diff --git a/cpp/src/barretenberg/plonk/proof_system/verification_key/verification_key.hpp b/cpp/src/barretenberg/plonk/proof_system/verification_key/verification_key.hpp
index 07fd32c044..0668c23d35 100644
--- a/cpp/src/barretenberg/plonk/proof_system/verification_key/verification_key.hpp
+++ b/cpp/src/barretenberg/plonk/proof_system/verification_key/verification_key.hpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 #include <map>
+#include "barretenberg/common/streams.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/srs/reference_string/reference_string.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/srs/reference_string/env_reference_string.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/ecc/curves/bn254/fr.hpp"
@@ -113,4 +114,15 @@ template <typename B> inline void write(B& buf, verification_key const& key)
     write(buf, key.recursive_proof_public_input_indices);
 }
 
+inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, verification_key const& key)
+{
+    return os
+        << "key.composer_type: " << key.composer_type << "\n"
+        << "key.circuit_size: " << static_cast<uint32_t>(key.circuit_size) << "\n"
+        << "key.num_public_inputs: " << static_cast<uint32_t>(key.num_public_inputs) << "\n"
+        << "key.commitments: " << key.commitments << "\n"
+        << "key.contains_recursive_proof: " << key.contains_recursive_proof << "\n"
+        << "key.recursive_proof_public_input_indices: " << key.recursive_proof_public_input_indices << "\n";
+};
+
 } // namespace proof_system::plonk
diff --git a/cpp/src/barretenberg/stdlib/hash/blake3s/blake3s.test.cpp b/cpp/src/barretenberg/stdlib/hash/blake3s/blake3s.test.cpp
index 583bd87db4..bda929ee23 100644
--- a/cpp/src/barretenberg/stdlib/hash/blake3s/blake3s.test.cpp
+++ b/cpp/src/barretenberg/stdlib/hash/blake3s/blake3s.test.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "blake3s.hpp"
 #include "blake3s_plookup.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/crypto/blake3s/blake3s.hpp"
+#include "barretenberg/common/streams.hpp"
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include "barretenberg/plonk/composer/turbo_composer.hpp"
 #include "barretenberg/plonk/composer/ultra_composer.hpp"
@@ -14,18 +15,6 @@ typedef stdlib::byte_array<plonk::UltraComposer> byte_array_plookup;
 typedef stdlib::public_witness_t<Composer> public_witness_t;
 typedef stdlib::public_witness_t<plonk::UltraComposer> public_witness_t_plookup;
 
-namespace std {
-inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, std::vector<uint8_t> const& t)
-{
-    os << "[ ";
-    for (auto e : t) {
-        os << std::setfill('0') << std::hex << std::setw(2) << (int)e << " ";
-    }
-    os << "]";
-    return os;
-}
-} // namespace std
-
 TEST(stdlib_blake3s, test_single_block)
 {
     Composer composer = Composer();
diff --git a/cpp/src/barretenberg/stdlib/hash/keccak/keccak.test.cpp b/cpp/src/barretenberg/stdlib/hash/keccak/keccak.test.cpp
index 589d14dd0e..62f54e5283 100644
--- a/cpp/src/barretenberg/stdlib/hash/keccak/keccak.test.cpp
+++ b/cpp/src/barretenberg/stdlib/hash/keccak/keccak.test.cpp
@@ -18,18 +18,6 @@ namespace {
 auto& engine = numeric::random::get_debug_engine();
 }
 
-namespace std {
-inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, std::vector<uint8_t> const& t)
-{
-    os << "[ ";
-    for (auto e : t) {
-        os << std::setfill('0') << std::hex << std::setw(2) << (int)e << " ";
-    }
-    os << "]";
-    return os;
-}
-} // namespace std
-
 TEST(stdlib_keccak, keccak_format_input_table)
 {
     Composer composer = Composer();