id = resource.id
+                    AND r3.rpath IS NOT NULL
+                );
+            """)
+            )
+
+            # Add indexes
+            conn.execute(
+                text("""
+                CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS ix_resource_rname 
+                ON resource(rname);
+            """)
+            )
+            conn.execute(
+                text("""
+                CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS ix_resource_rid 
+                ON resource(rid);
+            """)
+            )
+
+            # Update metadata
+            conn.execute(
+                text("""
+                UPDATE metadata 
+                SET value = '0.5.0' 
+                WHERE key = 'schema_version';
+            """)
+            )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def down(engine: Engine) -> None:
+        """Downgrade from v0.5.0 to 0.4.1."""
+        with engine.begin() as conn:
+            # Remove indexes
+            conn.execute(text("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS ix_resource_rname;"))
+            conn.execute(text("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS ix_resource_rid;"))
+
+            # Remove columns
+            # conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE resource DROP COLUMN is_compressed;"))
+            conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE resource DROP COLUMN size_bytes;"))
+            conn.execute(text("ALTER TABLE resource DROP COLUMN tags;"))
+
+            # Update metadata
+            conn.execute(
+                text("""
+                UPDATE metadata 
+                SET value = '0.4.1' 
+                WHERE key = 'schema_version';
+            """)
+            )