diff --git a/yarn-project/aztec/terraform/node/main.tf b/yarn-project/aztec/terraform/node/main.tf
index 71963fd8074..ea9a4b8454a 100644
--- a/yarn-project/aztec/terraform/node/main.tf
+++ b/yarn-project/aztec/terraform/node/main.tf
@@ -324,6 +324,10 @@ resource "aws_ecs_task_definition" "aztec-node" {
           name  = "P2P_PEER_CHECK_INTERVAL_MS"
           value = "2000"
         },
+        {
+          name  = "P2P_TX_POOL_KEEP_PROVEN_FOR",
+          value = tostring(var.P2P_TX_POOL_KEEP_PROVEN_FOR)
+        },
         {
           name  = "PROVER_AGENTS"
           value = "0"
diff --git a/yarn-project/aztec/terraform/node/variables.tf b/yarn-project/aztec/terraform/node/variables.tf
index a9a69fff3c5..620157e8c25 100644
--- a/yarn-project/aztec/terraform/node/variables.tf
+++ b/yarn-project/aztec/terraform/node/variables.tf
@@ -72,6 +72,11 @@ variable "P2P_ENABLED" {
   default = true
 }
 
+variable "P2P_TX_POOL_KEEP_PROVEN_FOR" {
+  type    = number
+  default = 64
+}
+
 variable "PROVING_ENABLED" {
   type    = bool
   default = false
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/index.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/index.ts
index 2bde5c4c1e7..86b5e2a8672 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/index.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/index.ts
@@ -63,5 +63,5 @@ export const createP2PClient = async (
   } else {
     p2pService = new DummyP2PService();
   }
-  return new P2PClient(store, l2BlockSource, txPool, p2pService);
+  return new P2PClient(store, l2BlockSource, txPool, p2pService, config.keepProvenTxsInPoolFor);
 };
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/mocks.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/mocks.ts
index 4b8508811d3..744fb7dd2d8 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/mocks.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/mocks.ts
@@ -8,14 +8,23 @@ export class MockBlockSource implements L2BlockSource {
   private l2Blocks: L2Block[] = [];
   private txEffects: TxEffect[] = [];
 
-  constructor(private numBlocks = 100) {
-    for (let i = 0; i < this.numBlocks; i++) {
-      const block = L2Block.random(i);
+  constructor(numBlocks = 100, private provenBlockNumber?: number) {
+    this.addBlocks(numBlocks);
+  }
+
+  public addBlocks(numBlocks: number) {
+    for (let i = 0; i < numBlocks; i++) {
+      const blockNum = this.l2Blocks.length;
+      const block = L2Block.random(blockNum);
       this.l2Blocks.push(block);
       this.txEffects.push(...block.body.txEffects);
     }
   }
 
+  public setProvenBlockNumber(provenBlockNumber: number) {
+    this.provenBlockNumber = provenBlockNumber;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Method to fetch the rollup contract address at the base-layer.
    * @returns The rollup address.
@@ -40,8 +49,8 @@ export class MockBlockSource implements L2BlockSource {
     return Promise.resolve(this.l2Blocks.length - 1);
   }
 
-  public getProvenBlockNumber(): Promise<number> {
-    return this.getBlockNumber();
+  public async getProvenBlockNumber(): Promise<number> {
+    return this.provenBlockNumber ?? (await this.getBlockNumber());
   }
 
   /**
@@ -59,8 +68,12 @@ export class MockBlockSource implements L2BlockSource {
    * @param limit - The maximum number of blocks to return.
    * @returns The requested mocked L2 blocks.
    */
-  public getBlocks(from: number, limit: number) {
-    return Promise.resolve(this.l2Blocks.slice(from, from + limit));
+  public getBlocks(from: number, limit: number, proven?: boolean) {
+    return Promise.resolve(
+      this.l2Blocks
+        .slice(from, from + limit)
+        .filter(b => !proven || this.provenBlockNumber === undefined || b.number <= this.provenBlockNumber),
+    );
   }
 
   /**
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.test.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.test.ts
index 0e51054cf03..d064264d4c3 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { type L2BlockSource, mockTx } from '@aztec/circuit-types';
+import { mockTx } from '@aztec/circuit-types';
+import { retryUntil } from '@aztec/foundation/retry';
 import { type AztecKVStore } from '@aztec/kv-store';
 import { openTmpStore } from '@aztec/kv-store/utils';
 
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ type Mockify<T> = {
 
 describe('In-Memory P2P Client', () => {
   let txPool: Mockify<TxPool>;
-  let blockSource: L2BlockSource;
+  let blockSource: MockBlockSource;
   let p2pService: Mockify<P2PService>;
   let kvStore: AztecKVStore;
   let client: P2PClient;
@@ -45,9 +46,14 @@ describe('In-Memory P2P Client', () => {
     blockSource = new MockBlockSource();
 
     kvStore = openTmpStore();
-    client = new P2PClient(kvStore, blockSource, txPool, p2pService);
+    client = new P2PClient(kvStore, blockSource, txPool, p2pService, 0);
   });
 
+  const advanceToProvenBlock = async (provenBlockNum: number) => {
+    blockSource.setProvenBlockNumber(provenBlockNum);
+    await retryUntil(() => Promise.resolve(client.getSyncedProvenBlockNum() >= provenBlockNum), 'synced', 10, 0.1);
+  };
+
   it('can start & stop', async () => {
     expect(await client.isReady()).toEqual(false);
 
@@ -98,7 +104,34 @@ describe('In-Memory P2P Client', () => {
     await client.start();
     await client.stop();
 
-    const client2 = new P2PClient(kvStore, blockSource, txPool, p2pService);
+    const client2 = new P2PClient(kvStore, blockSource, txPool, p2pService, 0);
     expect(client2.getSyncedLatestBlockNum()).toEqual(client.getSyncedLatestBlockNum());
   });
+
+  it('deletes txs once block is proven', async () => {
+    blockSource.setProvenBlockNumber(0);
+    await client.start();
+    expect(txPool.deleteTxs).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    await advanceToProvenBlock(5);
+    expect(txPool.deleteTxs).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(5);
+    await client.stop();
+  });
+
+  it('deletes txs after waiting the set number of blocks', async () => {
+    client = new P2PClient(kvStore, blockSource, txPool, p2pService, 10);
+    blockSource.setProvenBlockNumber(0);
+    await client.start();
+    expect(txPool.deleteTxs).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    await advanceToProvenBlock(5);
+    expect(txPool.deleteTxs).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    await advanceToProvenBlock(12);
+    expect(txPool.deleteTxs).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+
+    await advanceToProvenBlock(20);
+    expect(txPool.deleteTxs).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(10);
+    await client.stop();
+  });
 });
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.ts
index d4b74da2eae..89fee2b4898 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/client/p2p_client.ts
@@ -123,6 +123,7 @@ export class P2PClient implements P2P {
    * @param l2BlockSource - P2P client's source for fetching existing blocks.
    * @param txPool - The client's instance of a transaction pool. Defaults to in-memory implementation.
    * @param p2pService - The concrete instance of p2p networking to use.
+   * @param keepProvenTxsFor - How many blocks have to pass after a block is proven before its txs are deleted (zero to delete immediately once proven).
    * @param log - A logger.
    */
   constructor(
@@ -130,6 +131,7 @@ export class P2PClient implements P2P {
     private l2BlockSource: L2BlockSource,
     private txPool: TxPool,
     private p2pService: P2PService,
+    private keepProvenTxsFor: number,
     private log = createDebugLogger('aztec:p2p'),
   ) {
     const { p2pBlockCheckIntervalMS: checkInterval, p2pL2QueueSize } = getP2PConfigEnvVars();
@@ -340,6 +342,7 @@ export class P2PClient implements P2P {
    * @returns Empty promise.
    */
   private async deleteTxsFromBlocks(blocks: L2Block[]): Promise<void> {
+    this.log.debug(`Deleting txs from blocks ${blocks[0].number} to ${blocks[blocks.length - 1].number}`);
     for (const block of blocks) {
       const txHashes = block.body.txEffects.map(txEffect => txEffect.txHash);
       await this.txPool.deleteTxs(txHashes);
@@ -363,16 +366,28 @@ export class P2PClient implements P2P {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Handles new proven blocks by deleting the txs in them.
-   * @param blocks - A list of existing blocks with txs that the P2P client needs to ensure the tx pool is reconciled with.
+   * Handles new proven blocks by deleting the txs in them, or by deleting the txs in blocks `keepProvenTxsFor` ago.
+   * @param blocks - A list of proven L2 blocks.
    * @returns Empty promise.
    */
   private async handleProvenL2Blocks(blocks: L2Block[]): Promise<void> {
     if (!blocks.length) {
       return Promise.resolve();
     }
-    await this.deleteTxsFromBlocks(blocks);
+
+    const firstBlockNum = blocks[0].number;
     const lastBlockNum = blocks[blocks.length - 1].number;
+
+    if (this.keepProvenTxsFor === 0) {
+      await this.deleteTxsFromBlocks(blocks);
+    } else if (lastBlockNum - this.keepProvenTxsFor >= INITIAL_L2_BLOCK_NUM) {
+      const fromBlock = Math.max(INITIAL_L2_BLOCK_NUM, firstBlockNum - this.keepProvenTxsFor);
+      const toBlock = lastBlockNum - this.keepProvenTxsFor;
+      const limit = toBlock - fromBlock + 1;
+      const blocksToDeleteTxsFrom = await this.l2BlockSource.getBlocks(fromBlock, limit, true);
+      await this.deleteTxsFromBlocks(blocksToDeleteTxsFrom);
+    }
+
     await this.synchedProvenBlockNumber.set(lastBlockNum);
     this.log.debug(`Synched to proven block ${lastBlockNum}`);
     await this.startServiceIfSynched();
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/config.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/config.ts
index c8d6c5d5c54..0735cbd010b 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/config.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/config.ts
@@ -88,6 +88,9 @@ export interface P2PConfig {
    * If announceUdpAddress or announceTcpAddress are not provided, query for the IP address of the machine. Default is false.
    */
   queryForIp: boolean;
+
+  /** How many blocks have to pass after a block is proven before its txs are deleted (zero to delete immediately once proven) */
+  keepProvenTxsInPoolFor: number;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -113,6 +116,7 @@ export function getP2PConfigEnvVars(): P2PConfig {
     TX_GOSSIP_VERSION,
     P2P_TX_PROTOCOL,
     P2P_QUERY_FOR_IP,
+    P2P_TX_POOL_KEEP_PROVEN_FOR,
   } = process.env;
   // P2P listen & announce addresses passed in format: <IP_ADDRESS>:<PORT>
   // P2P announce multiaddrs passed in format: /ip4/<IP_ADDRESS>/<protocol>/<PORT>
@@ -134,6 +138,7 @@ export function getP2PConfigEnvVars(): P2PConfig {
     dataDirectory: DATA_DIRECTORY,
     txGossipVersion: TX_GOSSIP_VERSION ? new SemVer(TX_GOSSIP_VERSION) : new SemVer('0.1.0'),
     queryForIp: P2P_QUERY_FOR_IP === 'true',
+    keepProvenTxsInPoolFor: P2P_TX_POOL_KEEP_PROVEN_FOR ? +P2P_TX_POOL_KEEP_PROVEN_FOR : 0,
   };
   return envVars;
 }
diff --git a/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/discv5_service.test.ts b/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/discv5_service.test.ts
index 67442f0a87e..4a278f37822 100644
--- a/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/discv5_service.test.ts
+++ b/yarn-project/p2p/src/service/discv5_service.test.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import type { PeerId } from '@libp2p/interface';
 import { SemVer } from 'semver';
 
 import { BootstrapNode } from '../bootstrap/bootstrap.js';
+import { type P2PConfig } from '../config.js';
 import { DiscV5Service } from './discV5_service.js';
 import { createLibP2PPeerId } from './libp2p_service.js';
 import { PeerDiscoveryState } from './service.js';
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ describe('Discv5Service', () => {
   const createNode = async (port: number) => {
     const bootnodeAddr = bootNode.getENR().encodeTxt();
     const peerId = await createLibP2PPeerId();
-    const config = {
+    const config: P2PConfig = {
       ...baseConfig,
       tcpListenAddress: `0.0.0.0:${port}`,
       udpListenAddress: `0.0.0.0:${port}`,
@@ -135,6 +136,7 @@ describe('Discv5Service', () => {
       p2pEnabled: true,
       p2pL2QueueSize: 100,
       txGossipVersion: new SemVer('0.1.0'),
+      keepProvenTxsInPoolFor: 0,
     };
     return new DiscV5Service(peerId, config);
   };