diff --git a/avm-transpiler/src/opcodes.rs b/avm-transpiler/src/opcodes.rs
index e10f8639df4..9e60aee398f 100644
--- a/avm-transpiler/src/opcodes.rs
+++ b/avm-transpiler/src/opcodes.rs
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ pub enum AvmOpcode {
     ECADD,
     MSM,
     // Conversions
-    TORADIXLE,
+    TORADIXBE,
 }
 
 impl AvmOpcode {
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ impl AvmOpcode {
             AvmOpcode::ECADD => "ECADD",
             AvmOpcode::MSM => "MSM",
             // Conversions
-            AvmOpcode::TORADIXLE => "TORADIXLE",
+            AvmOpcode::TORADIXBE => "TORADIXBE",
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/avm-transpiler/src/transpile.rs b/avm-transpiler/src/transpile.rs
index 078160d5693..bb020717208 100644
--- a/avm-transpiler/src/transpile.rs
+++ b/avm-transpiler/src/transpile.rs
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ fn handle_black_box_function(avm_instrs: &mut Vec<AvmInstruction>, operation: &B
             let radix_offset = radix.to_usize() as u32;
 
             avm_instrs.push(AvmInstruction {
-                opcode: AvmOpcode::TORADIXLE,
+                opcode: AvmOpcode::TORADIXBE,
                 indirect: Some(
                     AddressingModeBuilder::default()
                         .direct_operand(input)
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/pil/avm/gadgets/conversion.pil b/barretenberg/cpp/pil/avm/gadgets/conversion.pil
index 5ab45ee45b1..2209261fa9d 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/pil/avm/gadgets/conversion.pil
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/pil/avm/gadgets/conversion.pil
@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ namespace conversion(256);
     pol commit clk;
 
     // Selector for Radix Operation
-    pol commit sel_to_radix_le;
-    sel_to_radix_le * (1 - sel_to_radix_le) = 0;
+    pol commit sel_to_radix_be;
+    sel_to_radix_be * (1 - sel_to_radix_be) = 0;
 
-    // ===== DRAFT: Planned Constraints for To Radix LE
+    // ===== DRAFT: Planned Constraints for To Radix BE
     // Similar to the binary trace; multi-row decomposition of the input using the number of limbs specified as the row count.
+    // TODO: modify this draft plan to work for big-endian To Radix
     // (1) limb_ctr' - limb_ctr + 1 = 0; // Next row decrements the limb_ctr
     // (2) Check equality to 0 of limb_ctr to terminate the operations.
     // (3) An accumulation column to track the partial re-composition of the limbs
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/pil/avm/main.pil b/barretenberg/cpp/pil/avm/main.pil
index 2808dcbe00a..6011fdda2f6 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/pil/avm/main.pil
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/pil/avm/main.pil
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ namespace main(256);
     pol commit opcode_val;
 
     //===== Gadget Selectors ======================================================
-    pol commit sel_op_radix_le;
+    pol commit sel_op_radix_be;
     pol commit sel_op_sha256;
     pol commit sel_op_poseidon2;
     pol commit sel_op_keccak;
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ namespace main(256);
     sel_op_sload * (1 - sel_op_sload) = 0;
     sel_op_sstore * (1 - sel_op_sstore) = 0;
 
-    sel_op_radix_le * (1 - sel_op_radix_le) = 0;
+    sel_op_radix_be * (1 - sel_op_radix_be) = 0;
     sel_op_sha256 * (1 - sel_op_sha256) = 0;
     sel_op_poseidon2 * (1 - sel_op_poseidon2) = 0;
     sel_op_keccak * (1 - sel_op_keccak) = 0;
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ namespace main(256);
     pol SEL_ALL_ALU = SEL_ALU_R_TAG + SEL_ALU_W_TAG;
     pol SEL_ALL_LEFTGAS = sel_op_dagasleft + sel_op_l2gasleft;
     pol SEL_ALL_BINARY = sel_op_and + sel_op_or + sel_op_xor;
-    pol SEL_ALL_GADGET = sel_op_radix_le + sel_op_sha256 + sel_op_poseidon2 + sel_op_keccak
+    pol SEL_ALL_GADGET = sel_op_radix_be + sel_op_sha256 + sel_op_poseidon2 + sel_op_keccak
                        + sel_op_ecadd + sel_op_msm;
     pol SEL_ALL_MEMORY = sel_op_mov + sel_op_set;
     pol OPCODE_SELECTORS = sel_op_fdiv + sel_op_calldata_copy + sel_op_get_contract_instance
@@ -537,9 +537,9 @@ namespace main(256);
     binary.start {binary.clk, binary.acc_ia, binary.acc_ib, binary.acc_ic, binary.op_id, binary.in_tag};
 
     #[PERM_MAIN_CONV]
-    sel_op_radix_le {clk, ia, ib, ic, id}
+    sel_op_radix_be {clk, ia, ib, ic, id}
     is
-    conversion.sel_to_radix_le {conversion.clk, conversion.input, conversion.radix, conversion.num_limbs, conversion.output_bits};
+    conversion.sel_to_radix_be {conversion.clk, conversion.input, conversion.radix, conversion.num_limbs, conversion.output_bits};
 
     #[PERM_MAIN_SHA256]
     sel_op_sha256 {clk, ia, ib, ic}
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/circuit_builder.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/circuit_builder.cpp
index 4958f7a3ff8..331b844159f 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/circuit_builder.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/circuit_builder.cpp
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ AvmCircuitBuilder::ProverPolynomials AvmCircuitBuilder::compute_polynomials() co
                 polys.conversion_num_limbs.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].conversion_num_limbs);
                 polys.conversion_output_bits.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].conversion_output_bits);
                 polys.conversion_radix.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].conversion_radix);
-                polys.conversion_sel_to_radix_le.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].conversion_sel_to_radix_le);
+                polys.conversion_sel_to_radix_be.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].conversion_sel_to_radix_be);
                 polys.keccakf1600_clk.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].keccakf1600_clk);
                 polys.keccakf1600_input.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].keccakf1600_input);
                 polys.keccakf1600_output.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].keccakf1600_output);
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ AvmCircuitBuilder::ProverPolynomials AvmCircuitBuilder::compute_polynomials() co
                 polys.main_sel_op_nullifier_exists.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].main_sel_op_nullifier_exists);
                 polys.main_sel_op_or.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].main_sel_op_or);
                 polys.main_sel_op_poseidon2.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].main_sel_op_poseidon2);
-                polys.main_sel_op_radix_le.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].main_sel_op_radix_le);
+                polys.main_sel_op_radix_be.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].main_sel_op_radix_be);
                 polys.main_sel_op_sender.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].main_sel_op_sender);
                 polys.main_sel_op_set.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].main_sel_op_set);
                 polys.main_sel_op_sha256.set_if_valid_index(i, rows[i].main_sel_op_sha256);
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/flavor.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/flavor.cpp
index ac5d480c153..3551642c096 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/flavor.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/flavor.cpp
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ AvmFlavor::AllConstRefValues::AllConstRefValues(
     , conversion_num_limbs(il[138])
     , conversion_output_bits(il[139])
     , conversion_radix(il[140])
-    , conversion_sel_to_radix_le(il[141])
+    , conversion_sel_to_radix_be(il[141])
     , keccakf1600_clk(il[142])
     , keccakf1600_input(il[143])
     , keccakf1600_output(il[144])
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ AvmFlavor::AllConstRefValues::AllConstRefValues(
     , main_sel_op_nullifier_exists(il[246])
     , main_sel_op_or(il[247])
     , main_sel_op_poseidon2(il[248])
-    , main_sel_op_radix_le(il[249])
+    , main_sel_op_radix_be(il[249])
     , main_sel_op_sender(il[250])
     , main_sel_op_set(il[251])
     , main_sel_op_sha256(il[252])
@@ -987,7 +987,7 @@ AvmFlavor::AllConstRefValues AvmFlavor::ProverPolynomials::get_row(size_t row_id
                      conversion_num_limbs[row_idx],
                      conversion_output_bits[row_idx],
                      conversion_radix[row_idx],
-                     conversion_sel_to_radix_le[row_idx],
+                     conversion_sel_to_radix_be[row_idx],
                      keccakf1600_clk[row_idx],
                      keccakf1600_input[row_idx],
                      keccakf1600_output[row_idx],
@@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@ AvmFlavor::AllConstRefValues AvmFlavor::ProverPolynomials::get_row(size_t row_id
                      main_sel_op_nullifier_exists[row_idx],
                      main_sel_op_or[row_idx],
                      main_sel_op_poseidon2[row_idx],
-                     main_sel_op_radix_le[row_idx],
+                     main_sel_op_radix_be[row_idx],
                      main_sel_op_sender[row_idx],
                      main_sel_op_set[row_idx],
                      main_sel_op_sha256[row_idx],
@@ -1816,7 +1816,7 @@ AvmFlavor::CommitmentLabels::CommitmentLabels()
     Base::conversion_num_limbs = "CONVERSION_NUM_LIMBS";
     Base::conversion_output_bits = "CONVERSION_OUTPUT_BITS";
     Base::conversion_radix = "CONVERSION_RADIX";
-    Base::conversion_sel_to_radix_le = "CONVERSION_SEL_TO_RADIX_LE";
+    Base::conversion_sel_to_radix_be = "CONVERSION_SEL_TO_RADIX_BE";
     Base::keccakf1600_clk = "KECCAKF1600_CLK";
     Base::keccakf1600_input = "KECCAKF1600_INPUT";
     Base::keccakf1600_output = "KECCAKF1600_OUTPUT";
@@ -1924,7 +1924,7 @@ AvmFlavor::CommitmentLabels::CommitmentLabels()
     Base::main_sel_op_nullifier_exists = "MAIN_SEL_OP_NULLIFIER_EXISTS";
     Base::main_sel_op_or = "MAIN_SEL_OP_OR";
     Base::main_sel_op_poseidon2 = "MAIN_SEL_OP_POSEIDON2";
-    Base::main_sel_op_radix_le = "MAIN_SEL_OP_RADIX_LE";
+    Base::main_sel_op_radix_be = "MAIN_SEL_OP_RADIX_BE";
     Base::main_sel_op_sender = "MAIN_SEL_OP_SENDER";
     Base::main_sel_op_set = "MAIN_SEL_OP_SET";
     Base::main_sel_op_sha256 = "MAIN_SEL_OP_SHA256";
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/flavor.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/flavor.hpp
index bbb34b96a6b..e83b4604038 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/flavor.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/flavor.hpp
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ template <typename... input_t> using tuple_cat_t = decltype(std::tuple_cat(std::
 // The entities that will be used in the flavor.
 // clang-format off
 #define PRECOMPUTED_ENTITIES byte_lookup_sel_bin, byte_lookup_table_byte_lengths, byte_lookup_table_in_tags, byte_lookup_table_input_a, byte_lookup_table_input_b, byte_lookup_table_op_id, byte_lookup_table_output, gas_base_da_gas_fixed_table, gas_base_l2_gas_fixed_table, gas_dyn_da_gas_fixed_table, gas_dyn_l2_gas_fixed_table, gas_sel_gas_cost, main_clk, main_sel_da_end_gas_kernel_input, main_sel_da_start_gas_kernel_input, main_sel_first, main_sel_l2_end_gas_kernel_input, main_sel_l2_start_gas_kernel_input, main_sel_start_exec, main_zeroes, powers_power_of_2
-#define WIRE_ENTITIES main_kernel_inputs, main_kernel_value_out, main_kernel_side_effect_out, main_kernel_metadata_out, main_calldata, main_returndata, alu_a_hi, alu_a_lo, alu_b_hi, alu_b_lo, alu_b_pow, alu_c_hi, alu_c_lo, alu_cf, alu_clk, alu_cmp_gadget_gt, alu_cmp_gadget_input_a, alu_cmp_gadget_input_b, alu_cmp_gadget_result, alu_cmp_gadget_sel, alu_ff_tag, alu_ia, alu_ib, alu_ic, alu_in_tag, alu_max_bits_sub_b_bits, alu_max_bits_sub_b_pow, alu_op_add, alu_op_cast, alu_op_div, alu_op_eq, alu_op_lt, alu_op_lte, alu_op_mul, alu_op_not, alu_op_shl, alu_op_shr, alu_op_sub, alu_partial_prod_hi, alu_partial_prod_lo, alu_range_check_input_value, alu_range_check_num_bits, alu_range_check_sel, alu_remainder, alu_sel_alu, alu_sel_cmp, alu_sel_shift_which, alu_u128_tag, alu_u16_tag, alu_u1_tag, alu_u32_tag, alu_u64_tag, alu_u8_tag, alu_zero_shift, binary_acc_ia, binary_acc_ib, binary_acc_ic, binary_clk, binary_ia_bytes, binary_ib_bytes, binary_ic_bytes, binary_in_tag, binary_mem_tag_ctr, binary_mem_tag_ctr_inv, binary_op_id, binary_sel_bin, binary_start, bytecode_arifact_hash, bytecode_as_fields, bytecode_bytes, bytecode_bytes_pc, bytecode_class_id, bytecode_contract_address, bytecode_decomposed, bytecode_deployer_addr, bytecode_end_latch, bytecode_incoming_viewing_key_x, bytecode_incoming_viewing_key_y, bytecode_initialization_hash, bytecode_length_remaining, bytecode_nullifier_key_x, bytecode_nullifier_key_y, bytecode_outgoing_viewing_key_x, bytecode_outgoing_viewing_key_y, bytecode_private_fn_root, bytecode_public_key_hash, bytecode_running_hash, bytecode_salt, bytecode_tagging_key_x, bytecode_tagging_key_y, cmp_a_hi, cmp_a_lo, cmp_b_hi, cmp_b_lo, cmp_borrow, cmp_clk, cmp_cmp_rng_ctr, cmp_input_a, cmp_input_b, cmp_op_eq, cmp_op_eq_diff_inv, cmp_op_gt, cmp_p_a_borrow, cmp_p_b_borrow, cmp_p_sub_a_hi, cmp_p_sub_a_lo, cmp_p_sub_b_hi, cmp_p_sub_b_lo, cmp_range_chk_clk, cmp_res_hi, cmp_res_lo, cmp_result, cmp_sel_cmp, cmp_sel_rng_chk, cmp_shift_sel, conversion_clk, conversion_input, conversion_num_limbs, conversion_output_bits, conversion_radix, conversion_sel_to_radix_le, keccakf1600_clk, keccakf1600_input, keccakf1600_output, keccakf1600_sel_keccakf1600, main_abs_da_rem_gas, main_abs_l2_rem_gas, main_alu_in_tag, main_base_da_gas_op_cost, main_base_l2_gas_op_cost, main_bin_op_id, main_call_ptr, main_da_gas_remaining, main_da_out_of_gas, main_dyn_da_gas_op_cost, main_dyn_gas_multiplier, main_dyn_l2_gas_op_cost, main_emit_l2_to_l1_msg_write_offset, main_emit_note_hash_write_offset, main_emit_nullifier_write_offset, main_emit_unencrypted_log_write_offset, main_ia, main_ib, main_ic, main_id, main_id_zero, main_ind_addr_a, main_ind_addr_b, main_ind_addr_c, main_ind_addr_d, main_internal_return_ptr, main_inv, main_is_fake_row, main_is_gas_accounted, main_kernel_in_offset, main_kernel_out_offset, main_l1_to_l2_msg_exists_write_offset, main_l2_gas_remaining, main_l2_out_of_gas, main_mem_addr_a, main_mem_addr_b, main_mem_addr_c, main_mem_addr_d, main_note_hash_exist_write_offset, main_nullifier_exists_write_offset, main_nullifier_non_exists_write_offset, main_op_err, main_opcode_val, main_pc, main_r_in_tag, main_rwa, main_rwb, main_rwc, main_rwd, main_sel_alu, main_sel_bin, main_sel_calldata, main_sel_execution_end, main_sel_execution_row, main_sel_kernel_inputs, main_sel_kernel_out, main_sel_mem_op_a, main_sel_mem_op_b, main_sel_mem_op_c, main_sel_mem_op_d, main_sel_mov_ia_to_ic, main_sel_mov_ib_to_ic, main_sel_op_add, main_sel_op_address, main_sel_op_and, main_sel_op_block_number, main_sel_op_calldata_copy, main_sel_op_cast, main_sel_op_chain_id, main_sel_op_dagasleft, main_sel_op_div, main_sel_op_ecadd, main_sel_op_emit_l2_to_l1_msg, main_sel_op_emit_note_hash, main_sel_op_emit_nullifier, main_sel_op_emit_unencrypted_log, main_sel_op_eq, main_sel_op_external_call, main_sel_op_external_return, main_sel_op_external_revert, main_sel_op_fdiv, main_sel_op_fee_per_da_gas, main_sel_op_fee_per_l2_gas, main_sel_op_function_selector, main_sel_op_get_contract_instance, main_sel_op_internal_call, main_sel_op_internal_return, main_sel_op_is_static_call, main_sel_op_jump, main_sel_op_jumpi, main_sel_op_keccak, main_sel_op_l1_to_l2_msg_exists, main_sel_op_l2gasleft, main_sel_op_lt, main_sel_op_lte, main_sel_op_mov, main_sel_op_msm, main_sel_op_mul, main_sel_op_not, main_sel_op_note_hash_exists, main_sel_op_nullifier_exists, main_sel_op_or, main_sel_op_poseidon2, main_sel_op_radix_le, main_sel_op_sender, main_sel_op_set, main_sel_op_sha256, main_sel_op_shl, main_sel_op_shr, main_sel_op_sload, main_sel_op_sstore, main_sel_op_static_call, main_sel_op_sub, main_sel_op_timestamp, main_sel_op_transaction_fee, main_sel_op_version, main_sel_op_xor, main_sel_q_kernel_lookup, main_sel_q_kernel_output_lookup, main_sel_resolve_ind_addr_a, main_sel_resolve_ind_addr_b, main_sel_resolve_ind_addr_c, main_sel_resolve_ind_addr_d, main_sel_returndata, main_sel_rng_16, main_sel_rng_8, main_sel_slice_gadget, main_side_effect_counter, main_sload_write_offset, main_space_id, main_sstore_write_offset, main_tag_err, main_w_in_tag, mem_addr, mem_clk, mem_diff, mem_glob_addr, mem_last, mem_lastAccess, mem_one_min_inv, mem_r_in_tag, mem_rw, mem_sel_mem, mem_sel_mov_ia_to_ic, mem_sel_mov_ib_to_ic, mem_sel_op_a, mem_sel_op_b, mem_sel_op_c, mem_sel_op_d, mem_sel_op_poseidon_read_a, mem_sel_op_poseidon_read_b, mem_sel_op_poseidon_read_c, mem_sel_op_poseidon_read_d, mem_sel_op_poseidon_write_a, mem_sel_op_poseidon_write_b, mem_sel_op_poseidon_write_c, mem_sel_op_poseidon_write_d, mem_sel_op_slice, mem_sel_resolve_ind_addr_a, mem_sel_resolve_ind_addr_b, mem_sel_resolve_ind_addr_c, mem_sel_resolve_ind_addr_d, mem_sel_rng_chk, mem_skip_check_tag, mem_space_id, mem_tag, mem_tag_err, mem_tsp, mem_val, mem_w_in_tag, merkle_tree_clk, merkle_tree_expected_tree_root, merkle_tree_latch, merkle_tree_leaf_index, merkle_tree_leaf_index_is_even, merkle_tree_leaf_value, merkle_tree_left_hash, merkle_tree_output_hash, merkle_tree_path_len, merkle_tree_path_len_inv, merkle_tree_right_hash, merkle_tree_sel_merkle_tree, merkle_tree_sibling_value, poseidon2_B_10_0, poseidon2_B_10_1, poseidon2_B_10_2, poseidon2_B_10_3, poseidon2_B_11_0, poseidon2_B_11_1, poseidon2_B_11_2, poseidon2_B_11_3, poseidon2_B_12_0, poseidon2_B_12_1, poseidon2_B_12_2, poseidon2_B_12_3, poseidon2_B_13_0, poseidon2_B_13_1, poseidon2_B_13_2, poseidon2_B_13_3, poseidon2_B_14_0, poseidon2_B_14_1, poseidon2_B_14_2, poseidon2_B_14_3, poseidon2_B_15_0, poseidon2_B_15_1, poseidon2_B_15_2, poseidon2_B_15_3, poseidon2_B_16_0, poseidon2_B_16_1, poseidon2_B_16_2, poseidon2_B_16_3, poseidon2_B_17_0, poseidon2_B_17_1, poseidon2_B_17_2, poseidon2_B_17_3, poseidon2_B_18_0, poseidon2_B_18_1, poseidon2_B_18_2, poseidon2_B_18_3, poseidon2_B_19_0, poseidon2_B_19_1, poseidon2_B_19_2, poseidon2_B_19_3, poseidon2_B_20_0, poseidon2_B_20_1, poseidon2_B_20_2, poseidon2_B_20_3, poseidon2_B_21_0, poseidon2_B_21_1, poseidon2_B_21_2, poseidon2_B_21_3, poseidon2_B_22_0, poseidon2_B_22_1, poseidon2_B_22_2, poseidon2_B_22_3, poseidon2_B_23_0, poseidon2_B_23_1, poseidon2_B_23_2, poseidon2_B_23_3, poseidon2_B_24_0, poseidon2_B_24_1, poseidon2_B_24_2, poseidon2_B_24_3, poseidon2_B_25_0, poseidon2_B_25_1, poseidon2_B_25_2, poseidon2_B_25_3, poseidon2_B_26_0, poseidon2_B_26_1, poseidon2_B_26_2, poseidon2_B_26_3, poseidon2_B_27_0, poseidon2_B_27_1, poseidon2_B_27_2, poseidon2_B_27_3, poseidon2_B_28_0, poseidon2_B_28_1, poseidon2_B_28_2, poseidon2_B_28_3, poseidon2_B_29_0, poseidon2_B_29_1, poseidon2_B_29_2, poseidon2_B_29_3, poseidon2_B_30_0, poseidon2_B_30_1, poseidon2_B_30_2, poseidon2_B_30_3, poseidon2_B_31_0, poseidon2_B_31_1, poseidon2_B_31_2, poseidon2_B_31_3, poseidon2_B_32_0, poseidon2_B_32_1, poseidon2_B_32_2, poseidon2_B_32_3, poseidon2_B_33_0, poseidon2_B_33_1, poseidon2_B_33_2, poseidon2_B_33_3, poseidon2_B_34_0, poseidon2_B_34_1, poseidon2_B_34_2, poseidon2_B_34_3, poseidon2_B_35_0, poseidon2_B_35_1, poseidon2_B_35_2, poseidon2_B_35_3, poseidon2_B_36_0, poseidon2_B_36_1, poseidon2_B_36_2, poseidon2_B_36_3, poseidon2_B_37_0, poseidon2_B_37_1, poseidon2_B_37_2, poseidon2_B_37_3, poseidon2_B_38_0, poseidon2_B_38_1, poseidon2_B_38_2, poseidon2_B_38_3, poseidon2_B_39_0, poseidon2_B_39_1, poseidon2_B_39_2, poseidon2_B_39_3, poseidon2_B_40_0, poseidon2_B_40_1, poseidon2_B_40_2, poseidon2_B_40_3, poseidon2_B_41_0, poseidon2_B_41_1, poseidon2_B_41_2, poseidon2_B_41_3, poseidon2_B_42_0, poseidon2_B_42_1, poseidon2_B_42_2, poseidon2_B_42_3, poseidon2_B_43_0, poseidon2_B_43_1, poseidon2_B_43_2, poseidon2_B_43_3, poseidon2_B_44_0, poseidon2_B_44_1, poseidon2_B_44_2, poseidon2_B_44_3, poseidon2_B_45_0, poseidon2_B_45_1, poseidon2_B_45_2, poseidon2_B_45_3, poseidon2_B_46_0, poseidon2_B_46_1, poseidon2_B_46_2, poseidon2_B_46_3, poseidon2_B_47_0, poseidon2_B_47_1, poseidon2_B_47_2, poseidon2_B_47_3, poseidon2_B_48_0, poseidon2_B_48_1, poseidon2_B_48_2, poseidon2_B_48_3, poseidon2_B_49_0, poseidon2_B_49_1, poseidon2_B_49_2, poseidon2_B_49_3, poseidon2_B_4_0, poseidon2_B_4_1, poseidon2_B_4_2, poseidon2_B_4_3, poseidon2_B_50_0, poseidon2_B_50_1, poseidon2_B_50_2, poseidon2_B_50_3, poseidon2_B_51_0, poseidon2_B_51_1, poseidon2_B_51_2, poseidon2_B_51_3, poseidon2_B_52_0, poseidon2_B_52_1, poseidon2_B_52_2, poseidon2_B_52_3, poseidon2_B_53_0, poseidon2_B_53_1, poseidon2_B_53_2, poseidon2_B_53_3, poseidon2_B_54_0, poseidon2_B_54_1, poseidon2_B_54_2, poseidon2_B_54_3, poseidon2_B_55_0, poseidon2_B_55_1, poseidon2_B_55_2, poseidon2_B_55_3, poseidon2_B_56_0, poseidon2_B_56_1, poseidon2_B_56_2, poseidon2_B_56_3, poseidon2_B_57_0, poseidon2_B_57_1, poseidon2_B_57_2, poseidon2_B_57_3, poseidon2_B_58_0, poseidon2_B_58_1, poseidon2_B_58_2, poseidon2_B_58_3, poseidon2_B_59_0, poseidon2_B_59_1, poseidon2_B_59_2, poseidon2_B_59_3, poseidon2_B_5_0, poseidon2_B_5_1, poseidon2_B_5_2, poseidon2_B_5_3, poseidon2_B_6_0, poseidon2_B_6_1, poseidon2_B_6_2, poseidon2_B_6_3, poseidon2_B_7_0, poseidon2_B_7_1, poseidon2_B_7_2, poseidon2_B_7_3, poseidon2_B_8_0, poseidon2_B_8_1, poseidon2_B_8_2, poseidon2_B_8_3, poseidon2_B_9_0, poseidon2_B_9_1, poseidon2_B_9_2, poseidon2_B_9_3, poseidon2_EXT_LAYER_4, poseidon2_EXT_LAYER_5, poseidon2_EXT_LAYER_6, poseidon2_EXT_LAYER_7, poseidon2_T_0_4, poseidon2_T_0_5, poseidon2_T_0_6, poseidon2_T_0_7, poseidon2_T_1_4, poseidon2_T_1_5, poseidon2_T_1_6, poseidon2_T_1_7, poseidon2_T_2_4, poseidon2_T_2_5, poseidon2_T_2_6, poseidon2_T_2_7, poseidon2_T_3_4, poseidon2_T_3_5, poseidon2_T_3_6, poseidon2_T_3_7, poseidon2_T_60_4, poseidon2_T_60_5, poseidon2_T_60_6, poseidon2_T_60_7, poseidon2_T_61_4, poseidon2_T_61_5, poseidon2_T_61_6, poseidon2_T_61_7, poseidon2_T_62_4, poseidon2_T_62_5, poseidon2_T_62_6, poseidon2_T_62_7, poseidon2_T_63_4, poseidon2_T_63_5, poseidon2_T_63_6, poseidon2_T_63_7, poseidon2_a_0, poseidon2_a_1, poseidon2_a_2, poseidon2_a_3, poseidon2_b_0, poseidon2_b_1, poseidon2_b_2, poseidon2_b_3, poseidon2_clk, poseidon2_full_a_0, poseidon2_full_a_1, poseidon2_full_a_2, poseidon2_full_a_3, poseidon2_full_b_0, poseidon2_full_b_1, poseidon2_full_b_2, poseidon2_full_b_3, poseidon2_full_clk, poseidon2_full_end_poseidon, poseidon2_full_execute_poseidon_perm, poseidon2_full_input_0, poseidon2_full_input_1, poseidon2_full_input_2, poseidon2_full_input_len, poseidon2_full_num_perm_rounds_rem, poseidon2_full_num_perm_rounds_rem_inv, poseidon2_full_output, poseidon2_full_padding, poseidon2_full_sel_merkle_tree, poseidon2_full_sel_poseidon, poseidon2_full_start_poseidon, poseidon2_input_addr, poseidon2_mem_addr_read_a, poseidon2_mem_addr_read_b, poseidon2_mem_addr_read_c, poseidon2_mem_addr_read_d, poseidon2_mem_addr_write_a, poseidon2_mem_addr_write_b, poseidon2_mem_addr_write_c, poseidon2_mem_addr_write_d, poseidon2_output_addr, poseidon2_sel_poseidon_perm, poseidon2_sel_poseidon_perm_immediate, poseidon2_sel_poseidon_perm_mem_op, poseidon2_space_id, range_check_alu_rng_chk, range_check_clk, range_check_cmp_hi_bits_rng_chk, range_check_cmp_lo_bits_rng_chk, range_check_dyn_diff, range_check_dyn_rng_chk_bits, range_check_dyn_rng_chk_pow_2, range_check_gas_da_rng_chk, range_check_gas_l2_rng_chk, range_check_is_lte_u112, range_check_is_lte_u128, range_check_is_lte_u16, range_check_is_lte_u32, range_check_is_lte_u48, range_check_is_lte_u64, range_check_is_lte_u80, range_check_is_lte_u96, range_check_mem_rng_chk, range_check_rng_chk_bits, range_check_sel_lookup_0, range_check_sel_lookup_1, range_check_sel_lookup_2, range_check_sel_lookup_3, range_check_sel_lookup_4, range_check_sel_lookup_5, range_check_sel_lookup_6, range_check_sel_rng_chk, range_check_u16_r0, range_check_u16_r1, range_check_u16_r2, range_check_u16_r3, range_check_u16_r4, range_check_u16_r5, range_check_u16_r6, range_check_u16_r7, range_check_value, sha256_clk, sha256_input, sha256_output, sha256_sel_sha256_compression, sha256_state, slice_addr, slice_clk, slice_cnt, slice_col_offset, slice_one_min_inv, slice_sel_cd_cpy, slice_sel_mem_active, slice_sel_return, slice_sel_start, slice_space_id, slice_val, lookup_rng_chk_pow_2_counts, lookup_rng_chk_diff_counts, lookup_rng_chk_0_counts, lookup_rng_chk_1_counts, lookup_rng_chk_2_counts, lookup_rng_chk_3_counts, lookup_rng_chk_4_counts, lookup_rng_chk_5_counts, lookup_rng_chk_6_counts, lookup_rng_chk_7_counts, lookup_pow_2_0_counts, lookup_pow_2_1_counts, lookup_byte_lengths_counts, lookup_byte_operations_counts, lookup_opcode_gas_counts, kernel_output_lookup_counts, lookup_into_kernel_counts, lookup_cd_value_counts, lookup_ret_value_counts, incl_main_tag_err_counts, incl_mem_tag_err_counts
+#define WIRE_ENTITIES main_kernel_inputs, main_kernel_value_out, main_kernel_side_effect_out, main_kernel_metadata_out, main_calldata, main_returndata, alu_a_hi, alu_a_lo, alu_b_hi, alu_b_lo, alu_b_pow, alu_c_hi, alu_c_lo, alu_cf, alu_clk, alu_cmp_gadget_gt, alu_cmp_gadget_input_a, alu_cmp_gadget_input_b, alu_cmp_gadget_result, alu_cmp_gadget_sel, alu_ff_tag, alu_ia, alu_ib, alu_ic, alu_in_tag, alu_max_bits_sub_b_bits, alu_max_bits_sub_b_pow, alu_op_add, alu_op_cast, alu_op_div, alu_op_eq, alu_op_lt, alu_op_lte, alu_op_mul, alu_op_not, alu_op_shl, alu_op_shr, alu_op_sub, alu_partial_prod_hi, alu_partial_prod_lo, alu_range_check_input_value, alu_range_check_num_bits, alu_range_check_sel, alu_remainder, alu_sel_alu, alu_sel_cmp, alu_sel_shift_which, alu_u128_tag, alu_u16_tag, alu_u1_tag, alu_u32_tag, alu_u64_tag, alu_u8_tag, alu_zero_shift, binary_acc_ia, binary_acc_ib, binary_acc_ic, binary_clk, binary_ia_bytes, binary_ib_bytes, binary_ic_bytes, binary_in_tag, binary_mem_tag_ctr, binary_mem_tag_ctr_inv, binary_op_id, binary_sel_bin, binary_start, bytecode_arifact_hash, bytecode_as_fields, bytecode_bytes, bytecode_bytes_pc, bytecode_class_id, bytecode_contract_address, bytecode_decomposed, bytecode_deployer_addr, bytecode_end_latch, bytecode_incoming_viewing_key_x, bytecode_incoming_viewing_key_y, bytecode_initialization_hash, bytecode_length_remaining, bytecode_nullifier_key_x, bytecode_nullifier_key_y, bytecode_outgoing_viewing_key_x, bytecode_outgoing_viewing_key_y, bytecode_private_fn_root, bytecode_public_key_hash, bytecode_running_hash, bytecode_salt, bytecode_tagging_key_x, bytecode_tagging_key_y, cmp_a_hi, cmp_a_lo, cmp_b_hi, cmp_b_lo, cmp_borrow, cmp_clk, cmp_cmp_rng_ctr, cmp_input_a, cmp_input_b, cmp_op_eq, cmp_op_eq_diff_inv, cmp_op_gt, cmp_p_a_borrow, cmp_p_b_borrow, cmp_p_sub_a_hi, cmp_p_sub_a_lo, cmp_p_sub_b_hi, cmp_p_sub_b_lo, cmp_range_chk_clk, cmp_res_hi, cmp_res_lo, cmp_result, cmp_sel_cmp, cmp_sel_rng_chk, cmp_shift_sel, conversion_clk, conversion_input, conversion_num_limbs, conversion_output_bits, conversion_radix, conversion_sel_to_radix_be, keccakf1600_clk, keccakf1600_input, keccakf1600_output, keccakf1600_sel_keccakf1600, main_abs_da_rem_gas, main_abs_l2_rem_gas, main_alu_in_tag, main_base_da_gas_op_cost, main_base_l2_gas_op_cost, main_bin_op_id, main_call_ptr, main_da_gas_remaining, main_da_out_of_gas, main_dyn_da_gas_op_cost, main_dyn_gas_multiplier, main_dyn_l2_gas_op_cost, main_emit_l2_to_l1_msg_write_offset, main_emit_note_hash_write_offset, main_emit_nullifier_write_offset, main_emit_unencrypted_log_write_offset, main_ia, main_ib, main_ic, main_id, main_id_zero, main_ind_addr_a, main_ind_addr_b, main_ind_addr_c, main_ind_addr_d, main_internal_return_ptr, main_inv, main_is_fake_row, main_is_gas_accounted, main_kernel_in_offset, main_kernel_out_offset, main_l1_to_l2_msg_exists_write_offset, main_l2_gas_remaining, main_l2_out_of_gas, main_mem_addr_a, main_mem_addr_b, main_mem_addr_c, main_mem_addr_d, main_note_hash_exist_write_offset, main_nullifier_exists_write_offset, main_nullifier_non_exists_write_offset, main_op_err, main_opcode_val, main_pc, main_r_in_tag, main_rwa, main_rwb, main_rwc, main_rwd, main_sel_alu, main_sel_bin, main_sel_calldata, main_sel_execution_end, main_sel_execution_row, main_sel_kernel_inputs, main_sel_kernel_out, main_sel_mem_op_a, main_sel_mem_op_b, main_sel_mem_op_c, main_sel_mem_op_d, main_sel_mov_ia_to_ic, main_sel_mov_ib_to_ic, main_sel_op_add, main_sel_op_address, main_sel_op_and, main_sel_op_block_number, main_sel_op_calldata_copy, main_sel_op_cast, main_sel_op_chain_id, main_sel_op_dagasleft, main_sel_op_div, main_sel_op_ecadd, main_sel_op_emit_l2_to_l1_msg, main_sel_op_emit_note_hash, main_sel_op_emit_nullifier, main_sel_op_emit_unencrypted_log, main_sel_op_eq, main_sel_op_external_call, main_sel_op_external_return, main_sel_op_external_revert, main_sel_op_fdiv, main_sel_op_fee_per_da_gas, main_sel_op_fee_per_l2_gas, main_sel_op_function_selector, main_sel_op_get_contract_instance, main_sel_op_internal_call, main_sel_op_internal_return, main_sel_op_is_static_call, main_sel_op_jump, main_sel_op_jumpi, main_sel_op_keccak, main_sel_op_l1_to_l2_msg_exists, main_sel_op_l2gasleft, main_sel_op_lt, main_sel_op_lte, main_sel_op_mov, main_sel_op_msm, main_sel_op_mul, main_sel_op_not, main_sel_op_note_hash_exists, main_sel_op_nullifier_exists, main_sel_op_or, main_sel_op_poseidon2, main_sel_op_radix_be, main_sel_op_sender, main_sel_op_set, main_sel_op_sha256, main_sel_op_shl, main_sel_op_shr, main_sel_op_sload, main_sel_op_sstore, main_sel_op_static_call, main_sel_op_sub, main_sel_op_timestamp, main_sel_op_transaction_fee, main_sel_op_version, main_sel_op_xor, main_sel_q_kernel_lookup, main_sel_q_kernel_output_lookup, main_sel_resolve_ind_addr_a, main_sel_resolve_ind_addr_b, main_sel_resolve_ind_addr_c, main_sel_resolve_ind_addr_d, main_sel_returndata, main_sel_rng_16, main_sel_rng_8, main_sel_slice_gadget, main_side_effect_counter, main_sload_write_offset, main_space_id, main_sstore_write_offset, main_tag_err, main_w_in_tag, mem_addr, mem_clk, mem_diff, mem_glob_addr, mem_last, mem_lastAccess, mem_one_min_inv, mem_r_in_tag, mem_rw, mem_sel_mem, mem_sel_mov_ia_to_ic, mem_sel_mov_ib_to_ic, mem_sel_op_a, mem_sel_op_b, mem_sel_op_c, mem_sel_op_d, mem_sel_op_poseidon_read_a, mem_sel_op_poseidon_read_b, mem_sel_op_poseidon_read_c, mem_sel_op_poseidon_read_d, mem_sel_op_poseidon_write_a, mem_sel_op_poseidon_write_b, mem_sel_op_poseidon_write_c, mem_sel_op_poseidon_write_d, mem_sel_op_slice, mem_sel_resolve_ind_addr_a, mem_sel_resolve_ind_addr_b, mem_sel_resolve_ind_addr_c, mem_sel_resolve_ind_addr_d, mem_sel_rng_chk, mem_skip_check_tag, mem_space_id, mem_tag, mem_tag_err, mem_tsp, mem_val, mem_w_in_tag, merkle_tree_clk, merkle_tree_expected_tree_root, merkle_tree_latch, merkle_tree_leaf_index, merkle_tree_leaf_index_is_even, merkle_tree_leaf_value, merkle_tree_left_hash, merkle_tree_output_hash, merkle_tree_path_len, merkle_tree_path_len_inv, merkle_tree_right_hash, merkle_tree_sel_merkle_tree, merkle_tree_sibling_value, poseidon2_B_10_0, poseidon2_B_10_1, poseidon2_B_10_2, poseidon2_B_10_3, poseidon2_B_11_0, poseidon2_B_11_1, poseidon2_B_11_2, poseidon2_B_11_3, poseidon2_B_12_0, poseidon2_B_12_1, poseidon2_B_12_2, poseidon2_B_12_3, poseidon2_B_13_0, poseidon2_B_13_1, poseidon2_B_13_2, poseidon2_B_13_3, poseidon2_B_14_0, poseidon2_B_14_1, poseidon2_B_14_2, poseidon2_B_14_3, poseidon2_B_15_0, poseidon2_B_15_1, poseidon2_B_15_2, poseidon2_B_15_3, poseidon2_B_16_0, poseidon2_B_16_1, poseidon2_B_16_2, poseidon2_B_16_3, poseidon2_B_17_0, poseidon2_B_17_1, poseidon2_B_17_2, poseidon2_B_17_3, poseidon2_B_18_0, poseidon2_B_18_1, poseidon2_B_18_2, poseidon2_B_18_3, poseidon2_B_19_0, poseidon2_B_19_1, poseidon2_B_19_2, poseidon2_B_19_3, poseidon2_B_20_0, poseidon2_B_20_1, poseidon2_B_20_2, poseidon2_B_20_3, poseidon2_B_21_0, poseidon2_B_21_1, poseidon2_B_21_2, poseidon2_B_21_3, poseidon2_B_22_0, poseidon2_B_22_1, poseidon2_B_22_2, poseidon2_B_22_3, poseidon2_B_23_0, poseidon2_B_23_1, poseidon2_B_23_2, poseidon2_B_23_3, poseidon2_B_24_0, poseidon2_B_24_1, poseidon2_B_24_2, poseidon2_B_24_3, poseidon2_B_25_0, poseidon2_B_25_1, poseidon2_B_25_2, poseidon2_B_25_3, poseidon2_B_26_0, poseidon2_B_26_1, poseidon2_B_26_2, poseidon2_B_26_3, poseidon2_B_27_0, poseidon2_B_27_1, poseidon2_B_27_2, poseidon2_B_27_3, poseidon2_B_28_0, poseidon2_B_28_1, poseidon2_B_28_2, poseidon2_B_28_3, poseidon2_B_29_0, poseidon2_B_29_1, poseidon2_B_29_2, poseidon2_B_29_3, poseidon2_B_30_0, poseidon2_B_30_1, poseidon2_B_30_2, poseidon2_B_30_3, poseidon2_B_31_0, poseidon2_B_31_1, poseidon2_B_31_2, poseidon2_B_31_3, poseidon2_B_32_0, poseidon2_B_32_1, poseidon2_B_32_2, poseidon2_B_32_3, poseidon2_B_33_0, poseidon2_B_33_1, poseidon2_B_33_2, poseidon2_B_33_3, poseidon2_B_34_0, poseidon2_B_34_1, poseidon2_B_34_2, poseidon2_B_34_3, poseidon2_B_35_0, poseidon2_B_35_1, poseidon2_B_35_2, poseidon2_B_35_3, poseidon2_B_36_0, poseidon2_B_36_1, poseidon2_B_36_2, poseidon2_B_36_3, poseidon2_B_37_0, poseidon2_B_37_1, poseidon2_B_37_2, poseidon2_B_37_3, poseidon2_B_38_0, poseidon2_B_38_1, poseidon2_B_38_2, poseidon2_B_38_3, poseidon2_B_39_0, poseidon2_B_39_1, poseidon2_B_39_2, poseidon2_B_39_3, poseidon2_B_40_0, poseidon2_B_40_1, poseidon2_B_40_2, poseidon2_B_40_3, poseidon2_B_41_0, poseidon2_B_41_1, poseidon2_B_41_2, poseidon2_B_41_3, poseidon2_B_42_0, poseidon2_B_42_1, poseidon2_B_42_2, poseidon2_B_42_3, poseidon2_B_43_0, poseidon2_B_43_1, poseidon2_B_43_2, poseidon2_B_43_3, poseidon2_B_44_0, poseidon2_B_44_1, poseidon2_B_44_2, poseidon2_B_44_3, poseidon2_B_45_0, poseidon2_B_45_1, poseidon2_B_45_2, poseidon2_B_45_3, poseidon2_B_46_0, poseidon2_B_46_1, poseidon2_B_46_2, poseidon2_B_46_3, poseidon2_B_47_0, poseidon2_B_47_1, poseidon2_B_47_2, poseidon2_B_47_3, poseidon2_B_48_0, poseidon2_B_48_1, poseidon2_B_48_2, poseidon2_B_48_3, poseidon2_B_49_0, poseidon2_B_49_1, poseidon2_B_49_2, poseidon2_B_49_3, poseidon2_B_4_0, poseidon2_B_4_1, poseidon2_B_4_2, poseidon2_B_4_3, poseidon2_B_50_0, poseidon2_B_50_1, poseidon2_B_50_2, poseidon2_B_50_3, poseidon2_B_51_0, poseidon2_B_51_1, poseidon2_B_51_2, poseidon2_B_51_3, poseidon2_B_52_0, poseidon2_B_52_1, poseidon2_B_52_2, poseidon2_B_52_3, poseidon2_B_53_0, poseidon2_B_53_1, poseidon2_B_53_2, poseidon2_B_53_3, poseidon2_B_54_0, poseidon2_B_54_1, poseidon2_B_54_2, poseidon2_B_54_3, poseidon2_B_55_0, poseidon2_B_55_1, poseidon2_B_55_2, poseidon2_B_55_3, poseidon2_B_56_0, poseidon2_B_56_1, poseidon2_B_56_2, poseidon2_B_56_3, poseidon2_B_57_0, poseidon2_B_57_1, poseidon2_B_57_2, poseidon2_B_57_3, poseidon2_B_58_0, poseidon2_B_58_1, poseidon2_B_58_2, poseidon2_B_58_3, poseidon2_B_59_0, poseidon2_B_59_1, poseidon2_B_59_2, poseidon2_B_59_3, poseidon2_B_5_0, poseidon2_B_5_1, poseidon2_B_5_2, poseidon2_B_5_3, poseidon2_B_6_0, poseidon2_B_6_1, poseidon2_B_6_2, poseidon2_B_6_3, poseidon2_B_7_0, poseidon2_B_7_1, poseidon2_B_7_2, poseidon2_B_7_3, poseidon2_B_8_0, poseidon2_B_8_1, poseidon2_B_8_2, poseidon2_B_8_3, poseidon2_B_9_0, poseidon2_B_9_1, poseidon2_B_9_2, poseidon2_B_9_3, poseidon2_EXT_LAYER_4, poseidon2_EXT_LAYER_5, poseidon2_EXT_LAYER_6, poseidon2_EXT_LAYER_7, poseidon2_T_0_4, poseidon2_T_0_5, poseidon2_T_0_6, poseidon2_T_0_7, poseidon2_T_1_4, poseidon2_T_1_5, poseidon2_T_1_6, poseidon2_T_1_7, poseidon2_T_2_4, poseidon2_T_2_5, poseidon2_T_2_6, poseidon2_T_2_7, poseidon2_T_3_4, poseidon2_T_3_5, poseidon2_T_3_6, poseidon2_T_3_7, poseidon2_T_60_4, poseidon2_T_60_5, poseidon2_T_60_6, poseidon2_T_60_7, poseidon2_T_61_4, poseidon2_T_61_5, poseidon2_T_61_6, poseidon2_T_61_7, poseidon2_T_62_4, poseidon2_T_62_5, poseidon2_T_62_6, poseidon2_T_62_7, poseidon2_T_63_4, poseidon2_T_63_5, poseidon2_T_63_6, poseidon2_T_63_7, poseidon2_a_0, poseidon2_a_1, poseidon2_a_2, poseidon2_a_3, poseidon2_b_0, poseidon2_b_1, poseidon2_b_2, poseidon2_b_3, poseidon2_clk, poseidon2_full_a_0, poseidon2_full_a_1, poseidon2_full_a_2, poseidon2_full_a_3, poseidon2_full_b_0, poseidon2_full_b_1, poseidon2_full_b_2, poseidon2_full_b_3, poseidon2_full_clk, poseidon2_full_end_poseidon, poseidon2_full_execute_poseidon_perm, poseidon2_full_input_0, poseidon2_full_input_1, poseidon2_full_input_2, poseidon2_full_input_len, poseidon2_full_num_perm_rounds_rem, poseidon2_full_num_perm_rounds_rem_inv, poseidon2_full_output, poseidon2_full_padding, poseidon2_full_sel_merkle_tree, poseidon2_full_sel_poseidon, poseidon2_full_start_poseidon, poseidon2_input_addr, poseidon2_mem_addr_read_a, poseidon2_mem_addr_read_b, poseidon2_mem_addr_read_c, poseidon2_mem_addr_read_d, poseidon2_mem_addr_write_a, poseidon2_mem_addr_write_b, poseidon2_mem_addr_write_c, poseidon2_mem_addr_write_d, poseidon2_output_addr, poseidon2_sel_poseidon_perm, poseidon2_sel_poseidon_perm_immediate, poseidon2_sel_poseidon_perm_mem_op, poseidon2_space_id, range_check_alu_rng_chk, range_check_clk, range_check_cmp_hi_bits_rng_chk, range_check_cmp_lo_bits_rng_chk, range_check_dyn_diff, range_check_dyn_rng_chk_bits, range_check_dyn_rng_chk_pow_2, range_check_gas_da_rng_chk, range_check_gas_l2_rng_chk, range_check_is_lte_u112, range_check_is_lte_u128, range_check_is_lte_u16, range_check_is_lte_u32, range_check_is_lte_u48, range_check_is_lte_u64, range_check_is_lte_u80, range_check_is_lte_u96, range_check_mem_rng_chk, range_check_rng_chk_bits, range_check_sel_lookup_0, range_check_sel_lookup_1, range_check_sel_lookup_2, range_check_sel_lookup_3, range_check_sel_lookup_4, range_check_sel_lookup_5, range_check_sel_lookup_6, range_check_sel_rng_chk, range_check_u16_r0, range_check_u16_r1, range_check_u16_r2, range_check_u16_r3, range_check_u16_r4, range_check_u16_r5, range_check_u16_r6, range_check_u16_r7, range_check_value, sha256_clk, sha256_input, sha256_output, sha256_sel_sha256_compression, sha256_state, slice_addr, slice_clk, slice_cnt, slice_col_offset, slice_one_min_inv, slice_sel_cd_cpy, slice_sel_mem_active, slice_sel_return, slice_sel_start, slice_space_id, slice_val, lookup_rng_chk_pow_2_counts, lookup_rng_chk_diff_counts, lookup_rng_chk_0_counts, lookup_rng_chk_1_counts, lookup_rng_chk_2_counts, lookup_rng_chk_3_counts, lookup_rng_chk_4_counts, lookup_rng_chk_5_counts, lookup_rng_chk_6_counts, lookup_rng_chk_7_counts, lookup_pow_2_0_counts, lookup_pow_2_1_counts, lookup_byte_lengths_counts, lookup_byte_operations_counts, lookup_opcode_gas_counts, kernel_output_lookup_counts, lookup_into_kernel_counts, lookup_cd_value_counts, lookup_ret_value_counts, incl_main_tag_err_counts, incl_mem_tag_err_counts
 #define DERIVED_WITNESS_ENTITIES perm_rng_mem_inv, perm_rng_cmp_lo_inv, perm_rng_cmp_hi_inv, perm_rng_alu_inv, perm_cmp_alu_inv, perm_rng_gas_l2_inv, perm_rng_gas_da_inv, perm_l2_start_gas_inv, perm_da_start_gas_inv, perm_l2_end_gas_inv, perm_da_end_gas_inv, perm_pos_mem_read_a_inv, perm_pos_mem_read_b_inv, perm_pos_mem_read_c_inv, perm_pos_mem_read_d_inv, perm_pos_mem_write_a_inv, perm_pos_mem_write_b_inv, perm_pos_mem_write_c_inv, perm_pos_mem_write_d_inv, perm_pos2_fixed_pos2_perm_inv, perm_slice_mem_inv, perm_merkle_poseidon2_inv, perm_main_alu_inv, perm_main_bin_inv, perm_main_conv_inv, perm_main_sha256_inv, perm_main_pos2_perm_inv, perm_main_slice_inv, perm_main_mem_a_inv, perm_main_mem_b_inv, perm_main_mem_c_inv, perm_main_mem_d_inv, perm_main_mem_ind_addr_a_inv, perm_main_mem_ind_addr_b_inv, perm_main_mem_ind_addr_c_inv, perm_main_mem_ind_addr_d_inv, lookup_rng_chk_pow_2_inv, lookup_rng_chk_diff_inv, lookup_rng_chk_0_inv, lookup_rng_chk_1_inv, lookup_rng_chk_2_inv, lookup_rng_chk_3_inv, lookup_rng_chk_4_inv, lookup_rng_chk_5_inv, lookup_rng_chk_6_inv, lookup_rng_chk_7_inv, lookup_pow_2_0_inv, lookup_pow_2_1_inv, lookup_byte_lengths_inv, lookup_byte_operations_inv, lookup_opcode_gas_inv, kernel_output_lookup_inv, lookup_into_kernel_inv, lookup_cd_value_inv, lookup_ret_value_inv, incl_main_tag_err_inv, incl_mem_tag_err_inv
 #define SHIFTED_ENTITIES binary_acc_ia_shift, binary_acc_ib_shift, binary_acc_ic_shift, binary_mem_tag_ctr_shift, binary_op_id_shift, cmp_a_hi_shift, cmp_a_lo_shift, cmp_b_hi_shift, cmp_b_lo_shift, cmp_cmp_rng_ctr_shift, cmp_op_gt_shift, cmp_p_sub_a_hi_shift, cmp_p_sub_a_lo_shift, cmp_p_sub_b_hi_shift, cmp_p_sub_b_lo_shift, cmp_sel_rng_chk_shift, main_da_gas_remaining_shift, main_emit_l2_to_l1_msg_write_offset_shift, main_emit_note_hash_write_offset_shift, main_emit_nullifier_write_offset_shift, main_emit_unencrypted_log_write_offset_shift, main_internal_return_ptr_shift, main_l1_to_l2_msg_exists_write_offset_shift, main_l2_gas_remaining_shift, main_note_hash_exist_write_offset_shift, main_nullifier_exists_write_offset_shift, main_nullifier_non_exists_write_offset_shift, main_pc_shift, main_sel_execution_end_shift, main_sel_execution_row_shift, main_sload_write_offset_shift, main_sstore_write_offset_shift, mem_glob_addr_shift, mem_rw_shift, mem_sel_mem_shift, mem_tag_shift, mem_tsp_shift, mem_val_shift, merkle_tree_leaf_index_shift, merkle_tree_leaf_value_shift, merkle_tree_path_len_shift, poseidon2_full_a_0_shift, poseidon2_full_a_1_shift, poseidon2_full_a_2_shift, poseidon2_full_a_3_shift, poseidon2_full_execute_poseidon_perm_shift, poseidon2_full_input_0_shift, poseidon2_full_input_1_shift, poseidon2_full_input_2_shift, poseidon2_full_num_perm_rounds_rem_shift, poseidon2_full_sel_poseidon_shift, poseidon2_full_start_poseidon_shift, slice_addr_shift, slice_clk_shift, slice_cnt_shift, slice_col_offset_shift, slice_sel_cd_cpy_shift, slice_sel_mem_active_shift, slice_sel_return_shift, slice_sel_start_shift, slice_space_id_shift
 #define TO_BE_SHIFTED(e) e.binary_acc_ia, e.binary_acc_ib, e.binary_acc_ic, e.binary_mem_tag_ctr, e.binary_op_id, e.cmp_a_hi, e.cmp_a_lo, e.cmp_b_hi, e.cmp_b_lo, e.cmp_cmp_rng_ctr, e.cmp_op_gt, e.cmp_p_sub_a_hi, e.cmp_p_sub_a_lo, e.cmp_p_sub_b_hi, e.cmp_p_sub_b_lo, e.cmp_sel_rng_chk, e.main_da_gas_remaining, e.main_emit_l2_to_l1_msg_write_offset, e.main_emit_note_hash_write_offset, e.main_emit_nullifier_write_offset, e.main_emit_unencrypted_log_write_offset, e.main_internal_return_ptr, e.main_l1_to_l2_msg_exists_write_offset, e.main_l2_gas_remaining, e.main_note_hash_exist_write_offset, e.main_nullifier_exists_write_offset, e.main_nullifier_non_exists_write_offset, e.main_pc, e.main_sel_execution_end, e.main_sel_execution_row, e.main_sload_write_offset, e.main_sstore_write_offset, e.mem_glob_addr, e.mem_rw, e.mem_sel_mem, e.mem_tag, e.mem_tsp, e.mem_val, e.merkle_tree_leaf_index, e.merkle_tree_leaf_value, e.merkle_tree_path_len, e.poseidon2_full_a_0, e.poseidon2_full_a_1, e.poseidon2_full_a_2, e.poseidon2_full_a_3, e.poseidon2_full_execute_poseidon_perm, e.poseidon2_full_input_0, e.poseidon2_full_input_1, e.poseidon2_full_input_2, e.poseidon2_full_num_perm_rounds_rem, e.poseidon2_full_sel_poseidon, e.poseidon2_full_start_poseidon, e.slice_addr, e.slice_clk, e.slice_cnt, e.slice_col_offset, e.slice_sel_cd_cpy, e.slice_sel_mem_active, e.slice_sel_return, e.slice_sel_start, e.slice_space_id
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/full_row.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/full_row.cpp
index 9dfd8f3c58f..084579138ed 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/full_row.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/full_row.cpp
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ template <typename FF> std::vector<std::string> AvmFullRow<FF>::names()
              "conversion_num_limbs",
              "conversion_output_bits",
              "conversion_radix",
-             "conversion_sel_to_radix_le",
+             "conversion_sel_to_radix_be",
              "keccakf1600_clk",
              "keccakf1600_input",
              "keccakf1600_output",
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ template <typename FF> std::vector<std::string> AvmFullRow<FF>::names()
              "main_sel_op_nullifier_exists",
              "main_sel_op_or",
              "main_sel_op_poseidon2",
-             "main_sel_op_radix_le",
+             "main_sel_op_radix_be",
              "main_sel_op_sender",
              "main_sel_op_set",
              "main_sel_op_sha256",
@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ template <typename FF> RefVector<const FF> AvmFullRow<FF>::as_vector() const
         conversion_num_limbs,
         conversion_output_bits,
         conversion_radix,
-        conversion_sel_to_radix_le,
+        conversion_sel_to_radix_be,
         keccakf1600_clk,
         keccakf1600_input,
         keccakf1600_output,
@@ -1037,7 +1037,7 @@ template <typename FF> RefVector<const FF> AvmFullRow<FF>::as_vector() const
         main_sel_op_nullifier_exists,
         main_sel_op_or,
         main_sel_op_poseidon2,
-        main_sel_op_radix_le,
+        main_sel_op_radix_be,
         main_sel_op_sender,
         main_sel_op_set,
         main_sel_op_sha256,
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/full_row.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/full_row.hpp
index a2ec47914be..b2cb3b0782f 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/full_row.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/full_row.hpp
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ template <typename FF> struct AvmFullRow {
     FF conversion_num_limbs{};
     FF conversion_output_bits{};
     FF conversion_radix{};
-    FF conversion_sel_to_radix_le{};
+    FF conversion_sel_to_radix_be{};
     FF keccakf1600_clk{};
     FF keccakf1600_input{};
     FF keccakf1600_output{};
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ template <typename FF> struct AvmFullRow {
     FF main_sel_op_nullifier_exists{};
     FF main_sel_op_or{};
     FF main_sel_op_poseidon2{};
-    FF main_sel_op_radix_le{};
+    FF main_sel_op_radix_be{};
     FF main_sel_op_sender{};
     FF main_sel_op_set{};
     FF main_sel_op_sha256{};
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/conversion.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/conversion.hpp
index ec82a7624ae..e39957ed8bb 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/conversion.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/conversion.hpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ template <typename FF_> class conversionImpl {
 
         {
             using Accumulator = typename std::tuple_element_t<0, ContainerOverSubrelations>;
-            auto tmp = (new_term.conversion_sel_to_radix_le * (FF(1) - new_term.conversion_sel_to_radix_le));
+            auto tmp = (new_term.conversion_sel_to_radix_be * (FF(1) - new_term.conversion_sel_to_radix_be));
             tmp *= scaling_factor;
             std::get<0>(evals) += typename Accumulator::View(tmp);
         }
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/main.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/main.hpp
index 91cc7ded614..108623ff265 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/main.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/main.hpp
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ template <typename FF_> class mainImpl {
         const auto main_SEL_ALL_BINARY =
             ((new_term.main_sel_op_and + new_term.main_sel_op_or) + new_term.main_sel_op_xor);
         const auto main_SEL_ALL_GADGET =
-            (((((new_term.main_sel_op_radix_le + new_term.main_sel_op_sha256) + new_term.main_sel_op_poseidon2) +
+            (((((new_term.main_sel_op_radix_be + new_term.main_sel_op_sha256) + new_term.main_sel_op_poseidon2) +
                new_term.main_sel_op_keccak) +
               new_term.main_sel_op_ecadd) +
              new_term.main_sel_op_msm);
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ template <typename FF_> class mainImpl {
         }
         {
             using Accumulator = typename std::tuple_element_t<26, ContainerOverSubrelations>;
-            auto tmp = (new_term.main_sel_op_radix_le * (FF(1) - new_term.main_sel_op_radix_le));
+            auto tmp = (new_term.main_sel_op_radix_be * (FF(1) - new_term.main_sel_op_radix_be));
             tmp *= scaling_factor;
             std::get<26>(evals) += typename Accumulator::View(tmp);
         }
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/perm_main_conv.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/perm_main_conv.hpp
index a97b8c1a046..de82abea0a5 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/perm_main_conv.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/generated/relations/perm_main_conv.hpp
@@ -15,15 +15,15 @@ class perm_main_conv_permutation_settings {
 
     template <typename AllEntities> static inline auto inverse_polynomial_is_computed_at_row(const AllEntities& in)
     {
-        return (in.main_sel_op_radix_le == 1 || in.conversion_sel_to_radix_le == 1);
+        return (in.main_sel_op_radix_be == 1 || in.conversion_sel_to_radix_be == 1);
     }
 
     template <typename AllEntities> static inline auto get_const_entities(const AllEntities& in)
     {
         return std::forward_as_tuple(in.perm_main_conv_inv,
-                                     in.main_sel_op_radix_le,
-                                     in.main_sel_op_radix_le,
-                                     in.conversion_sel_to_radix_le,
+                                     in.main_sel_op_radix_be,
+                                     in.main_sel_op_radix_be,
+                                     in.conversion_sel_to_radix_be,
                                      in.main_clk,
                                      in.main_ia,
                                      in.main_ib,
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ class perm_main_conv_permutation_settings {
     template <typename AllEntities> static inline auto get_nonconst_entities(AllEntities& in)
     {
         return std::forward_as_tuple(in.perm_main_conv_inv,
-                                     in.main_sel_op_radix_le,
-                                     in.main_sel_op_radix_le,
-                                     in.conversion_sel_to_radix_le,
+                                     in.main_sel_op_radix_be,
+                                     in.main_sel_op_radix_be,
+                                     in.conversion_sel_to_radix_be,
                                      in.main_clk,
                                      in.main_ia,
                                      in.main_ib,
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/tests/execution.test.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/tests/execution.test.cpp
index ffa6c4f0c62..ccf0646e049 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/tests/execution.test.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/tests/execution.test.cpp
@@ -760,8 +760,8 @@ TEST_F(AvmExecutionTests, setAndCastOpcodes)
     validate_trace(std::move(trace), public_inputs);
 }
 
-// Positive test with TO_RADIX_LE.
-TEST_F(AvmExecutionTests, toRadixLeOpcode)
+// Positive test with TO_RADIX_BE.
+TEST_F(AvmExecutionTests, toRadixBeOpcodeBytes)
 {
     std::string bytecode_hex = to_hex(OpCode::SET_8) + // opcode SET
                                "00"                    // Indirect flag
@@ -793,7 +793,7 @@ TEST_F(AvmExecutionTests, toRadixLeOpcode)
                                + to_hex(AvmMemoryTag::U32) +
                                "02"                          // value 2 (i.e. radix 2 - perform bitwise decomposition)
                                "80"                          // radix_offset 80
-                               + to_hex(OpCode::TORADIXLE) + // opcode TO_RADIX_LE
+                               + to_hex(OpCode::TORADIXBE) + // opcode TO_RADIX_BE
                                "03"                          // Indirect flag
                                "0011"                        // src_offset 17 (indirect)
                                "0015"                        // dst_offset 21 (indirect)
@@ -814,21 +814,23 @@ TEST_F(AvmExecutionTests, toRadixLeOpcode)
     auto trace =
         gen_trace(bytecode, std::vector<FF>{ FF::modulus - FF(1) }, public_inputs_vec, returndata, execution_hints);
 
-    // Find the first row enabling the TORADIXLE selector
+    // Find the first row enabling the TORADIXBE selector
     // Expected output is bitwise decomposition of MODULUS - 1..could hardcode the result but it's a bit long
-    std::vector<FF> expected_output;
+    size_t num_limbs = 256;
+    std::vector<FF> expected_output(num_limbs);
     // Extract each bit.
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_limbs; i++) {
+        auto byte_index = num_limbs - i - 1;
         FF expected_limb = (FF::modulus - 1) >> i & 1;
-        expected_output.emplace_back(expected_limb);
+        expected_output[byte_index] = expected_limb;
     }
     EXPECT_EQ(returndata, expected_output);
 
     validate_trace(std::move(trace), public_inputs, { FF::modulus - FF(1) }, returndata);
 }
 
-// Positive test with TO_RADIX_LE.
-TEST_F(AvmExecutionTests, toRadixLeOpcodeBitsMode)
+// Positive test with TO_RADIX_BE.
+TEST_F(AvmExecutionTests, toRadixBeOpcodeBitsMode)
 {
     std::string bytecode_hex = to_hex(OpCode::SET_8) + // opcode SET
                                "00"                    // Indirect flag
@@ -860,7 +862,7 @@ TEST_F(AvmExecutionTests, toRadixLeOpcodeBitsMode)
                                + to_hex(AvmMemoryTag::U32) +
                                "02"                          // value 2 (i.e. radix 2 - perform bitwise decomposition)
                                "80"                          // radix_offset 80
-                               + to_hex(OpCode::TORADIXLE) + // opcode TO_RADIX_LE
+                               + to_hex(OpCode::TORADIXBE) + // opcode TO_RADIX_BE
                                "03"                          // Indirect flag
                                "0011"                        // src_offset 17 (indirect)
                                "0015"                        // dst_offset 21 (indirect)
@@ -881,13 +883,15 @@ TEST_F(AvmExecutionTests, toRadixLeOpcodeBitsMode)
     auto trace =
         gen_trace(bytecode, std::vector<FF>{ FF::modulus - FF(1) }, public_inputs_vec, returndata, execution_hints);
 
-    // Find the first row enabling the TORADIXLE selector
+    // Find the first row enabling the TORADIXBE selector
     // Expected output is bitwise decomposition of MODULUS - 1..could hardcode the result but it's a bit long
-    std::vector<FF> expected_output;
+    size_t num_limbs = 256;
+    std::vector<FF> expected_output(num_limbs);
     // Extract each bit.
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_limbs; i++) {
+        auto byte_index = num_limbs - i - 1;
         FF expected_limb = (FF::modulus - 1) >> i & 1;
-        expected_output.emplace_back(expected_limb);
+        expected_output[byte_index] = expected_limb;
     }
     EXPECT_EQ(returndata, expected_output);
 
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/deserialization.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/deserialization.cpp
index 779eb0c21e8..ca6ab5e3dc4 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/deserialization.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/deserialization.cpp
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ const std::unordered_map<OpCode, std::vector<OperandType>> OPCODE_WIRE_FORMAT =
     { OpCode::MSM,
       { OperandType::INDIRECT8, OperandType::UINT16, OperandType::UINT16, OperandType::UINT16, OperandType::UINT16 } },
     // Gadget - Conversion
-    { OpCode::TORADIXLE,
+    { OpCode::TORADIXBE,
       { OperandType::INDIRECT8,
         OperandType::UINT16,
         OperandType::UINT16,
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/execution.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/execution.cpp
index ce4ecf72b2f..77e159673f2 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/execution.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/execution.cpp
@@ -723,8 +723,8 @@ std::vector<Row> Execution::gen_trace(std::vector<FF> const& calldata,
             break;
 
             // Conversions
-        case OpCode::TORADIXLE:
-            trace_builder.op_to_radix_le(std::get<uint8_t>(inst.operands.at(0)),
+        case OpCode::TORADIXBE:
+            trace_builder.op_to_radix_be(std::get<uint8_t>(inst.operands.at(0)),
                                          std::get<uint16_t>(inst.operands.at(1)),
                                          std::get<uint16_t>(inst.operands.at(2)),
                                          std::get<uint16_t>(inst.operands.at(3)),
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/fixed_gas.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/fixed_gas.cpp
index d64c7f3e310..edb550f2b15 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/fixed_gas.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/fixed_gas.cpp
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ const std::unordered_map<OpCode, FixedGasTable::GasRow> GAS_COST_TABLE = {
     { OpCode::KECCAKF1600, make_cost(AVM_KECCAKF1600_BASE_L2_GAS, 0, 0, 0) },
     { OpCode::ECADD, make_cost(AVM_ECADD_BASE_L2_GAS, 0, 0, 0) },
     { OpCode::MSM, make_cost(AVM_MSM_BASE_L2_GAS, 0, AVM_MSM_DYN_L2_GAS, 0) },
-    { OpCode::TORADIXLE, make_cost(AVM_TORADIXLE_BASE_L2_GAS, 0, AVM_TORADIXLE_DYN_L2_GAS, 0) },
+    { OpCode::TORADIXBE, make_cost(AVM_TORADIXBE_BASE_L2_GAS, 0, AVM_TORADIXBE_DYN_L2_GAS, 0) },
 };
 
 } // namespace
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/fixed_gas.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/fixed_gas.hpp
index b91cbf6a598..d157c458bfd 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/fixed_gas.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/fixed_gas.hpp
@@ -39,4 +39,4 @@ template <typename DestRow> void merge_into(DestRow& dest, FixedGasTable::GasRow
     dest.gas_dyn_da_gas_fixed_table = src.dyn_da_gas_fixed_table;
 }
 
-} // namespace bb::avm_trace
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace bb::avm_trace
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/gadgets/conversion_trace.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/gadgets/conversion_trace.cpp
index 07a4320ec9c..2d855610bed 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/gadgets/conversion_trace.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/gadgets/conversion_trace.cpp
@@ -14,39 +14,42 @@ void AvmConversionTraceBuilder::reset()
 }
 
 /**
- * @brief Build conversion trace and compute the result of a TO_RADIX_LE operation.
+ * @brief Build conversion trace and compute the result of a TO_RADIX_BE operation.
  *        This operation is only valid for the FF instr_tag and always returns a byte array
  *
- * @param a First operand of the TO_RADIX_LE, the value to be converted
+ * @param a First operand of the TO_RADIX_BE, the value to be converted
  * @param radix The upper bound for each limbm 0 <= limb < radix
  * @param num_limbs The number of limbs to the value into.
  * @param output_bits Should the output be U1s instead of U8s?
  * @param clk Clock referring to the operation in the main trace.
  *
- * @return std::vector<uint8_t> The LE converted values stored as bytes or bits.
+ * @return std::vector<uint8_t> The BE converted values stored as bytes or bits.
  */
-std::vector<uint8_t> AvmConversionTraceBuilder::op_to_radix_le(
+std::vector<uint8_t> AvmConversionTraceBuilder::op_to_radix_be(
     FF const& a, uint32_t radix, uint32_t num_limbs, uint8_t output_bits, uint32_t clk)
 {
+    // TODO: constraints for these assertions
+    ASSERT(num_limbs > 0);
     ASSERT(radix <= 256); // should never reach here because main trace won't call with bad radix
 
     auto a_uint256 = uint256_t(a);
     auto radix_uint256 = uint256_t(radix);
 
-    std::vector<uint8_t> bytes_or_bits;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> bytes_or_bits(num_limbs);
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num_limbs; i++) {
+        auto byte_index = num_limbs - i - 1;
         auto limb = a_uint256 % radix_uint256;
         if (output_bits > 0) {
-            bytes_or_bits.emplace_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(limb == 0 ? 0 : 1));
+            bytes_or_bits[byte_index] = static_cast<uint8_t>(limb == 0 ? 0 : 1);
         } else {
-            bytes_or_bits.emplace_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(limb));
+            bytes_or_bits[byte_index] = static_cast<uint8_t>(limb);
         }
         a_uint256 /= radix_uint256;
     }
 
     conversion_trace.emplace_back(ConversionTraceEntry{
         .conversion_clk = clk,
-        .to_radix_le_sel = true,
+        .to_radix_be_sel = true,
         .input = a,
         .radix = radix,
         .num_limbs = num_limbs,
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/gadgets/conversion_trace.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/gadgets/conversion_trace.hpp
index cf0ac4723bf..84cb3ea299a 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/gadgets/conversion_trace.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/gadgets/conversion_trace.hpp
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class AvmConversionTraceBuilder {
   public:
     struct ConversionTraceEntry {
         uint32_t conversion_clk = 0;
-        bool to_radix_le_sel = false;
+        bool to_radix_be_sel = false;
         FF input{};
         uint32_t radix = 0;
         uint32_t num_limbs = 0;
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class AvmConversionTraceBuilder {
     // Finalize the trace
     std::vector<ConversionTraceEntry> finalize();
 
-    std::vector<uint8_t> op_to_radix_le(
+    std::vector<uint8_t> op_to_radix_be(
         FF const& a, uint32_t radix, uint32_t num_limbs, uint8_t output_bits, uint32_t clk);
 
   private:
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/opcode.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/opcode.cpp
index 2d9348eff83..d247fca4661 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/opcode.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/opcode.cpp
@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ std::string to_string(OpCode opcode)
     case OpCode::MSM:
         return "MSM";
     // Conversions
-    case OpCode::TORADIXLE:
-        return "TORADIXLE";
+    case OpCode::TORADIXBE:
+        return "TORADIXBE";
     // Sentinel
     case OpCode::LAST_OPCODE_SENTINEL:
         return "LAST_OPCODE_SENTINEL";
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/opcode.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/opcode.hpp
index b0c5efd9a84..917e2c16c4a 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/opcode.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/opcode.hpp
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ enum class OpCode : uint8_t {
     ECADD,
     MSM,
     // Conversions
-    TORADIXLE,
+    TORADIXBE,
 
     // Sentinel
     LAST_OPCODE_SENTINEL,
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/trace.cpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/trace.cpp
index 7b4ee622f76..404ca05c20a 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/trace.cpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/trace.cpp
@@ -3288,17 +3288,17 @@ void AvmTraceBuilder::op_variable_msm(uint8_t indirect,
  **************************************************************************************************/
 
 /**
- * @brief To_Radix_LE with direct or indirect memory access.
+ * @brief To_Radix_BE with direct or indirect memory access.
  *
  * @param indirect A byte encoding information about indirect/direct memory access.
- * @param src_offset An index in memory pointing to the input of the To_Radix_LE conversion.
- * @param dst_offset An index in memory pointing to the output of the To_Radix_LE conversion.
+ * @param src_offset An index in memory pointing to the input of the To_Radix_BE conversion.
+ * @param dst_offset An index in memory pointing to the output of the To_Radix_BE conversion.
  * @param radix_offset An index in memory pointing to the strict upper bound of each converted limb, i.e., 0 <= limb <
  * radix.
  * @param num_limbs The number of limbs to the value into.
  * @param output_bits Should the output be U1s instead of U8s?
  */
-void AvmTraceBuilder::op_to_radix_le(uint8_t indirect,
+void AvmTraceBuilder::op_to_radix_be(uint8_t indirect,
                                      uint32_t src_offset,
                                      uint32_t dst_offset,
                                      uint32_t radix_offset,
@@ -3335,12 +3335,12 @@ void AvmTraceBuilder::op_to_radix_le(uint8_t indirect,
     // Therefore, we do not create any entry in gadget table and we return a vector of 0.
     std::vector<uint8_t> res = error
                                    ? std::vector<uint8_t>(num_limbs, 0)
-                                   : conversion_trace_builder.op_to_radix_le(input, radix, num_limbs, output_bits, clk);
+                                   : conversion_trace_builder.op_to_radix_be(input, radix, num_limbs, output_bits, clk);
 
     // Constrain gas cost
-    gas_trace_builder.constrain_gas(clk, OpCode::TORADIXLE, num_limbs);
+    gas_trace_builder.constrain_gas(clk, OpCode::TORADIXBE, num_limbs);
 
-    // This is the row that contains the selector to trigger the sel_op_radix_le
+    // This is the row that contains the selector to trigger the sel_op_radix_be
     // In this row, we read the input value and the destination address into register A and B respectively
     main_trace.push_back(Row{
         .main_clk = clk,
@@ -3362,7 +3362,7 @@ void AvmTraceBuilder::op_to_radix_le(uint8_t indirect,
         .main_sel_mem_op_a = FF(1),
         // TODO(8603): uncomment
         //.main_sel_mem_op_b = FF(1),
-        .main_sel_op_radix_le = FF(1),
+        .main_sel_op_radix_be = FF(1),
         .main_sel_resolve_ind_addr_a = FF(static_cast<uint32_t>(read_src.is_indirect)),
         // TODO(8603): uncomment
         //.main_sel_resolve_ind_addr_b = FF(static_cast<uint32_t>(read_radix.is_indirect)),
@@ -3573,7 +3573,7 @@ std::vector<Row> AvmTraceBuilder::finalize()
     for (size_t i = 0; i < conv_trace_size; i++) {
         auto const& src = conv_trace.at(i);
         auto& dest = main_trace.at(i);
-        dest.conversion_sel_to_radix_le = FF(static_cast<uint8_t>(src.to_radix_le_sel));
+        dest.conversion_sel_to_radix_be = FF(static_cast<uint8_t>(src.to_radix_be_sel));
         dest.conversion_clk = FF(src.conversion_clk);
         dest.conversion_input = src.input;
         dest.conversion_radix = FF(src.radix);
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/trace.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/trace.hpp
index 715e5a22ead..eda154a4c5f 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/trace.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/avm/trace/trace.hpp
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ class AvmTraceBuilder {
                          uint32_t output_offset,
                          uint32_t point_length_offset);
     // Conversions
-    void op_to_radix_le(uint8_t indirect,
+    void op_to_radix_be(uint8_t indirect,
                         uint32_t src_offset,
                         uint32_t dst_offset,
                         uint32_t radix_offset,
diff --git a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/aztec_constants.hpp b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/aztec_constants.hpp
index 8a458a14e07..72f7b269c01 100644
--- a/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/aztec_constants.hpp
+++ b/barretenberg/cpp/src/barretenberg/vm/aztec_constants.hpp
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
 #define AVM_KECCAKF1600_BASE_L2_GAS 300
 #define AVM_ECADD_BASE_L2_GAS 62
 #define AVM_MSM_BASE_L2_GAS 1000
-#define AVM_TORADIXLE_BASE_L2_GAS 46
+#define AVM_TORADIXBE_BASE_L2_GAS 46
 #define AVM_CALLDATACOPY_DYN_L2_GAS 6
 #define AVM_EMITUNENCRYPTEDLOG_DYN_L2_GAS 146
 #define AVM_CALL_DYN_L2_GAS 4
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
 #define AVM_RETURN_DYN_L2_GAS 6
 #define AVM_REVERT_DYN_L2_GAS 6
 #define AVM_MSM_DYN_L2_GAS 100
-#define AVM_TORADIXLE_DYN_L2_GAS 20
+#define AVM_TORADIXBE_DYN_L2_GAS 20
 #define AVM_SSTORE_BASE_DA_GAS 512
 #define AVM_EMITNOTEHASH_BASE_DA_GAS 512
 #define AVM_EMITNULLIFIER_BASE_DA_GAS 512
diff --git a/noir-projects/noir-protocol-circuits/crates/types/src/constants.nr b/noir-projects/noir-protocol-circuits/crates/types/src/constants.nr
index 2854cfd0068..1e61784737f 100644
--- a/noir-projects/noir-protocol-circuits/crates/types/src/constants.nr
+++ b/noir-projects/noir-protocol-circuits/crates/types/src/constants.nr
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ global AVM_SHA256COMPRESSION_BASE_L2_GAS: u32 = 261;
 global AVM_KECCAKF1600_BASE_L2_GAS: u32 = 300;
 global AVM_ECADD_BASE_L2_GAS: u32 = 62;
 global AVM_MSM_BASE_L2_GAS: u32 = 1000;
-global AVM_TORADIXLE_BASE_L2_GAS: u32 = 46;
+global AVM_TORADIXBE_BASE_L2_GAS: u32 = 46;
 
 // Dynamic L2 GAS
 global AVM_CALLDATACOPY_DYN_L2_GAS: u32 = 6;
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ global AVM_STATICCALL_DYN_L2_GAS: u32 = 4;
 global AVM_RETURN_DYN_L2_GAS: u32 = 6;
 global AVM_REVERT_DYN_L2_GAS: u32 = 6;
 global AVM_MSM_DYN_L2_GAS: u32 = 100;
-global AVM_TORADIXLE_DYN_L2_GAS: u32 = 20;
+global AVM_TORADIXBE_DYN_L2_GAS: u32 = 20;
 
 // Base DA Gas
 global AVM_SSTORE_BASE_DA_GAS: u32 = DA_BYTES_PER_FIELD * DA_GAS_PER_BYTE;
diff --git a/noir/noir-repo/acvm-repo/brillig_vm/src/black_box.rs b/noir/noir-repo/acvm-repo/brillig_vm/src/black_box.rs
index 04dd85d9324..0d90a4c8502 100644
--- a/noir/noir-repo/acvm-repo/brillig_vm/src/black_box.rs
+++ b/noir/noir-repo/acvm-repo/brillig_vm/src/black_box.rs
@@ -330,18 +330,18 @@ pub(crate) fn evaluate_black_box<F: AcirField, Solver: BlackBoxFunctionSolver<F>
             let mut input = BigUint::from_bytes_be(&input.to_be_bytes());
             let radix = BigUint::from_bytes_be(&radix.to_be_bytes());
 
-            let mut limbs: Vec<MemoryValue<F>> = Vec::with_capacity(output.size);
+            let mut limbs: Vec<MemoryValue<F>> = vec![MemoryValue::default(); output.size];
 
-            for _ in 0..output.size {
+            for i in (0..output.size).rev() {
                 let limb = &input % &radix;
                 if *output_bits {
-                    limbs.push(MemoryValue::new_integer(
+                    limbs[i] = MemoryValue::new_integer(
                         if limb.is_zero() { 0 } else { 1 },
                         IntegerBitSize::U1,
-                    ));
+                    );
                 } else {
                     let limb: u8 = limb.try_into().unwrap();
-                    limbs.push(MemoryValue::new_integer(limb as u128, IntegerBitSize::U8));
+                    limbs[i] = MemoryValue::new_integer(limb as u128, IntegerBitSize::U8);
                 };
                 input /= &radix;
             }
diff --git a/noir/noir-repo/compiler/noirc_evaluator/src/brillig/brillig_gen/brillig_block.rs b/noir/noir-repo/compiler/noirc_evaluator/src/brillig/brillig_gen/brillig_block.rs
index f3b2f4a9152..42c0d62bacc 100644
--- a/noir/noir-repo/compiler/noirc_evaluator/src/brillig/brillig_gen/brillig_block.rs
+++ b/noir/noir-repo/compiler/noirc_evaluator/src/brillig/brillig_gen/brillig_block.rs
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ impl<'block> BrilligBlock<'block> {
                         source,
                         target_array,
                         radix,
-                        matches!(endianness, Endian::Big),
+                        matches!(endianness, Endian::Little),
                         false,
                     );
                 }
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ impl<'block> BrilligBlock<'block> {
                         source,
                         target_array,
                         two,
-                        matches!(endianness, Endian::Big),
+                        matches!(endianness, Endian::Little),
                         true,
                     );
 
diff --git a/noir/noir-repo/compiler/noirc_evaluator/src/brillig/brillig_ir/codegen_intrinsic.rs b/noir/noir-repo/compiler/noirc_evaluator/src/brillig/brillig_ir/codegen_intrinsic.rs
index 5f4781788f5..ba89823ef13 100644
--- a/noir/noir-repo/compiler/noirc_evaluator/src/brillig/brillig_ir/codegen_intrinsic.rs
+++ b/noir/noir-repo/compiler/noirc_evaluator/src/brillig/brillig_ir/codegen_intrinsic.rs
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ impl<F: AcirField + DebugToString, Registers: RegisterAllocator> BrilligContext<
         source_field: SingleAddrVariable,
         target_array: BrilligArray,
         radix: SingleAddrVariable,
-        big_endian: bool,
+        little_endian: bool,
         output_bits: bool, // If true will generate bit limbs, if false will generate byte limbs
     ) {
         assert!(source_field.bit_size == F::max_num_bits());
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ impl<F: AcirField + DebugToString, Registers: RegisterAllocator> BrilligContext<
 
         let heap_array = self.codegen_brillig_array_to_heap_array(target_array);
 
+        // Perform big-endian ToRadix
         self.black_box_op_instruction(BlackBoxOp::ToRadix {
             input: source_field.address,
             radix: radix.address,
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ impl<F: AcirField + DebugToString, Registers: RegisterAllocator> BrilligContext<
             output_bits,
         });
 
-        if big_endian {
+        if little_endian {
             let items_len = self.make_usize_constant_instruction(target_array.size.into());
             self.codegen_array_reverse(heap_array.pointer, items_len.address);
             self.deallocate_single_addr(items_len);
diff --git a/noir/noir-repo/noir_stdlib/src/hash/sha256.nr b/noir/noir-repo/noir_stdlib/src/hash/sha256.nr
index a3ac0b9e5da..41df099c15d 100644
--- a/noir/noir-repo/noir_stdlib/src/hash/sha256.nr
+++ b/noir/noir-repo/noir_stdlib/src/hash/sha256.nr
@@ -508,9 +508,9 @@ fn hash_final_block(msg_block: MSG_BLOCK, mut state: STATE) -> HASH {
 
     // Return final hash as byte array
     for j in 0..8 {
-        let h_bytes: [u8; 4] = (state[7 - j] as Field).to_le_bytes();
+        let h_bytes: [u8; 4] = (state[j] as Field).to_be_bytes();
         for k in 0..4 {
-            out_h[31 - 4 * j - k] = h_bytes[k];
+            out_h[4 * j + k] = h_bytes[k];
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/circuits.js/src/constants.gen.ts b/yarn-project/circuits.js/src/constants.gen.ts
index 479e46bbfd3..32813affa18 100644
--- a/yarn-project/circuits.js/src/constants.gen.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/circuits.js/src/constants.gen.ts
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ export const AVM_SHA256COMPRESSION_BASE_L2_GAS = 261;
 export const AVM_KECCAKF1600_BASE_L2_GAS = 300;
 export const AVM_ECADD_BASE_L2_GAS = 62;
 export const AVM_MSM_BASE_L2_GAS = 1000;
-export const AVM_TORADIXLE_BASE_L2_GAS = 46;
+export const AVM_TORADIXBE_BASE_L2_GAS = 46;
 export const AVM_CALLDATACOPY_DYN_L2_GAS = 6;
 export const AVM_EMITUNENCRYPTEDLOG_DYN_L2_GAS = 146;
 export const AVM_CALL_DYN_L2_GAS = 4;
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ export const AVM_STATICCALL_DYN_L2_GAS = 4;
 export const AVM_RETURN_DYN_L2_GAS = 6;
 export const AVM_REVERT_DYN_L2_GAS = 6;
 export const AVM_MSM_DYN_L2_GAS = 100;
-export const AVM_TORADIXLE_DYN_L2_GAS = 20;
+export const AVM_TORADIXBE_DYN_L2_GAS = 20;
 export const AVM_SSTORE_BASE_DA_GAS = 512;
 export const AVM_EMITNOTEHASH_BASE_DA_GAS = 512;
 export const AVM_EMITNULLIFIER_BASE_DA_GAS = 512;
diff --git a/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/avm_gas.ts b/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/avm_gas.ts
index e2e2c321386..88f1b27d706 100644
--- a/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/avm_gas.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/avm_gas.ts
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ const BASE_GAS_COSTS: Record<Opcode, Gas> = {
   [Opcode.KECCAKF1600]: makeCost(c.AVM_KECCAKF1600_BASE_L2_GAS, 0),
   [Opcode.ECADD]: makeCost(c.AVM_ECADD_BASE_L2_GAS, 0),
   [Opcode.MSM]: makeCost(c.AVM_MSM_BASE_L2_GAS, 0),
-  [Opcode.TORADIXLE]: makeCost(c.AVM_TORADIXLE_BASE_L2_GAS, 0),
+  [Opcode.TORADIXBE]: makeCost(c.AVM_TORADIXBE_BASE_L2_GAS, 0),
 };
 
 const DYNAMIC_GAS_COSTS = new Map<Opcode, Gas>([
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ const DYNAMIC_GAS_COSTS = new Map<Opcode, Gas>([
   [Opcode.REVERT_8, makeCost(c.AVM_REVERT_DYN_L2_GAS, 0)],
   [Opcode.REVERT_16, makeCost(c.AVM_REVERT_DYN_L2_GAS, 0)],
   [Opcode.MSM, makeCost(c.AVM_MSM_DYN_L2_GAS, 0)],
-  [Opcode.TORADIXLE, makeCost(c.AVM_TORADIXLE_DYN_L2_GAS, 0)],
+  [Opcode.TORADIXBE, makeCost(c.AVM_TORADIXBE_DYN_L2_GAS, 0)],
 ]);
 
 /** Returns the fixed base gas cost for a given opcode. */
diff --git a/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/opcodes/conversion.test.ts b/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/opcodes/conversion.test.ts
index b211848780d..8db134f6d09 100644
--- a/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/opcodes/conversion.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/opcodes/conversion.test.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { type AvmContext } from '../avm_context.js';
 import { Field, type Uint1, type Uint8, Uint32 } from '../avm_memory_types.js';
 import { initContext } from '../fixtures/index.js';
 import { Addressing, AddressingMode } from './addressing_mode.js';
-import { ToRadixLE } from './conversion.js';
+import { ToRadixBE } from './conversion.js';
 
 describe('Conversion Opcodes', () => {
   let context: AvmContext;
@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ describe('Conversion Opcodes', () => {
     context = initContext();
   });
 
-  describe('To Radix LE', () => {
+  describe('To Radix BE', () => {
     it('Should (de)serialize correctly', () => {
       const buf = Buffer.from([
-        ToRadixLE.opcode, // opcode
+        ToRadixBE.opcode, // opcode
         1, // indirect
         ...Buffer.from('1234', 'hex'), // inputStateOffset
         ...Buffer.from('2345', 'hex'), // outputStateOffset
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ describe('Conversion Opcodes', () => {
         ...Buffer.from('0100', 'hex'), // numLimbs
         ...Buffer.from('01', 'hex'), // outputBits
       ]);
-      const inst = new ToRadixLE(
+      const inst = new ToRadixBE(
         /*indirect=*/ 1,
         /*srcOffset=*/ 0x1234,
         /*dstOffset=*/ 0x2345,
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ describe('Conversion Opcodes', () => {
         /*outputBits=*/ 1,
       );
 
-      expect(ToRadixLE.deserialize(buf)).toEqual(inst);
+      expect(ToRadixBE.deserialize(buf)).toEqual(inst);
       expect(inst.serialize()).toEqual(buf);
     });
 
@@ -47,13 +47,15 @@ describe('Conversion Opcodes', () => {
       context.machineState.memory.set(srcOffset, arg);
       context.machineState.memory.set(radixOffset, radix);
 
-      await new ToRadixLE(indirect, srcOffset, dstOffset, radixOffset, numLimbs, outputBits).execute(context);
+      await new ToRadixBE(indirect, srcOffset, dstOffset, radixOffset, numLimbs, outputBits).execute(context);
 
       const resultBuffer: Buffer = Buffer.concat(
         context.machineState.memory.getSliceAs<Uint8>(dstOffset, numLimbs).map(byte => byte.toBuffer()),
       );
-      // The expected result is the first 10 bits of the input, reversed
-      const expectedResults = '1011101010100'.split('').reverse().slice(0, numLimbs).map(Number);
+      // The expected result is the first 10 bits of the input
+      // Reverse before slice because still only care about the first `numLimb` bytes.
+      // Then reverse back since we want big endian (as the original string is).
+      const expectedResults = '1011101010100'.split('').reverse().slice(0, numLimbs).reverse().map(Number);
       for (let i = 0; i < numLimbs; i++) {
         expect(resultBuffer.readUInt8(i)).toEqual(expectedResults[i]);
       }
@@ -71,13 +73,15 @@ describe('Conversion Opcodes', () => {
       context.machineState.memory.set(srcOffset, arg);
       context.machineState.memory.set(radixOffset, radix);
 
-      await new ToRadixLE(indirect, srcOffset, dstOffset, radixOffset, numLimbs, outputBits).execute(context);
+      await new ToRadixBE(indirect, srcOffset, dstOffset, radixOffset, numLimbs, outputBits).execute(context);
 
       const resultBuffer: Buffer = Buffer.concat(
         context.machineState.memory.getSliceAs<Uint1>(dstOffset, numLimbs).map(byte => byte.toBuffer()),
       );
-      // The expected result is the first 10 bits of the input, reversed
-      const expectedResults = '1011101010100'.split('').reverse().slice(0, numLimbs).map(Number);
+      // The expected result is the first 10 bits of the input
+      // Reverse before slice because still only care about the first `numLimb` bytes.
+      // Then reverse back since we want big endian (as the original string is).
+      const expectedResults = '1011101010100'.split('').reverse().slice(0, numLimbs).reverse().map(Number);
       for (let i = 0; i < numLimbs; i++) {
         expect(resultBuffer.readUInt8(i)).toEqual(expectedResults[i]);
       }
@@ -106,20 +110,20 @@ describe('Conversion Opcodes', () => {
 
       const numLimbs = 32; // 256-bit decomposition
       const outputBits = 0; // false, output as bytes
-      await new ToRadixLE(indirect, srcOffset, dstOffset, radixOffset, numLimbs, outputBits).execute(context);
+      await new ToRadixBE(indirect, srcOffset, dstOffset, radixOffset, numLimbs, outputBits).execute(context);
 
       const resultBuffer: Buffer = Buffer.concat(
         context.machineState.memory.getSliceAs<Uint8>(dstOffsetReal, numLimbs).map(byte => byte.toBuffer()),
       );
-      // The expected result is the input (padded to 256 bits),and reversed
+      // The expected result is the input (padded to 256 bits)
       const expectedResults = '1234567890abcdef'
         .padStart(64, '0')
         .split('')
-        .reverse()
         .map(a => parseInt(a, 16));
       // Checking the value in each byte of the buffer is correct
       for (let i = 0; i < numLimbs; i++) {
-        expect(resultBuffer.readUInt8(i)).toEqual(expectedResults[2 * i] + expectedResults[2 * i + 1] * 16);
+        // Compute the expected byte's numerical value from its two hex digits
+        expect(resultBuffer.readUInt8(i)).toEqual(expectedResults[2 * i] * 16 + expectedResults[2 * i + 1]);
       }
     });
   });
diff --git a/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/opcodes/conversion.ts b/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/opcodes/conversion.ts
index a9713f96566..38156debcc0 100644
--- a/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/opcodes/conversion.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/opcodes/conversion.ts
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ import { Opcode, OperandType } from '../serialization/instruction_serialization.
 import { Addressing } from './addressing_mode.js';
 import { Instruction } from './instruction.js';
 
-export class ToRadixLE extends Instruction {
+export class ToRadixBE extends Instruction {
   static type: string = 'TORADIXLE';
-  static readonly opcode: Opcode = Opcode.TORADIXLE;
+  static readonly opcode: Opcode = Opcode.TORADIXBE;
 
   // Informs (de)serialization. See Instruction.deserialize.
   static readonly wireFormat: OperandType[] = [
@@ -44,15 +44,18 @@ export class ToRadixLE extends Instruction {
 
     let value: bigint = memory.get(srcOffset).toBigInt();
     const radix: bigint = memory.get(radixOffset).toBigInt();
+    if (this.numLimbs < 1) {
+      throw new InstructionExecutionError(`ToRadixBE instruction's numLimbs should be > 0 (was ${this.numLimbs})`);
+    }
     if (radix > 256) {
-      throw new InstructionExecutionError(`ToRadixLE instruction's radix should be <= 256 (was ${radix})`);
+      throw new InstructionExecutionError(`ToRadixBE instruction's radix should be <= 256 (was ${radix})`);
     }
     const radixBN: bigint = BigInt(radix);
-    const limbArray = [];
+    const limbArray = new Array(this.numLimbs);
 
-    for (let i = 0; i < this.numLimbs; i++) {
+    for (let i = this.numLimbs - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
       const limb = value % radixBN;
-      limbArray.push(limb);
+      limbArray[i] = limb;
       value /= radixBN;
     }
 
diff --git a/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/serialization/bytecode_serialization.ts b/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/serialization/bytecode_serialization.ts
index b60c1f0fec8..8eabfedac2b 100644
--- a/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/serialization/bytecode_serialization.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/serialization/bytecode_serialization.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ import {
   Shr,
   StaticCall,
   Sub,
-  ToRadixLE,
+  ToRadixBE,
   Xor,
 } from '../opcodes/index.js';
 import { MultiScalarMul } from '../opcodes/multi_scalar_mul.js';
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ const INSTRUCTION_SET = () =>
     [Sha256Compression.opcode, Instruction.deserialize.bind(Sha256Compression)],
     [MultiScalarMul.opcode, Instruction.deserialize.bind(MultiScalarMul)],
     // Conversions
-    [ToRadixLE.opcode, Instruction.deserialize.bind(ToRadixLE)],
+    [ToRadixBE.opcode, Instruction.deserialize.bind(ToRadixBE)],
     // Future Gadgets -- pending changes in noir
     // SHA256COMPRESSION,
     [KeccakF1600.opcode, Instruction.deserialize.bind(KeccakF1600)],
diff --git a/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/serialization/instruction_serialization.ts b/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/serialization/instruction_serialization.ts
index c679b8939a0..10edd3794a1 100644
--- a/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/serialization/instruction_serialization.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/simulator/src/avm/serialization/instruction_serialization.ts
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ export enum Opcode {
   ECADD,
   MSM,
   // Conversion
-  TORADIXLE,
+  TORADIXBE,
 }
 
 // Possible types for an instruction's operand in its wire format. (Keep in sync with CPP code.