diff --git a/index.d.ts b/index.d.ts
index 85e67b6c9fc..73994372297 100644
--- a/index.d.ts
+++ b/index.d.ts
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
    */
   export function isValidObjectId(v: any): boolean;
 
-  export function model<T extends Document, TQueryHelpers = any>(name: string, schema?: Schema<any>, collection?: string, skipInit?: boolean): Model<T, TQueryHelpers>;
-  export function model<T extends Document, U extends Model<T, TQueryHelpers>, TQueryHelpers = any>(
+  export function model<T extends Document, TQueryHelpers = {}>(name: string, schema?: Schema<any>, collection?: string, skipInit?: boolean): Model<T, TQueryHelpers>;
+  export function model<T extends Document, U extends Model<T, TQueryHelpers>, TQueryHelpers = {}>(
     name: string,
     schema?: Schema<T, U>,
     collection?: string,
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
 
     /** Defines or retrieves a model. */
     model<T extends Document>(name: string, schema?: Schema<T>, collection?: string): Model<T>;
-    model<T extends Document, U extends Model<T, TQueryHelpers>, TQueryHelpers = {}>(
+    model<T extends Document, U extends Model<T, TQueryHelpers>, TQueryHelpers = undefined>(
       name: string,
       schema?: Schema<T, U, TQueryHelpers>,
       collection?: string,
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
     getIndexes(): any;
   }
 
-  class Document<T = any> {
+  class Document<T = any, TQueryHelpers = {}> {
     constructor(doc?: any);
 
     /** This documents _id. */
@@ -435,11 +435,11 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
     db: Connection;
 
     /** Removes this document from the db. */
-    delete(options?: QueryOptions): Query<any, this>;
+    delete(options?: QueryOptions): QueryWithHelpers<any, this, TQueryHelpers>;
     delete(options?: QueryOptions, cb?: (err: CallbackError, res: any) => void): void;
 
     /** Removes this document from the db. */
-    deleteOne(options?: QueryOptions): Query<any, this>;
+    deleteOne(options?: QueryOptions): QueryWithHelpers<any, this, TQueryHelpers>;
     deleteOne(options?: QueryOptions, cb?: (err: CallbackError, res: any) => void): void;
 
     /** Takes a populated field and returns it to its unpopulated state. */
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
 
   export const Model: Model<any>;
   // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
-  interface Model<T extends Document, TQueryHelpers = any> extends NodeJS.EventEmitter {
+  interface Model<T extends Document, TQueryHelpers = undefined> extends NodeJS.EventEmitter {
     new(doc?: any): T;
 
     aggregate<R = any>(pipeline?: any[]): Aggregate<Array<R>>;
@@ -624,12 +624,12 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
     collection: Collection;
 
     /** Creates a `count` query: counts the number of documents that match `filter`. */
-    count(callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): Query<number, T, TQueryHelpers>;
-    count(filter: FilterQuery<T>, callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): Query<number, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    count(callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): QueryWithHelpers<number, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    count(filter: FilterQuery<T>, callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): QueryWithHelpers<number, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `countDocuments` query: counts the number of documents that match `filter`. */
-    countDocuments(callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): Query<number, T, TQueryHelpers>;
-    countDocuments(filter: FilterQuery<T>, callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): Query<number, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    countDocuments(callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): QueryWithHelpers<number, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    countDocuments(filter: FilterQuery<T>, callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): QueryWithHelpers<number, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a new document or documents */
     create(doc: T | DocumentDefinition<T>): Promise<T>;
@@ -665,14 +665,14 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
      * Behaves like `remove()`, but deletes all documents that match `conditions`
      * regardless of the `single` option.
      */
-    deleteMany(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions, callback?: (err: CallbackError) => void): Query<mongodb.DeleteWriteOpResultObject['result'] & { deletedCount?: number }, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    deleteMany(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions, callback?: (err: CallbackError) => void): QueryWithHelpers<mongodb.DeleteWriteOpResultObject['result'] & { deletedCount?: number }, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /**
      * Deletes the first document that matches `conditions` from the collection.
      * Behaves like `remove()`, but deletes at most one document regardless of the
      * `single` option.
      */
-    deleteOne(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions, callback?: (err: CallbackError) => void): Query<mongodb.DeleteWriteOpResultObject['result'] & { deletedCount?: number }, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    deleteOne(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions, callback?: (err: CallbackError) => void): QueryWithHelpers<mongodb.DeleteWriteOpResultObject['result'] & { deletedCount?: number }, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /**
      * Sends `createIndex` commands to mongo for each index declared in the schema.
@@ -693,10 +693,10 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
      * equivalent to `findOne({ _id: id })`. If you want to query by a document's
      * `_id`, use `findById()` instead of `findOne()`.
      */
-    findById(id: any, projection?: any | null, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: CallbackError, doc: T | null) => void): Query<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findById(id: any, projection?: any | null, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: CallbackError, doc: T | null) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Finds one document. */
-    findOne(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, projection?: any | null, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: CallbackError, doc: T | null) => void): Query<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findOne(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, projection?: any | null, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: CallbackError, doc: T | null) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /**
      * Shortcut for creating a new Document from existing raw data, pre-saved in the DB.
@@ -766,7 +766,7 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
 
     /** Adds a `$where` clause to this query */
     // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/ban-types
-    $where(argument: string | Function): Query<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    $where(argument: string | Function): QueryWithHelpers<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Registered discriminators for this model. */
     discriminators: { [name: string]: Model<any> } | undefined;
@@ -778,10 +778,10 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
     discriminator<D extends Document>(name: string, schema: Schema, value?: string): Model<D>;
 
     /** Creates a `distinct` query: returns the distinct values of the given `field` that match `filter`. */
-    distinct(field: string, filter?: FilterQuery<T>, callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): Query<Array<any>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    distinct(field: string, filter?: FilterQuery<T>, callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): QueryWithHelpers<Array<any>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `estimatedDocumentCount` query: counts the number of documents in the collection. */
-    estimatedDocumentCount(options?: QueryOptions, callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): Query<number, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    estimatedDocumentCount(options?: QueryOptions, callback?: (err: any, count: number) => void): QueryWithHelpers<number, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /**
      * Returns true if at least one document exists in the database that matches
@@ -791,37 +791,37 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
     exists(filter: FilterQuery<T>, callback: (err: any, res: boolean) => void): void;
 
     /** Creates a `find` query: gets a list of documents that match `filter`. */
-    find(callback?: (err: any, docs: T[]) => void): Query<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers> & TQueryHelpers;
-    find(filter: FilterQuery<T>, callback?: (err: any, docs: T[]) => void): Query<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers> & TQueryHelpers;
-    find(filter: FilterQuery<T>, projection?: any | null, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, docs: T[]) => void): Query<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers> & TQueryHelpers;
+    find(callback?: (err: any, docs: T[]) => void): QueryWithHelpers<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    find(filter: FilterQuery<T>, callback?: (err: any, docs: T[]) => void): QueryWithHelpers<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    find(filter: FilterQuery<T>, projection?: any | null, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, docs: T[]) => void): QueryWithHelpers<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `findByIdAndDelete` query, filtering by the given `_id`. */
-    findByIdAndDelete(id?: mongodb.ObjectId | any, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): Query<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findByIdAndDelete(id?: mongodb.ObjectId | any, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `findByIdAndRemove` query, filtering by the given `_id`. */
-    findByIdAndRemove(id?: mongodb.ObjectId | any, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): Query<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findByIdAndRemove(id?: mongodb.ObjectId | any, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `findOneAndUpdate` query, filtering by the given `_id`. */
-    findByIdAndUpdate(id: mongodb.ObjectId | any, update: UpdateQuery<T>, options: QueryOptions & { rawResult: true }, callback?: (err: any, doc: mongodb.FindAndModifyWriteOpResultObject<T>, res: any) => void): Query<mongodb.FindAndModifyWriteOpResultObject<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
-    findByIdAndUpdate(id: mongodb.ObjectId | any, update: UpdateQuery<T>, options: QueryOptions & { upsert: true } & ReturnsNewDoc, callback?: (err: any, doc: T, res: any) => void): Query<T, T, TQueryHelpers>;
-    findByIdAndUpdate(id?: mongodb.ObjectId | any, update?: UpdateQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): Query<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findByIdAndUpdate(id: mongodb.ObjectId | any, update: UpdateQuery<T>, options: QueryOptions & { rawResult: true }, callback?: (err: any, doc: mongodb.FindAndModifyWriteOpResultObject<T>, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<mongodb.FindAndModifyWriteOpResultObject<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findByIdAndUpdate(id: mongodb.ObjectId | any, update: UpdateQuery<T>, options: QueryOptions & { upsert: true } & ReturnsNewDoc, callback?: (err: any, doc: T, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findByIdAndUpdate(id?: mongodb.ObjectId | any, update?: UpdateQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `findOneAndDelete` query: atomically finds the given document, deletes it, and returns the document as it was before deletion. */
-    findOneAndDelete(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): Query<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findOneAndDelete(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `findOneAndRemove` query: atomically finds the given document and deletes it. */
-    findOneAndRemove(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): Query<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findOneAndRemove(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `findOneAndReplace` query: atomically finds the given document and replaces it with `replacement`. */
-    findOneAndReplace(filter: FilterQuery<T>, replacement: DocumentDefinition<T>, options: QueryOptions & { upsert: true } & ReturnsNewDoc, callback?: (err: any, doc: T, res: any) => void): Query<T, T, TQueryHelpers>;
-    findOneAndReplace(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, replacement?: DocumentDefinition<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): Query<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findOneAndReplace(filter: FilterQuery<T>, replacement: DocumentDefinition<T>, options: QueryOptions & { upsert: true } & ReturnsNewDoc, callback?: (err: any, doc: T, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findOneAndReplace(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, replacement?: DocumentDefinition<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `findOneAndUpdate` query: atomically find the first document that matches `filter` and apply `update`. */
-    findOneAndUpdate(filter: FilterQuery<T>, update: UpdateQuery<T>, options: QueryOptions & { rawResult: true }, callback?: (err: any, doc: mongodb.FindAndModifyWriteOpResultObject<T>, res: any) => void): Query<mongodb.FindAndModifyWriteOpResultObject<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
-    findOneAndUpdate(filter: FilterQuery<T>, update: UpdateQuery<T>, options: QueryOptions & { upsert: true } & ReturnsNewDoc, callback?: (err: any, doc: T, res: any) => void): Query<T, T, TQueryHelpers>;
-    findOneAndUpdate(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, update?: UpdateQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): Query<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findOneAndUpdate(filter: FilterQuery<T>, update: UpdateQuery<T>, options: QueryOptions & { rawResult: true }, callback?: (err: any, doc: mongodb.FindAndModifyWriteOpResultObject<T>, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<mongodb.FindAndModifyWriteOpResultObject<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findOneAndUpdate(filter: FilterQuery<T>, update: UpdateQuery<T>, options: QueryOptions & { upsert: true } & ReturnsNewDoc, callback?: (err: any, doc: T, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    findOneAndUpdate(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, update?: UpdateQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, doc: T | null, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<T | null, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
-    geoSearch(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, options?: GeoSearchOptions, callback?: (err: CallbackError, res: Array<T>) => void): Query<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    geoSearch(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, options?: GeoSearchOptions, callback?: (err: CallbackError, res: Array<T>) => void): QueryWithHelpers<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Executes a mapReduce command. */
     mapReduce<Key, Value>(
@@ -829,10 +829,10 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
       callback?: (err: any, res: any) => void
     ): Promise<any>;
 
-    remove(filter?: any, callback?: (err: CallbackError) => void): Query<any, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    remove(filter?: any, callback?: (err: CallbackError) => void): QueryWithHelpers<any, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `replaceOne` query: finds the first document that matches `filter` and replaces it with `replacement`. */
-    replaceOne(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, replacement?: DocumentDefinition<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, res: any) => void): Query<any, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    replaceOne(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, replacement?: DocumentDefinition<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<any, T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Schema the model uses. */
     schema: Schema;
@@ -841,18 +841,18 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
      * @deprecated use `updateOne` or `updateMany` instead.
      * Creates a `update` query: updates one or many documents that match `filter` with `update`, based on the `multi` option.
      */
-    update(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, update?: UpdateQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, res: any) => void): Query<mongodb.WriteOpResult['result'], T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    update(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, update?: UpdateQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<mongodb.WriteOpResult['result'], T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `updateMany` query: updates all documents that match `filter` with `update`. */
-    updateMany(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, update?: UpdateQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, res: any) => void): Query<mongodb.UpdateWriteOpResult['result'], T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    updateMany(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, update?: UpdateQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<mongodb.UpdateWriteOpResult['result'], T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a `updateOne` query: updates the first document that matches `filter` with `update`. */
-    updateOne(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, update?: UpdateQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, res: any) => void): Query<mongodb.UpdateWriteOpResult['result'], T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    updateOne(filter?: FilterQuery<T>, update?: UpdateQuery<T>, options?: QueryOptions | null, callback?: (err: any, res: any) => void): QueryWithHelpers<mongodb.UpdateWriteOpResult['result'], T, TQueryHelpers>;
 
     /** Creates a Query, applies the passed conditions, and returns the Query. */
-    where(path: string, val?: any): Query<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
-    where(obj: object): Query<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
-    where(): Query<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    where(path: string, val?: any): QueryWithHelpers<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    where(obj: object): QueryWithHelpers<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
+    where(): QueryWithHelpers<Array<T>, T, TQueryHelpers>;
   }
 
   interface QueryOptions {
@@ -1052,7 +1052,7 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
   type SchemaPreOptions = { document?: boolean, query?: boolean };
   type SchemaPostOptions = { document?: boolean, query?: boolean };
 
-  class Schema<DocType extends Document = Document, M extends Model<DocType> = Model<DocType>, SchemaDefinitionType = undefined> extends events.EventEmitter {
+  class Schema<DocType extends Document = Document, M extends Model<DocType, any> = Model<DocType>, SchemaDefinitionType = undefined> extends events.EventEmitter {
     /**
      * Create a new schema
      */
@@ -1827,7 +1827,9 @@ declare module 'mongoose' {
 
   type ReturnsNewDoc = { new: true } | { returnOriginal: false };
 
-  class Query<ResultType, DocType extends Document, THelpers = any> {
+  type QueryWithHelpers<ResultType, DocType extends Document, THelpers = {}> = Query<ResultType, DocType, THelpers> & THelpers;
+
+  class Query<ResultType, DocType extends Document, THelpers = {}> {
     _mongooseOptions: MongooseQueryOptions;
 
     /** Executes the query */